R 325.10739 Groundwater supply rules; groundwater source microbial monitoring and analytical methods.

Rule 739. (1) All of the following provisions apply to triggered source water monitoring in a groundwater supply that is subject to R 325.10612: (a) A groundwater supply shall conduct triggered source water monitoring if both of the following conditions exist: (i) The groundwater supply does not provide at least 4-log treatment of viruses (using inactivation, removal, or a department approved combination of 4-log virus inactivation and removal) before or at the first customer for each groundwater source. (ii) The groundwater supply is notified that either of the following conditions exists: (A) A sample collected under R 325.10705 to R 325.10706 is total coliform positive and the sample is not invalidated under R 325.10707a until March 31, 2016. (B) A sample collected under R 325.10704d to R 325.10704g is total coliform-positive and the sample is not invalidated under R 325.10704c(3) beginning April 1, 2016. (b) A groundwater supply shall collect, within 24 hours of notification of the total coliform positive sample, at least 1 groundwater source sample from each groundwater source in use at the time the total coliform positive sample was collected under R 325.10705 to R 325.10706 until March 31, 2016, or collected under R 325.10704d to R 325.10704g beginning April 1, 2016, except as provided in paragraph (ii) of this subdivision. The sample shall be analyzed for the presence of E. coli, or if approved by the department, for the presence of enterococci or coliphage. All of the following apply to groundwater source sample requirements: (i) The department may extend the 24-hour time limit on a case-by-case basis if the groundwater supply cannot collect the groundwater source water sample within 24 hours due to circumstances beyond its control. In the case of an extension, the department shall specify how much time the groundwater supply has to collect the sample. (ii) If approved by the department, groundwater supplies with more than 1 groundwater source may meet the requirements of this subdivision by sampling a representative groundwater source or sources. If directed by the department, groundwater supplies shall submit for department approval a triggered source water monitoring plan that identifies 1 or more groundwater sources that are representative of each monitoring site in the groundwater supply's sample siting plan under R 325.10705 to R 325.10706, until March 31, 2016, or under R 325.10704c beginning April 1, 2016, and that the groundwater supply intends to use for representative sampling under this paragraph. (iii) Until March 31, 2016, a groundwater supply serving 1,000 or fewer people may use a repeat sample collected from a groundwater source to meet both the requirements of R 325.10707 and to satisfy the monitoring requirements of this subdivision for that groundwater source. If the repeat sample collected from the groundwater source is E. coli positive, the groundwater supply shall comply with subdivision (c) of this subrule. (c) If the department does not require corrective action under R 325.10612a(1)(b) for a fecal indicator positive source water sample collected under subdivision (b) of this subrule that is not invalidated under R 325.10739(3), the groundwater supply shall collect 5 additional source water samples from the same source within 24 hours of being notified of the fecal indicator positive sample and have it analyzed for the presence of E. coli, or with department approval, for the presence of enterococci or coliphage. (d) Both of the following provisions apply to consecutive supplies and wholesale supplies: (i) In addition to the other requirements of this subrule, a consecutive groundwater supply that has a total coliform positive sample collected under R 325.10705 to R 325.10706 until March 31, 2016, or under R 325.10704d to R 325.10704g beginning April 1, 2016, shall notify the wholesale supply or supplies within 24 hours of being notified of the total coliform positive sample. (ii) In addition to the other requirements of this subrule, a wholesale groundwater supply shall comply with both of the following: (A) A wholesale groundwater supply that receives notice from a consecutive supply it serves that a sample collected under R 325.10705 to R 325.10706 until March 31, 2016, or under R 325.10704d to R 325.10704g beginning April 1, 2016, is total coliform positive shall, within 24 hours of being notified, collect a sample from its groundwater source or sources under subdivision (b) of this subrule and have it analyzed for the presence of E. coli, or with department approval, for the presence of enterococci or coliphage. (B) If the sample collected under subparagraph (A) of this paragraph is fecal indicator positive, the wholesale groundwater supply shall notify all consecutive supplies served by that groundwater source of the fecal indicator source water positive within 24 hours of being notified of the groundwater source sample monitoring result and shall meet the requirements of subdivision (c) of this subrule. (e) Exceptions to the triggered source water monitoring requirements are either of the following. A groundwater supply is not required to comply with the source water monitoring requirements of subrule (1) of this rule if either of the following conditions exists: (i) The department determines, and documents in writing, that the total coliform positive sample collected under R 325.10705 to R 325.10706 until March 31, 2016, or under R 325.10704d to R 325.10704g beginning April 1, 2016, is caused by a distribution system deficiency. (ii) The total coliform positive sample collected under R 325.10705 to R 325.10706 until March 31, 2016, or under R 325.10704d to R 325.10704g beginning April 1, 2016, is collected at a location that meets department criteria for distribution system conditions that will cause total coliform positive samples. (2) All of the following provisions apply to assessment source water monitoring. If directed by the department, groundwater supplies shall conduct assessment source water monitoring that meets department determined requirements for that monitoring. A groundwater supply conducting assessment source water monitoring may use a triggered source water sample collected under subrule (1)(b) of this rule to meet the requirements of this subrule. Department determined assessment source water monitoring requirements may include any of the following: (a) Collection of a total of 12 groundwater source samples that represent each month the groundwater supply provides groundwater to the public. (b) Collection of samples from each well unless the groundwater supply obtains written department approval to conduct monitoring at 1 or more wells within the groundwater supply that are representative of multiple wells used by that groundwater supply and that draw water from the same hydrogeologic setting. (c) Collection of a standard sample volume of not less than 100 mL for fecal indicator analysis regardless of the fecal indicator or analytical method used. (d) Analysis of all groundwater source samples using analytical methods adopted by reference in R 325.10605 for the presence of E. coli, or if approved by the department, for the presence of enterococci, or coliphage. (e) Collection of groundwater source samples at a location before any treatment of the groundwater source unless the department approves a sampling location after treatment. (f) Collection of groundwater source samples at the well itself unless the groundwater supply's configuration does not allow for sampling at the well itself and the department approves an alternate sampling location that is representative of the water quality of that well. (3) All of the following provisions apply to invalidation of a fecal indicator positive groundwater source sample. (a) A groundwater supply may obtain department invalidation of a fecal indicator positive groundwater source sample collected under triggered source water monitoring of subrule (1) of this rule only under either of the following conditions: (i) The groundwater supply provides the department with written notice from the laboratory that improper sample analysis occurred. (ii) The department determines and documents in writing that there is substantial evidence that a fecal indicator positive groundwater source sample is not related to source water quality. (b) If the department invalidates a fecal indicator positive groundwater source sample, the groundwater supply shall collect another source water sample under subrule (1) of this rule within 24 hours of being notified by the department of its invalidation decision and have it analyzed for the same fecal indicator using analytical methods adopted by reference in R 325.10605. The department may extend the 24-hour time limit on a case-by-case basis if the groundwater supply cannot collect the source water sample within 24 hours due to circumstances beyond its control. In the case of an extension, the department will specify how much time the groundwater supply has to collect the sample. (4) Both of the following provisions apply to sampling location: (a) A groundwater source sample required under subrule (1) of this rule shall be collected at a location before treatment of the groundwater source unless the department approves a sampling location after treatment. (b) If the groundwater supply's configuration does not allow for sampling at the well itself, the groundwater supply may collect a sample at a department approved location to meet the requirements of subrule (1) of this rule if the sample is representative of the water quality of that well. (5) If directed by the department, a groundwater supply that places a new groundwater source into service after November 30, 2009, shall conduct assessment source water monitoring under subrule (2) of this rule. If directed by the department, the groundwater supply shall begin monitoring before the groundwater source is used to provide water to the public. (6) A groundwater supply with a groundwater source sample collected under subrule (1) or (2) of this rule that is fecal indicator positive and that is not invalidated under subrule (3) of this rule, including consecutive supplies served by the groundwater source, shall conduct public notification under R 325.10402. (7) Failure to meet the requirements of subrules (1) to (5) of this rule is a monitoring violation and requires the groundwater supply to provide public notification under R 325.10404.