Designation of noxious weeds.

The Administrator has determined that it is necessary to designate the following plants 1 as noxious weeds to prevent their introduction into the United States or their dissemination within the United States: 1 One or more of the common names of weeds are given in parentheses after most scientific names to help identify the weeds represented by such scientific names; however, a scientific name is intended to include all subordinate taxa within the taxon. For example, taxa listed at the genus level include all species, subspecies, varieties, and forms within the genus; taxa listed at the species level include all subspecies, varieties, and forms within the species. (a) Aquatic and wetland weeds: Azolla pinnata R. Brown (mosquito fern, water velvet) Caulerpa taxifolia (Vahl) C. Agardh, Mediterranean strain (killer algae) Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth Hydrilla verticillata (Linnaeus f.) Royle (hydrilla) Hygrophila polysperma T. Anderson (Miramar weed) Ipomoea aquatica Forsskal (water-spinach, swamp morning-glory) Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) Moss Limnophila sessiliflora (Vahl) Blume (ambulia) Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cavanilles) S.T. Blake Monochoria hastata (Linnaeus) Solms-Laubach Monochoria vaginalis (Burman f.) C. Presl Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers. Sagittaria sagittifolia Linnaeus (arrowhead) Salvinia auriculata Aublet (giant salvinia) Salvinia biloba Raddi (giant salvinia) Salvinia herzogii de la Sota (giant salvinia) Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell (giant salvinia) Solanum tampicense Dunal (wetland nightshade) Sparganium erectum Linnaeus (exotic bur-reed) (b) Parasitic weeds: Aeginetia spp. Alectra spp. Cuscuta spp. (dodders), other than following species: Cuscuta americana Linnaeus Cuscuta applanata Engelmann Cuscuta approximata Babington Cuscuta attenuata Waterfall Cuscuta boldinghii Urban Cuscuta brachycalyx (Yuncker) Yuncker Cuscuta californica Hooker & Arnott Cuscuta campestris Yuncker Cuscuta cassytoides Nees ex Engelmann Cuscuta ceanothi Behr Cuscuta cephalanthi Engelmann Cuscuta compacta Jussieu Cuscuta coryli Engelmann Cuscuta cuspidata Engelmann Cuscuta decipiens Yuncker Cuscuta dentatasquamata Yuncker Cuscuta denticulata Engelmann Cuscuta epilinum Weihe Cuscuta epithymum (Linnaeus) Linnaeus Cuscuta erosa Yuncker Cuscuta europaea Linnaeus Cuscuta exaltata Engelmann Cuscuta fasciculata Yuncker Cuscuta glabrior (Engelmann) Yuncker Cuscuta globulosa Bentham Cuscuta glomerata Choisy Cuscuta gronovii Willdenow Cuscuta harperi Small Cuscuta howelliana Rubtzoff Cuscuta indecora Choisy Cuscuta leptantha Engelmann Cuscuta mitriformis Engelmann Cuscuta obtusiflora Kunth Cuscuta odontolepis Engelmann Cuscuta pentagona Engelmann Cuscuta planiflora Tenore Cuscuta plattensis A. Nelson Cuscuta polygonorum Engelmann Cuscuta rostrata Shuttleworth ex Engelmann & Gray Cuscuta runyonii Yuncker Cuscuta salina Engelmann Cuscuta sandwichiana Choisy Cuscuta squamata Engelmann Cuscuta suaveolens Seringe Cuscuta suksdorfii Yuncker Cuscuta tuberculata Brandegee Cuscuta umbellata Kunth Cuscuta umbrosa Beyrich ex Hooker Cuscuta veatchii Brandegee Cuscuta warneri Yuncker Orobanche spp. (broomrapes), other than the following species: Orobanche bulbosa (Gray) G. Beck Orobanche californica Schlechtendal & Chamisso Orobanche cooperi (Gray) Heller Orobanche corymbosa (Rydberg) Ferris Orobanche dugesii (S. Watson) Munz Orobanche fasciculata Nuttall Orobanche ludoviciana Nuttall Orobanche multicaulis Brandegee Orobanche parishii (Jepson) Heckard Orobanche pinorum Geyer ex Hooker Orobanche uniflora Linnaeus Orobanche valida Jepson Orobanche vallicola (Jepson) Heckard Striga spp. (witchweeds) (c) Terrestrial weeds: Acacia nilotica (Linnaeus) Wildenow ex Delile (gum arabic tree, thorny acacia Ageratina adenophora (Sprengel) King & Robinson (crofton weed) Ageratina riparia (Regel) R.M. King and H. Robinson (creeping croftonweed, mistflower) Alternanthera sessilis (Linnaeus) R. Brown ex de Candolle (sessile joyweed) Arctotheca calendula (Linnaeus) Levyns (capeweed) Asphodelus fistulosus Linnaeus (onionweed) Avena sterilis Linnaeus (including Avena ludoviciana Durieu) (animated oat, wild oat) Carthamus oxyacantha M. Bieberstein (wild safflower) Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retzius) Trinius (pilipiliula) Commelina benghalensis Linnaeus (Benghal dayflower) Crupina vulgaris Cassini (common crupina) Digitaria abyssinica (Hochstetter ex A. Richard) Stapf (African couchgrass, fingergrass) Digitaria velutina (Forsskal) Palisot de Beauvois (velvet fingergrass, annual couchgrass) Drymaria arenariodes Humboldt & Bonpland ex J.A. Schultes (lightning weed) Emex australis Steinheil (three-cornered jack) Emex spinosa (Linnaeus) Campdera (devil's thorn) Euphorbia terracina Linnaeus (false caper, Geraldton carnation weed) Galega officinalis Linnaeus (goatsrue) Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier (giant hogweed) Imperata brasiliensis Trinius (Brazilian satintail) Imperata cylindrica (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvois (cogongrass) Inula britannica Linnaeus (British elecampane, British yellowhead) Ischaemum rugosum Salisbury (murainograss) Leptochloa chinensis (Linnaeus) Nees (Asian sprangletop) Lycium ferocissimum Miers (African boxthorn) Lygodium flexuosum (Linnaeus) Swartz (maidenhair creeper) Lygodium microphyllum (Cavanilles) R. Brown (Old World climbing fern) Melastoma malabathricum Linnaeus Mikania cordata (Burman f.) B. L. Robinson (mile-a-minute) Mikania micrantha Kunth Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright (giant sensitive-plant) Mimosa pigra Linneaus var. pigra (catclaw mimosa) Moraea collina Thunberg (apricot Cape-tulip) Moraea flaccida (Sweet) Steudel (one-leaf Cape-tulip) Moraea miniata Andrews (two-leaf Cape-tulip) Moraea ochroleuca (Salisbury) Drapiez (red Cape-tulip) Moraea pallida (Baker) Goldblatt (yellow Cape-tulip) Nassella trichotoma (Nees) Hackel ex Arechavaleta (serrated tussock) Onopordum acaulon Linnaeus (stemless thistle) Onopordum illyricum Linnaeus (Illyrian thistle) Opuntia aurantiaca Lindley (jointed prickly pear) Oryza longistaminata A. Chevalier & Roehrich (red rice) Oryza punctata Kotschy ex Steudel (red rice) Oryza rufipogon Griffith (red rice) Paspalum scrobiculatum Linnaeus (Kodo-millet) Pennisetum clandestinum Hochstetter ex Chiovenda (kikuyugrass) Pennisetum macrourum Trinius (African feathergrass) Pennisetum pedicellatum Trinius (kyasumagrass) Pennisetum polystachion (Linnaeus) Schultes (missiongrass, thin napiergrass) Prosopis alpataco R. A. Philippi Prosopis argentina Burkart Prosopis articulata S. Watson Prosopis burkartii Munoz Prosopis caldenia Burkart Prosopis calingastana Burkart Prosopis campestris Griseback Prosopis castellanosii Burkart Prosopis denudans Bentham Prosopis elata (Burkart) Burkart Prosopis farcta (Banks & Solander) J.F. Macbride Prosopis ferox Grisebach Prosopis fiebrigii Harms Prosopis hassleri Harms Prosopis humilis Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott Prosopis kuntzei Harms Prosopis pallida (Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow) Kunth Prosopis palmeri S. Watson Prosopis reptans Bentham var. reptans Prosopis rojasiana Burkart Prosopis ruizlealii Burkart Prosopis ruscifolia Grisebach Prosopis sericantha Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott Prosopis strombulifera (Lamarck) Bentham Prosopis torquata (Cavanilles ex Lagasca y Segura) de Candolle Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) W. Clayton Rubus fruticosus Linnaeus (complex) (wild blackberry) Rubus moluccanus Linnaeus (wild raspberry) Saccharum spontaneum Linnaeus (wild sugarcane) Salsola vermiculata Linnaeus (wormleaf salsola) Senecio inaequidens DC. (South African ragwort) Senecio madagascariensis Poir. (Madagascar ragwort) Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. subsp. pallidefusca (Schumach.) B.K. Simon (cattail grass) Solanum torvum Swartz (turkeyberry) Solanum viarum Dunal (tropical soda apple) Spermacoce alata Aublet Tridax procumbens Linnaeus (coat buttons) Urochloa panicoides Beauvois (liverseed grass) [48 FR 20039, May 4, 1983, as amended at 49 FR 25223, June 20, 1984; 57 FR 8838, Mar. 13, 1992; 60 FR 35832, July 12, 1995; 64 FR 12883, Mar. 16, 1999; 65 FR 33743, May 25, 2000; 66 FR 21060, Apr. 27, 2001; 71 FR 35381, June 20, 2006; 74 FR 53400, Oct. 19, 2009; 75 FR 68953, Nov. 10, 2010]