COOPERATION WITH JAPAN ON TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

SEC. 1454. COOPERATION WITH JAPAN ON TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (a) Findings.— Congress makes the following findings: (1) Japan has developed highly sophisticated research and manufacturing capabilities. (2) Those capabilities have produced technologies that can be usefully applied to the development and manufacture of both commercial products and defense equipment. (3) The availability of those technologies to the United States would greatly enhance the development and manufacture of defense equipment for the Armed Forces of the United States. (4) Since the exchange of notes between the United States and Japan on the transfer of Japanese military technologies in 1983, the level and quality of technological cooperation between the two countries have been unsatisfactory. (5) Effective cooperation in technology research and development between the United States and Japan would enhance the security of both countries. (b) Sense of Congress.— It is the sense of Congress that— (1) the United States and Japan should strengthen their cooperation with regard to technology that would contribute to the security of both countries; (2) technological cooperation between the two countries should be based upon an equitable and mutual sharing of the costs and benefits of that cooperation; and (3) the Secretary of Defense should improve the staffing, funding, and organization of those activities within the Depart-104 STAT. 1695ment of Defense responsible for implementing and overseeing technological cooperation with Japan. (c) Cooperation on Research and Development.— In light of the expressions in subsections (a) and (b), Congress urges and requests the President and directs the Secretary of Defense to pursue vigorously opportunities for the United States and Japan to cooperate in the development of technologies that benefit the security of both countries, particularly those technologies that have both commercial and military applications, commonly referred to as “dual-use” technologies. (d) Cooperative Research and Development Projects.— (1) Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), of the funds authorized to be appropriated pursuant to section 201 for basic research, exploratory development, and advanced technology, $10,000,000 shall be available for research and development projects conducted jointly by the United States and Japan, pursuant to a memorandum of understanding or other formal agreement, for the purpose of— (A) developing new conventional defense equipment; or (B) modifying existing defense equipment to meet United States defense requirements. (2) (A) Funds made available for research and development projects under paragraph (1) may be obligated and expended for a particular research project only if the Secretary of Defense determines that— (i) the particular project will improve, through the application of emerging technology, the conventional defense capabilities of the United States and Japan; and (ii) the applicable memorandum of understanding or other formal agreement provides for the sharing of costs on an equitable basis. (B) The Secretary may delegate the performance of the responsibility to make determinations under subparagraph (A) only to the Deputy Secretary of Defense or the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition. (3) None of the funds made available for research and development projects under paragraph (1) may be used for research and development under the Strategic Defense Initiative. (e) Staffing.— The Secretary of Defense is urged to increase the number of personnel assigned to the Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (International Programs) for the specific purpose of providing oversight of the joint research and development projects of the United States and Japan for which funds are made available under subsection (d).