PAYMENT FOR RENAL DIALYSIS SERVICES.

SEC. 623. PAYMENT FOR RENAL DIALYSIS SERVICES. (a) Increase in Renal Dialysis Composite Rate for Services Furnished.—The last sentence of section 1881(b)(7) (42 U.S.C. 1395rr(b)(7)) is amended—(1) by striking “and” before “for such services” the second place it appears;(2) by inserting “and before January 1, 2005,” after “January 1, 2001,”; and (3) by inserting before the period at the end the following: “, and for such services furnished on or after January 1, 2005, by 1.6 percent above such composite rate payment amounts for such services furnished on December 31, 2004”.(b) Restoring Composite Rate Exceptions for Pediatric Facilities.—(1) In general.—Section 422(a)(2) of BIPA is amended—(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking “and (C)” and inserting “, (C), and (D)”;(B) in subparagraph (B), by striking “In the case” and inserting “Subject to subparagraph (D), in the case”; and(C) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:“(D) Inapplicability to pediatric facilities.—Subparagraphs (A) and (B) shall not apply, as of October 1, 2002, to pediatric facilities that do not have an exception rate described in subparagraph (C) in effect on such date. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term ‘pediatric facility’ means a renal facility at least 50 percent of whose patients are individuals under 18 years of age.”.(2) Conforming amendment.—The fourth sentence of section 1881(b)(7) (42 U.S.C. 1395rr(b)(7)) is amended by striking “The Secretary” and inserting “Subject to section 422(a)(2) of the Medicare, Medicaid, and SCHIP Benefits Improvement and Protection Act of 2000, the Secretary”.(c) Inspector General Studies on ESRD Drugs.—(1) In general.—The Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services shall conduct two studies with respect to drugs and biologicals (including erythropoietin) furnished to end-stage renal disease patients under the medicare program which are separately billed by end stage renal disease facilities. (2) Studies on esrd drugs.—(A) Existing drugs.—The first study under paragraph (1) shall be conducted with respect to such drugs and biologicals for which a billing code exists prior to January 1, 2004.(B) New drugs.—The second study under paragraph (1) shall be conducted with respect to such drugs and biologicals for which a billing code does not exist prior to January 1, 2004.(3) Matters studied.—Under each study conducted under paragraph (1), the Inspector General shall—(A) determine the difference between the amount of payment made to end stage renal disease facilities under 117 STAT. 2313 title XVIII of the Social Security Act for such drugs and biologicals and the acquisition costs of such facilities for such drugs and biologicals and which are separately billed by end stage renal disease facilities, and (B) estimate the rates of growth of expenditures for such drugs and biologicals billed by such facilities. (4) Reports.—(A) Existing esrd drugs.—Not later than April 1, 2004, the Inspector General shall report to the Secretary on the study described in paragraph (2)(A).(B) New esrd drugs.—Not later than April 1, 2006, the Inspector General shall report to the Secretary on the study described in paragraph (2)(B).(d) Basic Case-Mix Adjusted Composite Rate for Renal Dialysis Facility Services.—(1) Section 1881(b) (42 U.S.C. 1395rr(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:“(12)(A) In lieu of payment under paragraph (7) beginning with services furnished on January 1, 2005, the Secretary shall establish a basic case-mix adjusted prospective payment system for dialysis services furnished by providers of services and renal dialysis facilities in a year to individuals in a facility and to such individuals at home. The case-mix under such system shall be for a limited number of patient characteristics.“(B) The system described in subparagraph (A) shall include—“(i) the services comprising the composite rate established under paragraph (7); and“(ii) the difference between payment amounts under this title for separately billed drugs and biologicals (including erythropoietin) and acquisition costs of such drugs and biologicals, as determined by the Inspector General reports to the Secretary as required by section 623(c) of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003—“(I) beginning with 2005, for such drugs and biologicals for which a billing code exists prior to January 1, 2004; and “(II) beginning with 2007, for such drugs and biologicals for which a billing code does not exist prior to January 1, 2004, adjusted to 2005, or 2007, respectively, as determined to be appropriate by the Secretary.“(C)(i) In applying subparagraph (B)(ii) for 2005, such payment amounts under this title shall be determined using the methodology specified in paragraph (13)(A)(i). “(ii) For 2006, the Secretary shall provide for an adjustment to the payments under clause (i) to reflect the difference between the payment amounts using the methodology under paragraph (13)(A)(i) and the payment amount determined using the methodology applied by the Secretary under paragraph (13)(A)(iii) of such paragraph, as estimated by the Secretary.“(D) The Secretary shall adjust the payment rates under such system by a geographic index as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. If the Secretary applies a geographic index under this paragraph that differs from the index applied under paragraph (7) the Secretary shall phase-in the application of the index under this paragraph over a multiyear period.117 STAT. 2314“(E)(i) Such system shall be designed to result in the same aggregate amount of expenditures for such services, as estimated by the Secretary, as would have been made for 2005 if this paragraph did not apply. “(ii) The adjustment made under subparagraph (B)(ii)(II) shall be done in a manner to result in the same aggregate amount of expenditures after such adjustment as would otherwise have been made for such services for 2006 or 2007, respectively, as estimated by the Secretary, if this paragraph did not apply. “(F) Beginning with 2006, the Secretary shall annually increase the basic case-mix adjusted payment amounts established under this paragraph, by an amount determined by—“(i) applying the estimated growth in expenditures for drugs and biologicals (including erythropoietin) that are separately billable to the component of the basic case-mix adjusted system described in subparagraph (B)(ii); and“(ii) converting the amount determined in clause (i) to an increase applicable to the basic case-mix adjusted payment amounts established under subparagraph (B).Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed as providing for an update to the composite rate component of the basic case-mix adjusted system under subparagraph (B).“(G) There shall be no administrative or judicial review under section 1869, section 1878, or otherwise, of the case-mix system, relative weights, payment amounts, the geographic adjustment factor, or the update for the system established under this paragraph, or the determination of the difference between medicare payment amounts and acquisition costs for separately billed drugs and biologicals (including erythropoietin) under this paragraph and paragraph (13).“(13)(A) The payment amounts under this title for separately billed drugs and biologicals furnished in a year, beginning with 2004, are as follows:“(i) For such drugs and biologicals (other than erythropoietin) furnished in 2004, the amount determined under section 1842(o)(1)(A)(v) for the drug or biological.“(ii) For such drugs and biologicals (including erythropoietin) furnished in 2005, the acquisition cost of the drug or biological, as determined by the Inspector General reports to the Secretary as required by section 623(c) of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003. Insofar as the Inspector General has not determined the acquisition cost with respect to a drug or biological, the Secretary shall determine the payment amount for such drug or biological.“(iii) For such drugs and biologicals (including erythropoietin) furnished in 2006 and subsequent years, such acquisition cost or the amount determined under section 1847A for the drug or biological, as the Secretary may specify. “(B)(i) Drugs and biologicals (including erythropoietin) which were separately billed under this subsection on the day before the date of the enactment of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 shall continue to be separately billed on and after such date. “(ii) Nothing in this paragraph, section 1842(o), section 1847A, or section 1847B shall be construed as requiring or authorizing 117 STAT. 2315 the bundling of payment for drugs and biologicals into the basic case-mix adjusted payment system under this paragraph.”. (2) Paragraph (7) of such section is amended in the first sentence by striking “The Secretary” and inserting “Subject to paragraph (12), the Secretary”.(3) Paragraph (11)(B) of such section is amended by inserting “subject to paragraphs (12) and (13)” before “payment for such item”.(e) Demonstration of Bundled Case-Mix Adjusted Payment System for ESRD Services.—(1) In general.—The Secretary shall establish a demonstration project of the use of a fully case-mix adjusted payment system for end stage renal disease services under section 1881 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395rr) for patient characteristics identified in the report under subsection (f) that bundles into such payment rates amounts for—(A) drugs and biologicals (including erythropoietin) furnished to end stage renal disease patients under the medicare program which are separately billed by end stage renal disease facilities (as of the date of the enactment of this Act); and(B) clinical laboratory tests related to such drugs and biologicals.(2) Facilities included in the demonstration.—In conducting the demonstration under this subsection, the Secretary shall ensure the participation of a sufficient number of providers of dialysis services and renal dialysis facilities, but in no case to exceed 500. In selecting such providers and facilities, the Secretary shall ensure that the following types of providers are included in the demonstration:(A) Urban providers and facilities. (B) Rural providers and facilities. (C) Not-for-profit providers and facilities. (D) For-profit providers and facilities. (E) Independent providers and facilities. (F) Specialty providers and facilities, including pediatric providers and facilities and small providers and facilities.(3) Temporary add-on payment for dialysis services furnished under the demonstration.—(A) In general.—During the period of the demonstration project, the Secretary shall increase payment rates that would otherwise apply under section 1881(b) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395rr(b)) by 1.6 percent for dialysis services furnished in facilities in the demonstration site.(B) Rules of construction.—Nothing in this subsection shall be construed as—(i) as an annual update under section 1881(b) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395rr(b));(ii) as increasing the baseline for payments under such section; or(iii) requiring the budget neutral implementation of the demonstration project under this subsection.(4) 3-year period.—The Secretary shall conduct the demonstration under this subsection for the 3-year period beginning on January 1, 2006.(5) Use of advisory board.—117 STAT. 2316(A) In general.—In carrying out the demonstration under this subsection, the Secretary shall establish an advisory board comprised of representatives described in subparagraph (B) to provide advice and recommendations with respect to the establishment and operation of such demonstration.(B) Representatives.—Representatives referred to in subparagraph (A) include representatives of the following:(i) Patient organizations.(ii) Individuals with expertise in end stage renal dialysis services, such as clinicians, economists, and researchers. (iii) The Medicare Payment Advisory Commission, established under section 1805 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395b–6).(iv) The National Institutes of Health.(v) Network organizations under section 1881(c) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395rr(c)).(vi) Medicare contractors to monitor quality of care.(vii) Providers of services and renal dialysis facilities furnishing end stage renal disease services.(C) Termination of advisory panel.—The advisory panel shall terminate on December 31, 2008.(6) Authorization of appropriations.—There are authorized to be appropriated, in appropriate part from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund, $5,000,000 in fiscal year 2006 to conduct the demonstration under this subsection.(f) Report on a Bundled Prospective Payment System for End Stage Renal Disease Services.—(1) Report.—(A) In general.—Not later than October 1, 2005, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report detailing the elements and features for the design and implementation of a bundled prospective payment system for services furnished by end stage renal disease facilities including, to the maximum extent feasible, bundling of drugs, clinical laboratory tests, and other items that are separately billed by such facilities. The report shall include a description of the methodology to be used for the establishment of payment rates, including components of the new system described in paragraph (2). (B) Recommendations.—The Secretary shall include in such report recommendations on elements, features, and methodology for a bundled prospective payment system or other issues related to such system as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.(2) Elements and features of a bundled prospective payment system.—The report required under paragraph (1) shall include the following elements and features of a bundled prospective payment system:(A) Bundle of items and services.—A description of the bundle of items and services to be included under the prospective payment system.(B) Case mix.—A description of the case-mix adjustment to account for the relative resource use of different types of patients.117 STAT. 2317(C) Wage index.—A description of an adjustment to account for geographic differences in wages.(D) Rural areas.—The appropriateness of establishing a specific payment adjustment to account for additional costs incurred by rural facilities. (E) Other adjustments.—Such other adjustments as may be necessary to reflect the variation in costs incurred by facilities in caring for patients with end stage renal disease. (F) Update framework.—A methodology for appropriate updates under the prospective payment system.(G) Additional recommendations.—Such other matters as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.