findings

findings Sec. 2. The Congress hereby finds that— (1) historically, railroads were the essential factor in the national transportation system; (2) the enactment of the Interstate Commerce Act was essential to prevent an abuse of monopoly power by railroads and to establish and maintain a national railroad network; (3) today, most transportation within the United States is competitive; (4) many of the Government regulations affecting railroads have become unnecessary and inefficient; (5) nearly two-thirds of the Nation's intercity freight is transported by modes of transportation other than railroads; (6) earnings by the railroad industry are the lowest of any transportation mode and are insufficient to generate funds for necessary capital improvements; (7) by 1985, there will be a capital shortfall within the railroad industry of between $16,000,000,000 and $20,000,000,000; (8) failure to achieve increased earnings within the railroad industry will result in either further deterioration of the rail system or the necessity for additional Federal subsidy; and (9) modernization of economic regulation for the railroad industry with a greater reliance on the marketplace is essential in order to achieve maximum utilization of railroads to save energy and combat inflation.