R 408.42516 Definitions.

Rule 2516. (1) “Barricade” means a readily visible obstruction used to direct the passage of employees or vehicles. (2) "Bull float" means a tool used to spread out and smooth concrete. (3) “Competent person” means an individual who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions that are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them. (4) “Dead load” means a constant load, without load factors, due to mass of the members, the supported structure, and permanent attachments or accessories. (5) “Flying form” means a prefabricated formwork system for floor slabs incorporating support that is moved in large sections by mechanical equipment including, but not limited to a crane or forklift. (6) “Footings" means a natural or built-up solid ground or base on which shoring or reshoring is supported, including all underlying ground strata. (7) "Formwork" or "falsework" means the total system of support for freshly placed or partially cured concrete, including the mold or sheeting that contacts the concrete and all supporting members, hardware, and necessary bracing. (8) "Guy" means a line that steadies a high object or structure by pulling against an off- center load. (9) "Jacking operation" means the task of vertically lifting a slab or group of slabs from 1 location to another, such as from the casting location to a temporary, location, from a temporary location to another temporary location, or to its final location in the structure during the construction of a structure where the lift-slab process is being used. (10) "Lift-slab" means a method of concrete construction in which floor and roof slabs are cast on or at ground level and, using jacks, lifted into position. (11) "Posttensioned concrete" means a concrete member in which internal stresses have been introduced by the stressing of tendons after the placement of concrete. (12) “Post-tensioning operations” means a method of stressing reinforced concrete in which tendons running through the concrete are tensioned after the concrete has hardened resulting in posttensioned concrete. (13) "Precast concrete" means a concrete member that is cast and cured at a location other than its final designated location. (14) “Pretensioned concrete" means a concrete member in which internal stresses have been introduced by the stressing of tendons before the placement of the concrete. (15) “Pre-tensioning operations” means a method of stressing tendons before concrete is placed and hardened resulting in pretensioned concrete. (16) "Qualified person" means an individual who, because of education or training, is knowledgeable about the erection methods, materials, and hazards of the work to be performed. (17) "Reshore" means the temporary vertical or inclined supporting members that are placed or left in place when the original supporting shores or posts for the formwork are removed. The reshores are used to support partially cured concrete and other construction loads. (18) "Shore" means a vertical or inclined support member that is designed to carry the weight of formwork, concrete, and construction live loads above. (19) “Sign” means a board, sheet, poster, or placard displayed to convey information or direction either temporarily or permanently. (20) "Slip form" means a form that moves, usually continuously, during the placement of concrete. Movement may be either horizontal or vertical. (21) “Tendon” means an element, usually steel such as wire, stranded components such as wires, bars or rods used in pretensioning or posttensioning concrete. (22) "Vertical slip form" means a form that is jacked vertically and continuously during the placing of concrete.