LAC 28:CLXIX.2305. Writing Standards

A. Write multi-paragraph arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence. 1. Provide a thesis statement that introduces precise, knowledgeable claim(s), establishes the significance of the claim(s), distinguishes the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and establishes an organizational structure that logically sequences claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence. 2. Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly and thoroughly, supplying the most relevant evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both in a manner that anticipates the audience’s knowledge level, concerns, values, and possible presumptions. 3. Use words, phrases, and clauses as well as varied syntax to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims. 4. Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are writing. 5. Provide a concluding section that follows from and supports the argument presented and connects the argument to larger themes or topics. B. Write multi-paragraph informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas, concepts, and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content. 1. Provide a thesis statement that introduces a topic clearly, provides a general observation and focus, and groups related information logically. 2. Develop the topic thoroughly by selecting the most significant and relevant facts, extended definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples appropriate to the audience’s knowledge of the topic. 3. Use appropriate and varied transitions and syntax to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships among complex ideas and concepts. 4. Use precise language, domain-specific vocabulary, and literary or rhetorical techniques, as appropriate to the task and audience, to maintain clarity of complex topics. 5. Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are writing. 6. Provide a concluding section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented, articulating implications or the significance of the topic. 7. Organize complex ideas, concepts, and information so that each new element builds on that which precedes it to create a unified whole, including formatting, graphics, and multimedia when useful in aiding comprehension. C. Write multi-paragraph narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences. 1. Engage and orient the reader by setting out a problem, situation, or observation and its significance, establishing one or multiple point(s) of view, and introducing a narrator and/or characters; create a smooth progression of experiences or events. 2. Use narrative techniques appropriate to the task, such as dialogue, pacing, description, reflection, and multiple plot lines, to develop experiences, mood, tone, events, and/or characters. 3. Use a variety of techniques to sequence events so that they build on one another to create a coherent whole and build toward a particular tone and outcome (e.g., a sense of mystery, suspense, growth, or resolution). 4. Use precise words and phrases, telling details, and figurative and sensory language to convey a vivid picture of the experiences, events, setting, mood, tone and/or characters. 5. Provide an appropriate conclusion that follows from and reflects on what is experienced, observed, or resolved over the course of the narrative. D. Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience. E. Develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on addressing what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience. F. Use technology to produce, publish, and update individual or shared writing products in response to ongoing feedback, including new arguments or information. G. Conduct research to answer a question (including a self-generated question) or solve a problem; narrow or broaden the inquiry when appropriate; synthesize multiple sources on the subject, demonstrating understanding of the subject under investigation. H. Gather relevant information from multiple authoritative sources. 1. Use search terms effectively. 2. Assess the credibility and accuracy of each source. 3. Assess the strengths and limitations of each source in terms of the task, purpose, and audience. 4. Integrate information into the text selectively to maintain the flow of ideas, avoiding plagiarism. 5. Follow a standard format for citation. I. Draw relevant evidence from grade-appropriate literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research based on grade-level reading standards. J. Develop flexibility in writing by routinely engaging in the production of shorter and longer pieces for a range of tasks, purposes, and audiences.