LAC 48:I.2303. Female Genital System Treatments and Procedures

A. Abdominal Hysterectomy (Removal of Womb Resulting in Sterility) 1. uncontrollable leakage of urine; 2. injury to bladder; 3. death; 4. injury to the tube (ureter) between the kidney and the bladder; 5. injury to the bowel and/or intestinal obstruction; 6. infection; 7. damage to major blood vessels, hemorrhage, need for transfusion of blood products; 8. painful intercourse; 9. ovarian failure requiring hormone administration; 10. pulmonary embolism (blood clot from pelvis or legs that moves to lungs); 11. formation of fistula (leakage of urine or bowel contents through vagina); 12. unsatisfactory sexual function; 13. bleeding; 14. failure of wound to heal; 15. permanent and disfiguring scarring. B. Vaginal Hysterectomy (removal of womb resulting in sterility) 1. uncontrollable leakage of urine; 2. injury to bladder; 3. death; 4. injury to the tube (ureter) between the kidney and the bladder; 5. injury to the bowel and/or intestinal obstruction; 6. infection; 7. damage to major blood vessels, hemorrhage, need for transfusion of blood products; 8. painful intercourse; 9. ovarian failure requiring hormone administration; 10. pulmonary embolism (blood clot from pelvis or legs that moves to lungs); 11. formation of fistula (leakage of urine or bowel contents through vagina); 12. unsatisfactory sexual function; 13. bleeding; 14. failure of wound to heal; 15. permanent and disfiguring scarring; 16. completion of operation resulting in abdominal incision. C. All Fallopian Tube and Ovarian Surgery with or without Hysterectomy, including Removal and Lysis of Adhesions 1. injury to the bowel and/or bladder; 2. sterility; 3. failure to obtain fertility (if applicable); 4. failure to obtain sterility (if applicable); 5. loss of ovarian functions or hormone production from ovary(ies); 6. injury to ureter; 7. injury to major blood vessels, hemorrhage, need for transfusion of blood products; 8. failure to remove entire ovary possibly requiring further surgery (ovarian remnant syndrome); 9. pulmonary embolism. D. Abdominal Endoscopy (Peritoneoscopy, Laparoscopy) 1. puncture of the bowel or blood vessel; 2. abdominal infection and complications of infection; 3. abdominal incision and operation to correct injury; 4. injury to bladder; 5. injury to ureter; 6. possible air embolus. E. Removing Fibroids (Uterine Myomectomy) 1. uncontrolled leakage of urine; 2. injury to bladder; 3. sterility; 4. injury to the tube (ureter) between the kidney and the bladder; 5. injury to the bowel and/or intestinal obstruction; 6. pulmonary embolism. F. Uterine Suspension 1. uncontrollable leakage of urine; 2. injury to bladder; 3. sterility; 4. injury to the tube (ureter) between the kidney and the bladder; 5. injury to the bowel and/or intestinal obstruction; 6. painful intercourse; 7. pulmonary embolism. G. Removal of the Nerves to the Uterus (Presacral Neurectomy) 1. uncontrollable leakage of urine; 2. injury to bladder; 3. sterility; 4. injury to the tube (ureter) between the kidney and the bladder; 5. injury to the bowel and/or intestinal obstruction; 6. hemorrhage, complications of hemorrhage with additional operation. H. Removal of the Cervix 1. uncontrolled leakage of urine; 2. injury to bladder; 3. sterility; 4. injury to the tube (ureter) between the kidney and the bladder; 5. injury to the bowel and/or intestinal obstruction; 6. completion of operation by abdominal incision; 7. pulmonary embolism. I. Repair of Vaginal Hernia (Anterior and/or Posterior Colporrhaphy and/or Enterocele Repair) 1. uncontrolled leakage of urine; 2. injury to bladder; 3. sterility; 4. injury to the tube (ureter) between the kidney and the bladder; 5. injury to the bowel and/or intestinal obstruction; 6. risk of hemorrhage; 7. risk of infection; 8. painful intercourse; 9. risk of formation of fistula between the urinary tract and vagina or intestinal tract and the vagina; 10. difficulty urinating; 11. pulmonary embolism; J. Abdominal Suspension of the Bladder (Retropubic Urethropexy) 1. uncontrolled leakage of urine; 2. injury to the bladder; 3. injury to the tube (ureter) between the kidney and the bladder; 4. injury to the bowel and/or intestinal obstruction; 5. painful inflammation or destruction of pubic bone (osteitis pubis); 6. risk of infection; 7. risk of damage to urethra; 8. risk of difficulty urinating; 9. Pulmonary embolism; K. Conization of Cervix 1. hemorrhage with possible hysterectomy to control; 2. sterility; 3. injury to bladder; 4. injury to rectum; 5. failure of procedure to remove all of cervical abnormality; 6. scar tissue formation of mouth of womb (cervical stenosis); 7. weakening of mouth of womb resulting in miscarriage with future pregnancies (incompetent cervix); 8. pulmonary embolism. L. Dilation and Curettage of Uterus (Diagnostic) 1. hemorrhage with possible hysterectomy; 2. perforation of the uterus; 3. sterility; 4. injury to bowel and/or bladder; 5. abdominal incision and operation to correct injury; 6. formation of scar tissue in uterine cavity (Ashermann Syndrome). M. Dilation and Curettage of Uterus (Obstetrical) 1. hemorrhage with possible hysterectomy; 2. perforation of the uterus; 3. sterility; 4. injury to bowel and/or bladder; 5. abdominal incision and operation to correct injury; 6. formation of scar tissue in uterine cavity (Ashermann Syndrome); 7. failure to remove all products of conception.