R 323.2219 Evaluation of feasibility of alternatives to discharge to groundwater.

Rule 2219. (1) An evaluation of the feasibility of alternatives to discharge to the groundwater required by R 323.2218(3)(a)(ii) shall contain, at a minimum, an analysis of the feasibility of items contained in this rule. Feasibility includes the practical ability to implement the alternative and a comparison of the cost of the alternative to its benefits. (2) At a minimum, alternatives to the discharge that shall be considered are minimizing the volume and toxicity of the wastewater, recycling wastewater, connecting to a municipal sanitary sewer system, and discharging to surface water. Alternatives for minimizing the volume and toxicity of wastewater include pollution prevention opportunities, including the following: (a) Equipment or technology modifications. (b) Process or procedure modifications. (c) Reformulation or redesign of products. (d) Substitution of raw materials. (e) Improvements in housekeeping, maintenance, training, or inventory control. (3) At a minimum, the following treatment systems shall be considered for substances determined to be in the discharge by the characterization required by R 323.2220: (a) For a metal, the following: (i) Flocculation. (ii) Settling. (iii) Oxidation. (iv) Filtration. (v) Ion exchange (vi) Reverse osmosis. (vii) Electrolytic recovery. (b) For a volatile substance, the following: (i) Carbon adsorption. (ii) Air stripping. (iii) Aeration. (c) For a nonvolatile substance, the following: (i) Sorption. (ii) Settling. (iii) Filtration. (d) For a substance that degrades biologically, biological treatment in a lagoon, tank, or biological reactor or through controlled land treatment.