TRAINING AND EXERCISES.

SEC. 648. TRAINING AND EXERCISES.(a) National Training Program.—(1) In general.—Beginning not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator, in coordination with the heads of appropriate Federal agencies, the National Council on Disability, and the National Advisory Council, shall carry out a national training program to implement the national preparedness goal, National Incident Management System, National Response Plan, and other related plans and strategies.(2) Training partners.—In developing and implementing the national training program, the Administrator shall—(A) work with government training facilities, academic institutions, private organizations, and other entities that provide specialized, state-of-the-art training for emergency managers or emergency response providers; and(B) utilize, as appropriate, training courses provided by community colleges, State and local public safety academies, State and private universities, and other facilities.(b) National Exercise Program.—(1) In general.—Beginning not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator, in coordination with the heads of appropriate Federal agencies, the National Council on Disability, and the National Advisory Council, shall carry out a national exercise program to test and evaluate the national preparedness goal, National Incident Management System, National Response Plan, and other related plans and strategies.(2) Requirements.—The national exercise program—(A) shall be—(i) as realistic as practicable, based on current risk assessments, including credible threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences, and designed to stress the national preparedness system;(ii) designed, as practicable, to simulate the partial or complete incapacitation of a State, local, or tribal government;(iii) carried out, as appropriate, with a minimum degree of notice to involved parties regarding the timing and details of such exercises, consistent with safety considerations;(iv) designed to provide for systematic evaluation of readiness; and120 STAT. 1428(v) designed to address the unique requirements of populations with special needs; and(B) shall provide assistance to State, local, and tribal governments with the design, implementation, and evaluation of exercises that—(i) conform to the requirements under subparagraph (A);(ii) are consistent with any applicable State, local, or tribal strategy or plan; and(iii) provide for systematic evaluation of readiness.(3) National level exercises.—The Administrator shall periodically, but not less than biennially, perform national exercises for the following purposes:(A) To test and evaluate the capability of Federal, State, local, and tribal governments to detect, disrupt, and prevent threatened or actual catastrophic acts of terrorism, especially those involving weapons of mass destruction.(B) To test and evaluate the readiness of Federal, State, local, and tribal governments to respond and recover in a coordinated and unified manner to catastrophic incidents.