biomedical and behavioral research training

biomedical and behavioral research training Sec. 103. The part H of the Public Health Service Act relating to the appointment of the Directors of the National Institutes of Health and the National Cancer Institute is redesignated as part I, section 461 of such part is redesignated as section 471, and such part is amended by adding at the end the following new sections: “national research service awards “Sec. 472. (a) (1) The Secretary shall— “(A) provide National Research Service Awards for— “(i) biomedical and behavioral research at the National Institutes of Health and the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration in matters relating to the cause, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of the disease (or diseases) or other health problems to which the activities of the Institutes and Administration are directed, “(ii) training at the Institutes and Administration of individuals to undertake such research. 88 Stat. 343 “(iii) biomedical and behavioral research at non-Federal public institutions and at nonprofit private institutions, and “(iv) pre- and postdoctoral training at such public and private institutions of individuals to undertake such research; and “(B) make grants to non-Federal public institutions and to nonprofit private institutions to enable such institutions to make to individuals selected by them National Research Service Awards for research (and training to undertake such research) in the matters described in subparagraph (A) (i). A reference in this subsection to the National Institutes of Health or the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration shall be considered to include the institutes, divisions, and bureaus included in the Institutes or under the Administration, as the case may be. “(2) National Research Service Awards may not be used to support residencies. “(3) Effective July 1, 1975, National Research Service Awards may be made for research or research training in only those subject areas for which, as determined under section 473, there is a need for personnel. “(b) (1) No National Research Service Award may be made by the Secretary to any individual unless— “(A) the individual has submitted to the Secretary an application therefor and the Secretary has approved the application; “(B) the individual provides, in such form and manner as the Secretary shall by regulation prescribe, assurances satisfactory to the Secretary that the individual will meet the service requirement of subsection (c)(1); and “(C) in the case of a National Research Service Award for a purpose described in subsection (a)(1)(A)(iii) or (a)(1)(A) (iv), the individual has been sponsored (in such manner as the Secretary may by regulation require) by the institution at which the research or training under the Award will be conducted. An application for an Award shall be in such form, submitted in such manner, and contain such information, as the Secretary may by regulation prescribe. “(2) The award of National Research Service Awards by the Secretary under subsection (a) and the making of grants for such Awards shall be subject to review and approval by the appropriate advisory councils to the entities of the National Institutes of Health and the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration (A) whose activities relate to the research or training under the Awards, or (B) at which such research or training will be conducted. “(3) No grant may be made under subsection (a)(1)(B) unless an application therefor has been submitted to and approved by the Secretary. Such application shall be in such form, submitted in such manner, and contain such information, as the Secretary may by regulation prescribe. Subject to the provisions of this section other than paragraph (1) of this subsection, National Research Service Awards made under a grant under subsection (a)(1)(B) shall be made in accordance with such regulations as the Secretary shall prescribe. “(4) The period of any National Research Service Award made to any individual under subsection (a) may not exceed three years in the aggregate unless the Secretary for good cause shown waives the application of the three-year limit to such individual. 88 Stat. 344 “(5) National Research Service Awards shall provide for such stipends and allowances (including travel and subsistence expenses and dependency allowances) for the recipients of the Awards as the Secretary may deem necessary. A National Research Service Award made to an individual for research or research training at a non-Federal public or nonprofit private institution shall also provide for payments to be made to the institution for the cost of support services (including the cost of faculty salaries, supplies, equipment, general research support, and related items) provided such individual by such institution. The amount of any such payments to any institution shall be determined by the Secretary and shall bear a direct relationship to the reasonable costs of the institution for establishing and maintaining the quality of its biomedical and behavioral research and training programs. “(c) (1) (A) Each individual who receives a National Research Service Award shall, in accordance with paragraph (8), engage in— “(i) health research or teaching, “(ii) if authorized under subparagraph (B), serve as a member of the National Health Service Corps or serve in his specialty, or “(iii) if authorized under subparagraph (C), serve in a health related activity approved under that subparagraph, for a period computed in accordance with paragraph (2). “(B) Any individual who received a National Research Service Award and who is a physician, dentist, nurse, or other individual trained to provide health care directly to individual patients may, upon application to the Secretary, be authorized by the Secretary to— “(i) serve as a member of the National Health Service Corps, “(ii) serve in his specialty in private practice in a geographic area designated by the Secretary as requiring that specialty, or “(iii) provides services in his specialty for a health maintenance organization to which payments may be made under section 1876 of title X V I I I of the Social Security Act and which serves a medically underserved population (as defined in section 1302(7) of this Act), in lieu of engaging in health research or teaching if the Secretary determines that there are no suitable health research or teaching positions available to such individual. “(C) Where appropriate the Secretary may, upon application, authorize a recipient of a National Research Service Award, who is not trained to provide health care directly to individual patients, to engage in a health-related activity in lieu of engaging in health research or teaching if the Secretary determines that there are no suitable health research or teaching positions available to such individual. “(2) For each year for which an individual receives a National Research Service Award he shall— “(A) for twelve months engage in health research or teaching or, if so authorized, serve as a member of the National Health Service Corps, or “(B) if authorized under paragraph (1)(B) or (1)(C), for twenty months serve in his specialty or engage in a health-related activity. “(3) The requirement of paragraph (1) shall be complied with by any individual to whom it applies within such reasonable period of time, after the completion of such individual’s Award, as the Secretary shall by regulation prescribe. The Secretary shall (A) by regulation prescribe (i) the type of research and teaching which an individual may engage in to comply with such requirement, and (ii)88 Stat. 345 such other requirements respecting such research and teaching and alternative service authorized under paragraphs (1) (B) and (1) (C) as he deems necessary; and (B) to the extent feasible, provide that the members of the National Health Service Corps who are serving in the Corps to meet the requirement of paragraph (1) shall be assigned to patient care and to positions which utilize the clinical training and experience of the members. “(4) (A) If any individual to whom the requirement of paragraph (1) is applicable fails, within the period prescribed by paragraph (ں), to comply with such requirement, the United States shall be entitled to recover from such individual an amount determined in accordance with the formula—A=ϕ(t−1/2st) in which ‘A’ is the amount the United States is entitled to recover; ‘ϕ’ is the sum of the total amount paid under one or more National Research Service Awards to such individual and the interest on such amount which would be payable if at the time it was paid it was a loan bearing interest at a rate fixed by the Secretary of the Treasury after taking into consideration private consumer rates of interest prevailing at the time each Award to such individual was made; ‘t’ is the total number of months in such individual’s service obligation; and ‘s’ is the number of months of such obligation served by him in accordance with paragraphs (1) and (2) of this subsection. “(B) Any amount which the United States is entitled to recover under subparagraph (A) shall, within the three-year period beginning on the date the United States becomes entitled to recover such amount, be paid to the United States. Until any amount due the United States under subparagraph (A) on account of any National Research Service Award is paid, there shall accrue to the United States interest on such amount at the same rate as that fixed by the Secretary of the Treasury under subparagraph (A) to determine the amount due the United States. “(4) (A) Any obligation of any individual under paragraph (3) shall be canceled upon the death of such individual. “(B) The Secretary shall by regulation provide for the waiver or suspension of any such obligation applicable to any individual whenever compliance by such individual is impossible or would involve extreme hardship to such individual and if enforcement of such obligation with respect to any individual would be against equity and good conscience. “(d) There are authorized to be appropriated to make payments under National Research Service Awards and under grants for such Awards $207,947,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1975. Of the sums appropriated under this subsection, not less than 25 per centum shall be made available for payments under National Research Service Awards provided by the Secretary under subsection (a)(1)(A). “studies respecting biomedical and behavioral research personnel “Sec. 473. (a) The Secretary shall, in accordance with subsection (b), arrange for the conduct of a continuing study to— “(1) establish (A) the Nation’s overall need for biomedical and behavioral research personnel, (B) the subject areas in which such personnel are needed and the number of such personnel needed in each such area, and (C) the kinds and extent of training which should be provided such personnel; 88 Stat. 346 “(2) assess (A) current training programs available for the training of biomedical and behavioral research personnel which are conducted under this Act at or through institutes under the National Institutes of Health and the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, and (B) other current training programs available for the training of such personnel; “(3) identify the kinds of research positions available to and held by individuals completing such programs; “(4) determine, to the extent feasible, whether the programs referred to in clause (B) of paragraph (2) would be adequate to meet the needs established under paragraph (1) if the programs referred to in clause (A) of paragraph (2) were terminated; and “(5) determine what modifications in the programs referred to in paragraph (2) are required to meet the needs established under paragraph (1). “(b) (1) The Secretary shall request the National Academy of Sciences to conduct the study required by subsection (a) under an arrangement under which the actual expenses incurred by such Academy in conducting such study will be paid by the Secretary, If the National Academy of Sciences is willing to do so, the Secretary shall enter into such an arrangement with such Academy for the conduct of such study. “(2) If the National Academy of Sciences is unwilling to conduct such study under such an arrangement, then the Secretary shall enter into a similar arrangement with other appropriate nonprofit private groups or associations under which such groups or associations will conduct such study and prepare and submit the reports thereon as provided in subsection (c). “(c) A report on the results of such study shall be submitted by the Secretary to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare of the Senate not later than March 31 of each year.”