HAR §4-4l-45. Standards for Hawaii-grown leaf lettuce

(a) As used in this section: "Damage" means any defect or combination of defects which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the lettuce. "Fairly clean" means the appearance of the plant is not materially affected by the presence of dirt or other foreign material. "Fresh" means the leaves are not wilted. "Similar varietal characteristics" means the plants in any lot have no distinct head formation and are of the same general type. "Well grown" means the plants are not stunted or poorly developed. "Well trimmed" means the butt is trimmed off neatly close to the point of attachment of the first whorl of leaves and leaves which are more than slightly bleached or discolored have been removed. (b) Hawaii No. l (Hawaii Grade A) leaf lettuce consists of Hawaii-grown leaf lettuce of similar varietal characteristics which are fresh, well trimmed, well grown, and fairly clean; and which are free from decay and seedstem and from damage caused by coarse stem, bleached or discolored leaves, sprayburn, wilting, freezing, insects, or mechanical or other means. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading and handling, not more than a total of ten per cent, by count, of the lettuce in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than two per cent may be affected by soft rot. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §l47-4) (Imp: HRS §l47-4) §4-4l-46 Standards for Hawaii-grown in-shell macadamia nuts. (a)As used in this section: "Clean" means the shell is practically free from dirt or other foreign material, or the general appearance of the lot is not more than appreciably affected by dirt or other foreign material. "Damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the in-shell macadamia nuts: §4-41- 41-81 (l) Shell defects: (A) Adhering husk, when more than ten per cent of the shell surface is covered with husk; (B) Crack, when open or exceeds one-half the long axis of the nut; (C) Holes and punctures, when extending through the shell to the kernel; (D) Rodent injury, when the shell shows evidence of gnawing; or (E) Surface mold, when conspicuous; and (2) Kernel defects: (A) Discolored area, when any markedly discolored spot is present, or any more than slightly discolored spot exceeds an area 3/32 inch in diameter, or any more than slightly discolored spot exceeds one-eighth inch in length or width, or a markedly discolored ring is present, or speckles that affect appearance more than slightly are present; or (B) Insect scar, when any feeding scar exceeds an area 3/32 inch in diameter, or two or more scars are present within a one-half inch area. "Diameter" means the shortest axis of the nut. "Doubles" means the nuts that result when two nuts have a common husk. "Dry" means the shell is free from surface moisture. "Insect infestation" means an insect or insect fragment, web, or frass is present within the nut. "Loose extraneous or foreign material" means loose pieces of husk or shell, empty shell, plant material, and substance other than macadamia nuts in the shell. "Off-odor or off-flavor by any cause" means the macadamia nut kernel possesses an odor or flavor which is not characteristic of macadamia nuts and which appreciably affects the eating quality of the kernel. "Serious damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the in-shell macadamia nuts: (l) Discolored area on kernel, when any markedly discolored or prominent spot (abnormalities such as an area encircled by a reddish brown §4-41- 41-82 line) or an aggregate of such spots within a one-half inch area exceeds an area 3/16 inch in diameter, or speckles that seriously affect appearance are present; (2) Insect scar on kernel, when any feeding scar or an aggregate of such scars within a one- half inch area exceeds an area one-eighth inch in diameter; or (3) Shriveling, when excessive. "Similar varietal characteristics" means the macadamia nuts have similar shape and shell texture; for example, smooth-shell type nuts shall not be mixed with rough-shell type in any lot. "Well developed" means the kernel is plump and not shriveled or excessively soft. (b) Hawaii No. l (Hawaii Grade A) in-shell macadamia nut consists of Hawaii-grown husked in-shell macadamia nuts of similar varietal characteristics which are more than five-eighths inch in diameter and free from doubles, live insect, and loose extraneous or foreign material; which have shells that are clean, dry, and free from damage caused by rodents, adhering husk, cracks, holes or punctures, surface mold, or other means; and which have kernels that are well developed and free from mold, decay, rodent injury, off-odor or off-flavor by any cause, and insect infestation and from damage caused by insect scar, discolored area, or other means. The average moisture content of the kernels shall not exceed three per cent, by weight. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (l) For shell requirements, not more than five per cent, by gross in-shell weight, of the macadamia nuts in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade; (2) For kernel requirements, not more than a total of ten per cent, by gross kernel weight, of the kernels in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than a total of three per cent of the kernels may be affected by mold, decay, rodent injury, insect infestation other than live insect, off-odor or off-flavor by any cause, or serious damage other than by insect scar, not more than two per cent may be affected by serious damage by insect scar, and no live insect shall be permitted; and §4-41- 41-83 (3) For other requirements, not more than three per cent, by gross in-shell weight, of the macadamia nuts in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-third of this amount, or one per cent, shall be allowed for loose extraneous or foreign material, and no live insect shall be permitted. (c) Tolerances provided in these standards are on a lot basis and shall be applied to a composite sample representative of the lot; however, any identifiable container or group of containers in which the macadamia nuts are obviously of a quality materially inferior from the majority of the containers in the lot shall be considered as a separate lot. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am 1/16/84; am and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §147-4) (Imp: HRS §147-4) §4-41-47 Standards for Hawaii-grown shelled macadamia nuts. (a) As used in this section: "Clean" means the kernel is practically free from dirt or other foreign material, or the general appearance of the lot is not more than appreciably affected by dirt or other foreign or extraneous substance. "Damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the shelled macadamia nuts: (1) Adhering shell, when shell specks affect the appearance or eating quality more than slightly, or any shell piece present exceeds 1/32 inch both in length and width; (2) Dark center, when the naturally exposed kernel center is appreciably dark or discolored; (3) Discolored area, when any markedly discolored spot is present or any more than slightly discolored spot exceeds an area 3/32 inch in diameter, or any more than slightly discolored spot exceeds and area one-eighth inch in length or width, or a markedly discolored ring is present, or speckles affecting appearance more than slightly are present; or §4-41- 41-84 (4) Insect scar, when any feeding scar present exceeds an area 3/32 inch in diameter, or there are two or more feeding scars within a one-half inch area. "Dry" means the kernel is free from surface moisture. "Half kernel" means the approximate half of a whole kernel with not more than one-eighth of its mass chipped off or missing. "Insect infestation" means an insect or insect fragment, web, or frass is present. "Loose extraneous material" means any loose substance which will pass through a 3/32 inch square opening in styles I, II, III, and IV. "Loose foreign matter" means any loose substance, other than macadamia kernels, which will not pass through a 1/16 inch square opening. "Off-odor or off-flavor by any cause" means the macadamia nut kernel possesses an odor or flavor which is not characteristic of macadamia nuts and which appreciably affects the eating quality of the kernel. "Serious damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the shelled macadamia nuts: (1) Adhering shell, when shell specks seriously affect the appearance or eating quality, or any shell piece exceeding an area 1/16 inch in diameter is present; (2) Dark center, when the naturally exposed kernel center is markedly dark or discolored; (3) Discolored area, when any dark brown or black spot or an aggregate of such spots within a one-half inch area exceeds an area 1/16 inch in diameter, or any markedly discolored or prominent spot (abnormalities such as an area encircled by a reddish brown line) or an aggregate of such spots within a one-half inch area exceeds an area 3/16 inch in diameter, or speckles seriously affecting appearance are present; (4) Insect scar, when any feeding scar or an aggregate of such scars within a one-half inch area exceeds an area one-eighth inch in diameter; or (5) Shriveling, when the kernel is excessively shriveled. §4-41- 41-85 "Well developed" means the kernel is plump and not shriveled or excessively soft. "Whole kernel" means the kernel is not split or separated into halves, and the kernel contour is not more than materially affected by a missing portion or portions, and not more than one-fourth of the kernel is chipped off or missing. (b) Hawaii No. 1 (Hawaii Grade A) shelled macadamia nut consists of Hawaii-grown macadamia nut kernels which are well developed, clean, and dry; and which are free from loose extraneous material, mold, decay, insect infestation, rodent injury, off-odor or off-flavor by any cause, hollow center, and loose foreign material and from damage caused by adhering shell, insect scar, discolored area, dark center, or other means. The average moisture content of the kernels shall not exceed one and one-half per cent, by weight. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For all defects, not more than a total of five per cent of the kernels in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade; (2) For dirt, mold, decay, and serious damage, not more than one per cent of the kernels in any lot may be affected; (3) For loose extraneous material, not more than one-half of one per cent of the kernels in any lot may be affected; (4) For insect infestation and off-odor or off- flavor, not more than one-tenth of one per cent of the kernels in any lot may be insect infested and not more than one-tenth of one per cent of the kernels may be affected by off-odor or off-flavor, provided there shall be no tolerance for live insect; and (5) For loose foreign matter, the amount present shall not exceed one-tenth of one per cent. (c) Tolerances provided in this section are on a lot basis and shall be applied to a composite sample representative of a lot; provided, any identifiable container or group of containers in which the macadamia nuts are obviously of a quality materially inferior from the majority of the containers in the lot shall be considered a separate lot. (d) The style of shelled macadamia nuts shall be specified in accordance with the following §4-41- 41-86 requirements, based on weight, for which no part of any tolerance shall be allowed: (1) Style I (wholes) shall consist of not less than ninety per cent whole kernels with the remaining units of such size that not more than one per cent will pass through a one- fourth inch square opening; (2) Style II (wholes and halves) shall consist of at least fifty per cent whole kernels with the remaining units of such size that not more than two per cent will pass through a 5/16 inch square opening; (3) Style III (cocktail) shall consist of at least ninety per cent half or larger kernels, included therein at least twenty-five per cent whole kernels, with the remaining units of such size that not more than two per cent will pass through a one-fourth inch square opening; (4) Style IV (halves and pieces) shall consist of at least fifty per cent half kernels with the remaining units of such size that not more than two per cent will pass through a one- fourth inch square opening, and not more than five per cent are larger than half kernels; (5) Style V (large diced) shall consist of units which are smaller than half kernels but of such size that not more than five per cent will pass through a 5/16 inch by one inch opening, included therein not more than two per cent that will pass through a 3/32 inch square opening; (6) Style VI (chips) shall consist of units of such size that at least ninety-five per cent will pass through a 5/16 inch by one inch opening but not more than two per cent will pass through a 3/32 inch square opening; (7) Style VII (bits, diced) shall consist of units which are smaller than half kernels and of such size that at least ninety-five per cent will pass through a 5/16 inch square opening but not more than ten per cent will pass through a 3/32 inch square opening; and (8) Style VIII (fines) shall consist of broken, chipped, or chopped kernels of such size that all units will pass through a one-fourth inch square opening and most will also pass through a 3/32 inch square opening. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am 1/16/84; am §4-41- 41-87 and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §147-4) (Imp: HRS §147-4)