Definitions

Section 14.105  Definitions For purposes of this Part, the words, terms, and phrases listed shall have the meanings ascribed to them as follows: "Act" means the Illinois Aeronautics Act [620 ILCS 5]. "Administrator" means the Federal Aviation Administrator or any person to whom he or she has delegated his or her authority in the matter concerned. (See 14 CFR 1.1 (January 1, 2017).) "Aerobatic Flight" means maneuvers intentionally performed by an aircraft involving an abrupt change in attitude or an abnormal attitude or acceleration not necessary for normal flight. "Aeronautics" means transportation by aircraft; the operation, construction, repair or maintenance of aircraft, aircraft power plants, and accessories, including the repair, packing, and maintenance of parachutes; the design, establishment, construction, extension, operation, improvement, repair, or maintenance of airports, restricted landing areas, or other air navigation facilities and air instruction.  (See Section 2 of the Act.) "Air Navigation" means the operation or navigation of aircraft in the airspace over this State, or upon any airport or restricted landing area within this State.  Air navigation does not mean the taxiing of aircraft on the ground for repositioning or maintenance purposes.  (See Section 10 of the Act.) "Air Navigation Facility" means any facility other than one owned or controlled by the federal government, used in, available for use in, or designed for use in, aid of air navigation, including airports, heliports/vertiports, restricted landing areas, and any structures, mechanisms, lights, beacons, marks, communicating systems, or other instruments or devices used or useful as an aid, or constituting an advantage or convenience, to the safe takeoff, navigation, and landing of aircraft, or the safe and efficient operation or maintenance of an airport, heliport/vertiport, or restricted landing area, and any combination of any or all such facilities.  (See Section 9 of the Act.) "Aircraft" means any device used or designed to carry humans in flight as specified by the Division in this Part.  All devices required to be licensed as "aircraft" by the FAA on the effective date of this Part are "aircraft".  The Division has, by Subpart J, specified the extent to which aircraft not required to be licensed by the FAA are subject to the provisions of this Part. (See Section 3 of the Act.) "Airman" means any individual who operates or is licensed to operate an aircraft in flight.  Airman as used in this Part also means pilot.  (See Section 12 of the Act.) "Airplane" means an engine-driven fixed-wing aircraft heavier than air, that is supported in flight by the dynamic reaction of the air against its wings. (See 14 CFR 1.1 (January 1, 2017).) "Airport" means: any area of land, water, or both, except a restricted landing area, that is designed for the landing and takeoff of aircraft, whether or not facilities are provided for the shelter, servicing, or repair of aircraft, or for receiving or discharging passengers or cargo; all appurtenant areas used or suitable for airport buildings or other airport facilities; and all appurtenant rights-of-way, whether established before or after the effective date of this Part.  (Various airport classifications may be found in Subpart E, Subpart F, and Subpart H.)  (See Section 6 of the Act.) "Airport Hazard" means any structure, object of natural growth, or use of land that obstructs the airspace required for the flight of aircraft in landing or takeoff at any airport or restricted landing area or is otherwise hazardous to the landing or takeoff of aircraft.  (See Section 22 of the Act.) "Applicant" means, but is not limited to, the person, trust, company, governmental body, corporation, limited liability company, or association to whom a Certificate of Approval may be issued. "Certificate Holder" means, but is not limited to, the person, trust, company, governmental body, corporation, limited liability company, or association to whom a Certificate of Approval has been issued. "Certificate of Approval" means a certificate issued by the Division approving the operation of an airport or restricted landing area as specified by the Division. "Certificate of Registration" means a certificate issued by the Division indicating that, for purposes of Subpart B, an individual has registered his or her FAA license, certificate or permit with the Division for his or her aircraft; and, for purposes of Subpart C, means a certificate issued by the Division indicating that an individual has registered his current and appropriate FAA issued pilot certificate with the Division. "Civil Aircraft" means any aircraft other than a public aircraft.  (See Section 5 of the Act.) "Department" means the Illinois Department of Transportation. "Design Helicopter" or "VTOL Aircraft" means a generic rotorcraft or vertical takeoff or landing (VTOL) aircraft that reflects the maximum size of all helicopters/VTOL aircraft expected to operate at the heliport/vertiport. "Displaced Threshold" means a threshold that has been displaced to provide for obstruction clearance.  The portion of runway behind a displaced threshold may be available for takeoffs in either direction or landings from the opposite direction. "Division" means the Illinois Department of Transportation, Division of Aeronautics, 1 Langhorne Bond Drive, Capital Airport, Springfield, Illinois  62707-8415. "FAA" means the Federal Aviation Administration. "Final Approach and Takeoff Area" or "FATO" means a defined object-free area over which the final phase of the approach to a hover, or a landing, is completed and from which the takeoff is initiated. "Flight Instruction" means the imparting of aeronautical knowledge by an FAA authorized flight instructor specifically involving the actual flight of an aircraft, or by an FAA sanctioned flight instructor involving the actual flight of an Ultralight training aircraft. "Fly-In Event" means any congregation of aircraft, other than based aircraft, in excess of six aircraft. "Heliport/Vertiport" means a generic reference to the area of land, water or structure used, or intended to be used, for the landing and takeoff of helicopters/VTOL aircraft, together with associated buildings and facilities. "Helistop/Vertistop" means a minimally developed helicopter/VTOL aircraft facility for boarding and discharging passengers or cargo.  The heliport/helistop, vertiport/vertistop relationship is comparable to a bus terminal-bus stop relationship with respect to the extent of services provided or expected. "Hospital Heliport/Vertiport" means a heliport/vertiport limited to serving only helicopters/VTOL aircraft engaged in air ambulance, or hospital related functions. "IFR" means instrument flight rules. "Landing Strip" means a portion of the usable area within an airport boundary that either in its natural state or as a result of construction work is suitable for the landing and takeoff of aircraft. "Modification" means any change to the Certificate of Approval as originally issued by the Division, including, but not limited to, extension or alteration of the airport or restricted landing area, change in ownership, change in classification, or change in status. "Municipality" means any county, city, village, or town of this State and any other political subdivision, public corporation, authority, or district in this State, or any combination of two or more of the same that is or may be authorized by law to acquire, establish, construct, maintain, improve, and operate airports and other air navigation facilities.  (See Section 20 of the Act.) "Notice" means a legal document prepared by the Division, to be published in a newspaper in the county in which the airport or restricted landing area sought to be established, altered, or extended is, or is proposed to be, located, indicating that the Division intends to enter an Order regarding the application for the proposed airport or restricted landing area, or the alteration or extension thereof.  (See Section 60 of the Act.) "Nuisance" means operating an aircraft in an annoying or vexatious manner. "Operation of Aircraft or Operate Aircraft" means the use of aircraft for the purpose of air navigation, and includes the navigation or piloting of aircraft.  Any person who causes or authorizes such use of aircraft, whether with or without the right of legal control (in the capacity of owner, lessee, or otherwise) of the aircraft, shall be deemed to be engaged in the operation of aircraft.  Operation of aircraft does not mean ground movement for repositioning or maintenance purposes.  (See Section 11 of the Act.) "Order" means a legal document prepared by the Division, to be published in a newspaper in the county in which the airport or restricted landing area sought to be established, altered, or extended is, or is proposed to be, located, that may either grant or deny an application for a Certificate of Approval.  If granted, the Order allows the applicant to begin construction of the proposed airport or restricted landing area, or the alteration or extension thereof.  (See Section 60 of the Act.) "Person" means, but is not limited to, any individual, firm, partnership, corporation, company, limited liability company, association, joint stock association, joint venture, public service corporation, or body politic; and includes any trustee, receiver, assignee, or other similar representative.  (See Section 17 of the Act.) "Pilot" means airman. "Pilot-in-Command" means the person who: has final authority and responsibility for the operation and safety of the flight; has been designated as pilot-in- command before or during the flight; and holds the appropriate category, class, and type rating, if appropriate, for the conduct of the flight. "Powered Parachute" means a powered aircraft comprised of a flexible or semi-rigid wing connected to a fuselage so that the wing is not in position for flight until the aircraft is in motion.  The fuselage of a powered parachute contains the aircraft engine and a seat for each occupant, and is attached to the aircraft's landing gear.  (See 14 CFR 1.1 (January 1, 2017).) "Private Use" means that an airport is not open to the general public.  Use is limited to the Certificate Holder and any other users as authorized by the Certificate Holder. "Public Aircraft" means an aircraft used exclusively in the service of any government or of any political subdivision thereof, including the government of any state, territory, or possession of the United States, or the District of Columbia, but not including any government aircraft engaged in carrying persons or property for commercial purposes.  (See Section 4 of the Act.) "Public Use" means that an airport is open to the general public. "Restricted Landing Area" or "RLA" means any area of land, water, or both that is used or is made available for the landing and takeoff of aircraft that is intended for private use.  (See Section 8 of the Act.) "Rotorcraft" means a heavier-than-air aircraft that depends principally for its support in flight on the lift generated by one or more rotors. (See 14 CFR 1.1 (January 1, 2017).) "Runway" means the paved, hard surfaced, or stabilized central portion of a landing strip. "Runway Protection Zone" means a defined area off the end of a runway that is clear of incompatible objects and activities. "Runway Safety Area" or "RSA" means a defined surface surrounding the runway prepared or suitable for reducing the risk of damage to airplanes in the event of an undershoot, overshoot, or excursion from the runway. "Sea Lane" means a water landing and departure surface. "Seaplane" means all aircraft designed for water operations and includes amphibious aircraft when they are operating on water. "Special Purpose Aircraft" means the following: manned balloons, lighter-than-air aircraft, seaplanes, sailplanes, gliders and other powerless aircraft, heavier-than-air aircraft, agricultural aircraft during the time used solely for agriculture applications, helicopters/VTOL aircraft, and any other aircraft as designated by the Division.  Use and limitations provisions for special purpose aircraft are contained in Subpart I. "State" or "this State" means the State of Illinois.  (See Section 7 of the Act.) "STOL" means short takeoff and landing. "STOL Operation" means the operation of an aircraft, at some weight within its approved operating weight, in compliance with applicable federal STOL standards, characteristics, and airworthiness. "Stopway" means a defined rectangular surface beyond the end of a runway, prepared or suitable for use in lieu of a runway, to support an airplane without causing structural damage to the airplane during an aborted takeoff. "Threshold" means the beginning of that portion of runway available for landing.  In some instances the landing threshold may be displaced. "TLOF" means Touch Down and Lift-off Area, commonly referred to as a helipad and normally centered in a Final Approach and Takeoff Area (FATO). "Ultralight" means any aircraft intended to be used by a single occupant for recreation or sport purposes only, does not have an airworthiness certificate, weighs less than 155 pounds if non-powered, or if powered, weighs less than 254 pounds empty weight, excluding floats and safety devices which are intended for deployment in a potentially catastrophic situation, has fuel capacity not exceeding five U.S. gallons, is not capable of more than 55 knots calibrated air speed at full power in level flight, and has a power-off stall speed that does not exceed 24 knots calibrated air speed. "Ultralight Trainer" means any aircraft that does not have an airworthiness certificate, is used or intended to be used in the air for training Ultralight pilots, and meets the requirements for operating under an FAA approved Ultralight training exemption. "Unmanned Aircraft" means an aircraft, as defined at 14 CFR 1.1 (January 1, 2017), operated without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft. "Vertiport" means, for the purposes of this Part, a heliport. "VFR" means visual flight rules. "Wind Indicator" means tetrahedron, wind tee, or wind cone (windsock).