940 CMR 15.00
The sale of travel services
940 CMR: OFFICE OF THE'~ATTORNEY GENERAL
940 C:MR 15.00:
THE SALE OF TRAVEL SERVICES
Section
15.01: General
15.02: Definitions
15.03: Misrepresentations Prohibited
15.04: Disclosures Required
15.05: Issuance ofTickets, Vouchers, Itineraries
15.06: Sellers of Travel Services Acting as Tour Operators
15.07: Sellers of Travel Services Acting as Travel Agents
15.08: Severability
The Attorney General promulgates 940 CMR 15.00 pursuant to M.G.L. c. 93A, § 2(c) for
the purpose of defining and outlawing certain unfair or deceptive practices in the sale of travel
services to the public.
15.0I · General
(1) Violation of any provision of940 CMR 15.00 shall be an unfair or deceptive act or practice,
under M.G.L. c. 93A, § 2(a).
(2) The provisions of940 CMR 15.00 shall not apply where preempted by federal law.
(3) The effective date of940 CMR 15.00 sha11 be July 1, 1996.
15.02· Definitions
As used in 940 CMR 15.00, the following words shall have the following meanings:
Seller of Travel Services: a person, business entity, or other legal entity that sells, provides,
contracts for, or arranges travel services, or that represents that it sells, provides, contracts for,
or arranges travel services, including but not limited to travel agents, tour ol'lerators, ocean cruise
companies, charter companies, providers of travel certificates, and operators of vacation clubs.
However, the definition of seller of travel services does not include any person, business entity
or other legal entity whose business is limited to providing railway service, taxi cab service, non-
charter bus service, non-charter water ferry service, commuter transportation, or local
sightseeing service; nor does it include any person or entity whose business is limited to renting,
leasing or selling transportation vehicles; nor does it include any governmental entity.
Ticket or voucher: a writing or combination of writings sufficient to obtain the travel services
for which a consumer has contracted or paid.
Iour Operator: a seller of travel services that creates and sells travel packages, either directly
to the public or indirectly to the public through any other seller of travel services.
Irayel A~ent: a seller of travel services selling directly to the public, acting with or without any
prior agreement as a formal or informal agent, booking agent, broker, sales representative,
marketer or retailer of a travel package assembled by any other seller of travel services, or acting
as a retailer of individual travel services.
Travel Certificate: any writing or computerized document the terms of which entitle the holder
to obtain travel services.
J:r;i,yel Packa~: any combination of travel services offered for sale as a unit, including ocean
cruise services.
Travel Servi~: the provision of transportation by air, sea, or land, or the provision of other
goods or services related to recreational, cultural or educational travel, including but not limited
to lodging, food, guided tours, or instruction. For th'! purpose of940 CMR 15.00 the de:finition
of travel services does not include services provided to a business traveler on a business trip.
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940 CMR: OFFICE OF THE ATTOR..NEY GENERAL
15.02: continued
Vacation Club: any membership organization the primary purpose of which is to sell, arrange,
or otherwise provide travel services to its members.
15 03 · Misrepresentations Prohibited
( l) No seller of travel services may represent in any manner, either directly to the public, or
through any type of marketing, or through another seller of travel services, that it can sell,
provide, contract for, or arrange any particular travel service to consumers, where the seller
knows or has reason to know that:
(a) the particular travel service is not available, or
(b) the seller is not in a position to sell, provide, contract for or arrange the travel service
as represented.
(2) No seller of travel services may make any representation, either directly to the public, or
through any type of marketing, or through any other seller of travel services, about any travel
service it offers to sell, provide, contract for, or arrange, either directly or by implication, that
has the capacity or tendency to deceive or mislead a consumer, or that has the effect of deceiving
or misleading a consumer, in any material respect, including but not limited to the total price of
any travel services; the scheduled date, time or location of any departure or arrival; the planned
mode(s) of transportation; the planned provider(s) of transportation; the name, location, or
amenities of any lodging; the tenns of any substitution policy of any seller of travel services that
may apply to a consumer's purchase of travel services; the tenns of any insurance policy offered
by or through the seller of travel services; the terms of any cancellation or refund policy of any
seller of travel services that may apply to a consumer's purchase of travel services; or the billing
practices of any seller of travel services that may apply to a consumer's purchase of travel
services.
15 04· Disclosures Required
(1) No seller of travel services may fail to disclose information about a travel service it offers
to sell, provide, contract for, or arrange, where such failure has the capacity or tendency to
deceive or mislead a consumer, or has the effect of deceiving or misleading a consumer in any
material respect; nor may a seller of travel services fail to disclose to a consumer any fact the
disclosure of which may have influenced the consumer not to enter into a transaction.
(2)
No seller of travel services may accept any payment in any form, either directly or
indirectly, from a consumer for travel services, including but not limited to payment by cash,
check, money order, credit card, debit card, charge card, or authorization for electronic funds
transfer or credit card charge, unless and until the seller of travel services has provided the.
consumer, either directly or through another seller of travel services, with the following
information:
(a) the name, complete street business address and telephone number of the seller of travel
services selling directly to the consumer, including the name of the owner(s) if the seller is
a business entity; and
(b) the name, complete street business address and telephone number of the provider(s) of
any travel package being purchased, if any such provider is not the seller of travel services
from whom the consumer is purchasing directly, including but not limited to any tour
operator, ocean cruise company, charter company, provider of travel certificates, or vacation
club; and
(c)
the total amount to be paid, the date(s) of payment, a complete, detailed, itemized
statement of the travel services purchased with the payment, and an itemized statement of
any balance due; and
( d) the complete terms of any substitution policy of any seller of travel services that may
apply to the consumer's purchase of travel services; provided, however, that whenever for
the purpose of a particular transaction the seller of travel services dealing directly with the
consumer is a travel agent, the travel agent's failure to disclose the complete terms will not
violate 940 CMR 15.04 if the travel agent has made diligent efforts to obtain the complete
information from the tour operator or other relevant seller of travel services, and the travel
agent neither knows nor has reason to know that the information the travel agent is
disclosing to the consumer is incomplete; and
6/2'$/96 (Effective 7/1/96)
940 CMR-116
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940 CMR: OFFICE OF TIIE ATTORNEY GENERAL
15. 04: continued
the complete terms of any cancellation or refund policy of any seller of travel services
trw. may apply to the consumer's purchase of travel services; provided, however, that
whenever for the 1-rirpose of a particular transaction the seller of travel services dealing
directly with the consu1J1er is a travel agent, the travel agent's failure to disclose the complete
terms wi.11 not violate 940 C.MR 15.04 if the travel agent has made diligent efforts to obtain
olete information from the tour operator or other relevant seller of travel services,
a:.
~ravel agent neither knows nor has reason to know that the information the travel
ag;,
disclosing to the consumer is incomplete; and
(f)
complete tenns of any trip cancellation insurance policy offered by or through the
sellei of travel services, including but not limited to the specific extent of each policy's
coverage, exclusions, limitations, and benefits payable; provided, however, that whenever
for the purpose of a particular transaction the seller of travel services dealing directly with
11,e consumer is a travel agent, the travel agent's failure to disclose the complete terms will
not violate 9:!0 CMR 15.04 if the travel agent has made diligent efforts to obtain the
complete inf. nation from the tour operator or other relevant seller of travel services, and
!he travel ag ' neither knows nor has reason to know that the information the travel agent
is disclosing to the consumer is incomplete.
If the consumer is purchasing travel services in person, the seller of travel services must
ide the information required in 940 CMR 15.04 (1) and (2) both orally and in writing before
rt 1estir.··
1ccepting any payment. If the consumer is purchasing travel services in a voice
conve:·•
,\rer the telephone, the seller of travel services must provide this infonnation orally
before re41.K;:,iing, accepting, or arranging to receive any payment; and must also provide this
info iation in writing within seven days of the conversation or prior to departure, whichever
occ;
earliest. If the consumer is purchasing travel services by electronic mail, or by using a
telec nununication device for the deaf (TTY or TDD), or by any other mode of
telecommunication not involving voice conversation, the seller of travel services must provide
this information in writing or in a computer document capable of being printed out in hard copy
by the consumer before requesting, accepting or arranging to receive payment. No seller of
travel services may request, accept, or. arrange to receive payment from a consumer where the
only communication between the two parties is'by mail or courier service, unless and until the
seller provides this information in written fonn, and the consumer receives same.
(4) Where a seller oftravel services violates any provision of940 CMR 15.04, theeonsumer
may cancel its purchase of travel services; furthermore, where the consumer cancels its purchase
of travel services, the seller in violation must return all payments received in connection with
that purchase, within 30 days.
15 05· Delivery ofiickets vouchers Itineraries
(1) A seller of travel services must deliver to a consumer all tickets, vouchers, and itineraries
related to the consumer's purchase of travel services, or contracts or other proofs of purchase
replacing such tickets or vouchers, no later than seven days prior to the consumer's scheduled
departure date, where the consumer has made full payment of the agreed upon price for the
travel services at least 14 days prior to the departure date. Such delivery must be made no later
than three days prior to departure where payment is made at least ten days prior to departure.
Such delivery must be made prior to departure where payment is made less than three days prior .
to departure. For the purpose of 940 CMR 15.05(1), the date of delivery of payment by a
consumer is the date on which the seller receives the payment or the consumer authorizes the
seller to arrange to receive payment. For the purpose of940 CMR 15.05(1) the date of delivery
of a ticket or voucher or itinerary by a seller of travel services is the date on which the consumer
receives it.
(2) Whenever for the purpose of a particular transaction the seller dealing directly with the
consumer is a travel agent, and the travel agent has not received a particular ticket, voucher, or
itinerary or other proof of purchase in time to comply with the requirements of 940 CMR
15.05(1), the travel agent must contact the consumer immediately to report this fact and must
make a diligent effort to obtain the undelivered document(s) as quickly as possible.
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940 C:MR: OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
15.06· Seller ofTravel Services Acting as Tour Operator
Whenever for the purpose ofa particular transaction a seller of travel services is acting as
a tour operator, and the seller fails to provide any of the travel services that a consumer has
purchased directly or indirectly from the seller, the seller must offer the consumer the following
three options, and must honor the consumer's choice:
(1) the seller will refund to the consumer in cash an amount equal to the fair market retail value
of any undelivered, purchased travel service, such cash refund not to exceed the total amount
paid by the consumer for the travel package, and such cash refund to be delivered within 30 days
of the consumer's selection of this option; or
(2) the seller will provide a specifically identified substitution travel service of equal or greater
fair market retail value for any undelivered, purchased travel service, at no additional cost to the
consumer; or
(3) the seller will provide a specifically identified substitute travel service oflower fair market
retail value for any undelivered, purchased travel service, and refund to the consumer in cash
an amount equal to the difference in the fair market retail prices of the~ purchased and the
substitute travel services, such cash refund to be delivered within 30
of the consumer's
selection of this option.
15 07· Seller ofTrayel Services Acting as Travel Agent
Whenever for the purpose of a particular transaction a seller of travel services is acting as
a travel agent, the seller must:
(I)
disclose to the consumer, at the time the consumer makes an initial payment for travel
services, the manner in which the seller will forward to the provider(s) of the services purchased
the consumer's payment, and the date by which the seller anticipates forwarding each such
payment; and
(2) forward all consumer payments received in the manner and by the date(s) represented lo the
consumer, and
(3) provide the consumer with written verification that the seller has forwarded each consumer
payment received to the appropriate provider( s) of the travel services purchased, within five days
of forwarding any such payment; and
( 4) provide the consumer with written confirmation of any reservation made by the seller on
the consumer's behalf within two days of making any such reservation, regardless of whether any
prior payment for such reservation has been made.
15 08· Seyerability
(1) If any provision of940 CMR 15.00 is held invalid, it shalLnot affect the validity of any·
other provision of940 C:MR 15.00.
(2) If the application of any provision of 940 CMR 15. 00 to any person or under any particular
circumstance is held invalid, it shall not affect the validity of the application of the provision to
any other person or under any other circumstance.
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