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7 Miss. Admin. Code, Part 186 M I S S I S S I P P I College- and Career-Readiness Arts Learning Standards for MUSIC Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 2 The Mississippi State Board of Education, the Mississippi Department of Education, the Mississippi School for the Arts, the Mississippi School for the Blind, the Mississippi School for the Deaf, and the Mississippi School for Mathematics and Science do not discriminate on the basis of race, sex, color, religion, national origin, age, or disability in the provision of educational programs and services or employment opportunities and benefits. The following office has been designated to handle inquiries and complaints regarding the non‑discrimination policies of the above mentioned entities: Director, Office of Human Resources, Mississippi Department of Education, 359 North West Street, P.O. Box 771, Suite 203, Jackson, MS 39205‑0771, (601)359-3511. Mississippi Department of Education 359 North West Street P. O. Box 771 Jackson, Mississippi 39205-0771 (601) 359-3511 www.mdek12.org/ESE/VPA Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS MISSISSIPPI DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Carey M. Wright, Ed. D. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF EDUCATION Kim S. Benton, Ed. D. CHIEF ACADEMIC OFFICER Jean Massey, Executive Director OFFICE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION Nathan Oakley, Ph.D., Executive Director OFFICE OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION & READING Jill Dent, Ph.D., Bureau Director Early Childhood OFFICE OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION & READING Melissa Banks, Office Director II Instructional Technology Specialist OFFICE OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION & READING Limeul L. Eubanks, MFA., Staff Officer III The Arts (Dance, Media Arts, Music, Theatre, and Visual Arts) and World Languages OFFICE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION STEERING COMMITTEE Chris Young, Music Standards Chair Choral Music Director, Sumner Hill Jr. High CLINTON PUBLIC SCHOOL DISTRICT Jennifer Davis, Music Standards Co-Chair Choral Music, Meridian High School MERIDIAN PUBLIC SCHOOL DISTRICT Matt Rowan, Music Standards Co-Chair Band Director, Pearl High School PEARL PUBLIC SCHOOL DISTRICT Lane Thompson, Music Standards Chair Associate Director of Bands, Grenada High School GRENADA PUBLIC SCHOOLS Kristy Brumfield Porters Chapel Academy MS ASSOCIATION OF INDEPENDENT SCHOOLS Len Killough Band Director, Hernando High School DESOTO COUNTY SCHOOL DISTRICT Sharon Laird Band Director, Oak Grove High School LAMAR COUNTY SCHOOLS Wes Morehead Director of Bands, Gulfport High School GULFPORT SCHOOL DISTRICT Jerry Pickering Director of Bands, Northwest Rankin High School RANKIN COUNTY SCHOOL DISTRICT Nancie Simmons Music Teacher, Anniston Elementary School GULFPORT SCHOOL DISTRICT Regina Weeks Choral Director, Starkville High School STARKVILLE SCHOOL DISTRICT Chris Word Band Director, Petal Upper Elementary PETAL SCHOOL DISTRICT Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 4 ADVISORY COMMITTEE Althea Jerome Music Educator and Teaching Artist HATTIESBURG, MISSISSIPPI Mark Hugh Malone, Ph.D. Music Education and Graduate Studies WILLIAM CAREY UNIVERSITY Andrea Coleman Whole Schools Initiative Director MISSISSIPPI ARTS COMMISSION Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 5 T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S I N T R O D U C T I O N T O T H E A R T S L E A R N I N G S T A N D A R D S Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 6 PURPOSE OF THE ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS The Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Arts Learning Standards in all the arts (dance, media arts, music, theatre, and visual arts) are designed to empower and inspire arts educators and their students to explore the many facets of the arts and prepare them for a lifetime of engagement with art forms. The Mississippi Department of Education is dedicated to student success, improving student achievement in the arts, equipping citizens to solve complex problems, and establishing fluent communication skills within a technological environment. The Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Arts Learning Standards for Dance, Media Arts, Music, Theatre, and Visual Arts are designed to be robust and relevant to the real world, reflecting the knowledge and skills that students need for success in college and careers and to compete in the global economy. The purposes of education standards are to identify the learning that we want for all of our students and to drive improvement in the system that delivers that learning. Standards, therefore, should embody the key concepts, processes and traditions of study in each subject area, and articulate the aspirations of those invested in our schools— students, teachers, administrators, and the community at large. To realize that end goal, these Mississippi Arts Learning Standards are framed by artistic literacy, as outlined in philosophical foundations, lifelong goals, and artistic processes; articulated as anchor and performance standards that students should attain. The connective threads of this conceptual framework are designed to be understood by all stakeholders and, ultimately, to ensure success for both educators and students. The Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Arts Learning Standards are aligned with the National Arts Standards which were launched in 2014. The National Standards for all the arts engaged 130 arts educators as writers and 6,000 as reviewers. In addition, the national arts organizations and state directors in dance, media arts, music, theatre, and visual arts participated in the creation and editing of these documents. Under the guidance of the State Education Agency Directors of Arts Education, each state has the flexibility to adopt and adapt the National Standards to align with their own. Using advisory boards with state leaders and exemplary teachers in each of the arts, the state of Mississippi worked for over two years to align with the National Standards and create the Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Arts Learning Standards. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 7 MISSION OF ARTS EDUCATION The mission of arts education in Mississippi is to ensure that students know and experience the uniqueness of the arts, understand themselves and their world by creating, expressing, and communicating meaning through the arts, and value the arts as humanity’s most essential and universal language transcending culture, time, and place. ARTS INTEGRATION The Mississippi Department of Education values Arts Integration which is an approach to teaching in which students construct and demonstrate understanding through an art form in all subject areas. According to the Kennedy Center, Arts Integration promotes student engagement in a creative process in subjects outside the arts. This integration connects an art form and another subject area and meets evolving objectives in both. ARTISTIC LITERACY Artistic Literacy is the knowledge and understanding required to participate authentically in the Arts. Authentic participation in the arts call for an understanding of the processes that lead to fluency in an art form. Fluency in the languages(s) of the arts is the ability to create, perform/produce/present, respond, and connect through symbolic and metaphoric forms that are unique to the arts. It is embodied in specific philosophical foundations and lifelong goals that enable an artistically literate person to transfer arts knowledge, skills, and capacities to other subjects, settings, and contexts. To be literate in the arts, students need specific knowledge and skills in a particular arts discipline to a degree that allows for fluency and deep understanding. In all the arts this means discovering the expressive elements and knowing the terminology that is used to comprehend an art form. Students should also have a clear sense of embodying that form and be able to reflect, critique, and connect personal experience to the arts. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 8 OVERVIEW OF THE ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS The primary purpose of the 2017 Mississippi College- and Career‐Readiness Arts Learning Standards is to provide a basis for curriculum development for Grades Pre-Kindergarten‐12th arts (dance, media arts, music, theatre, and visual arts) teachers in Mississippi. This document describes what students should know and be able to do by the end of each grade level in preparation for college and career. These standards provide guidance in:  Defining artistic literacy through a set of overarching Philosophical Foundations and Lifelong Goals that clarify long-term expectations for arts learning.  Placing Artistic Processes and Anchor Standards as the focus of the work.  Identifying Creative Practices in the application of the Artistic Processes across all learning.  Specifying Enduring Understandings and Essential Questions that provide conceptual connections and articulate value and meaning within and across the art discipline. BENEFITS OF THE ARTS IN EDUCATION The arts have always served as the distinctive vehicle for discovering who we are. Providing ways of thinking as disciplined as science or math and as disparate as philosophy or literature, the arts are used by and have shaped every culture and individual on earth. They continue to infuse our lives on nearly all levels—generating a significant part of the creative and intellectual capital that drives our economy. The arts inform our lives with meaning every time we experience the joy of a well-remembered song, experience the flash of inspiration that comes with immersing ourselves in an artist’s sculpture, enjoying a sublime dance, learning from an exciting animation, or being moved by a captivating play. The fact that the arts provide important touchstones confirms their value to the development of every human being. Nurturing our children, then, necessarily means that we must provide all of them with a well-rounded education that includes the arts. By doing so, we are fulfilling the college and career readiness needs of our students, laying the foundations for the success of our schools and, ultimately, the success of our state and nation. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 9 FOUNDATIONS AND GOALS The following philosophical foundations and lifelong goals establish the basis for the Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Arts Learning Standards and illuminate artistic literacy by expressing the overarching common values and expectations for learning in arts education across the five arts disciplines. T H E A R T S A S COMMUNICATION P H I L O S O P H I C A L F O U N D A T I O N L I F E L O N G G O A L S In today’s multimedia society, the arts are the media, and therefore provide powerful and essential means of communication. The arts provide unique symbol systems and metaphors that convey and inform life experience (i.e., the arts are ways of knowing). Artistically literate citizens use a variety of artistic media, symbols, and metaphors to independently create and perform work that expresses and communicates their own ideas, and are able to respond by analyzing and interpreting the artistic communications of others. T H E A R T S A S CREATIVE PERSONAL REALIZATION P H I L O S O P H I C A L F O U N D A T I O N L I F E L O N G G O A L S Participation in each of the arts as creators, performers, and audience members enables individuals to discover and develop their own creative capacity, thereby providing a source of lifelong satisfaction. Artistically literate citizens find at least one arts discipline in which they develop sufficient competence to continue active involvement in creating, performing, and responding to art as an adult. T H E A R T S A S CULTURE, HISTORY, AND CONNECTORS P H I L O S O P H I C A L F O U N D A T I O N L I F E L O N G G O A L S Throughout history the arts have provided essential means for individuals and communities to express their ideas, experiences, feelings and deepest beliefs. Each discipline shares common goals, but approaches them through distinct media and techniques. Understanding artwork provides insights into individuals’ own and others’ cultures and societies, while also providing opportunities to access, express, and integrate meaning across a variety of content areas. Artistically literate citizens know and understand artwork from varied historical periods and cultures, and actively seek and appreciate diverse forms and genres of artwork of enduring quality/significance. They also seek to understand relationships among the arts, and cultivate habits of searching for and identifying patterns, relationships between the arts and other knowledge. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 10 T H E A R T S A S MEANS TO WELLBEING P H I L O S O P H I C A L F O U N D A T I O N L I F E L O N G G O A L S Participation in the arts as creators, performers, and audience members (responders) enhances mental, physical, and emotional wellbeing. Artistically literate citizens find joy, inspiration, peace, intellectual stimulation, meaning, and other life-enhancing qualities through participation in all of the arts. T H E A R T S A S COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT P H I L O S O P H I C A L F O U N D A T I O N L I F E L O N G G O A L S The arts provide means for individuals to collaborate and connect with others in an enjoyable, inclusive environment as they create, prepare, and share artworks that bring communities together. Artistically literate citizens seek artistic experiences and support the arts in their local, state, national, and global communities. UNDERSTANDING THE ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS The Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Arts Learning Standards in dance, media arts, music, theatre, and visual arts are rooted in a creative approach to teaching and learning. They describe expectations for learning in the arts (dance, media arts, music, theatre, and visual arts) regardless of culture, style or genre and impart the breadth and depth of the arts experience through the art-making processes. Four artistic processes organize the standards across the arts disciplines: Creating, Performing/Presenting/Producing, Responding, and Connecting. Each artistic process includes a set of overarching anchor standards. The anchor standards are consistent among the arts disciplines. Each anchor standard in the arts is supported by a process component, an enduring understanding, and an essential question. These additional features will benefit educational leaders and teachers as they consider curricular models and structure lessons aligned to the Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Arts Learning standards. Performance standards describe more specifically what students should know and be able to do in the arts and are expressed as measurable outcomes across the grades pre-kindergarten to eighth grade and into high school at three levels of proficiency. The performance standards are the substantive portion of the work and represent the depth of study in the arts. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 11 Of significance is that the four artistic processes are addressed linearly in written standards, but are envisioned to occur simultaneously in the actual practice of the arts (dance, media arts, music, theatre, and visual arts). In dance, for example, a dancer imagines, envisions, or improvises movements (creating), executes the movements (performing), reflects on them (responding), and connects the experience to all other contexts of meaning or knowledge (connecting). As a result, one lesson can address many standards at the same time. In a single class, students can learn by solving problems, showing their ideas through an art form, thinking critically about them, and relating them to other ideas, experiences, contexts, and meanings. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Arts Learning Standards ARTISTIC PROCESSES Cr— CREATING Pr— PERFORMING/ PRESENTING/ PRODUCING Re— RESPONDING Cn— CONNECTING D EFI NIT IO N D EFI NIT IO N D EFI NIT IO N D EFI NIT IO N Conceiving and developing new artistic ideas and work. PERFORMING (dance, music, theatre): Realizing artistic ideas and work through interpretation and presentation. PRESENTING (visual arts): Interpreting and sharing artistic work. PRODUCING (media arts): Realizing and presenting artistic ideas and work. Understanding and evaluating how the arts convey meaning. Relating artistic ideas and work with personal meaning and external context. ANCHOR STANDARDS STUD ENT S WI LL STUD ENT S WI LL STUD ENT S WI LL STUD ENT S WI LL 1. Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. 2. Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. 3. Refine and complete artistic work. 4. Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. 5. Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. 6. Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. 7. Perceive and analyze artistic work. 8. Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. 9. Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. 10. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. 11. Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 12 Performance Standards Performance Standards are discipline-specific, grade-by-grade articulations of student achievement toward developing the enduring understandings in Pre- Kindergarten-8th grade and at three proficiency levels in high school (proficient, accomplished and advanced). The three high school levels are listed below with their definitions. As such, the Performance Standards translate the enduring understandings into specific, measurable learning goals. Each district is responsible for determining how they will measure student growth in meeting these expectations.  HS - Proficient Students at the Proficient level have developed the foundational technical and expressive skills and understandings in all the arts (dance, media arts, music, theatre, and visual arts) necessary to solve assigned problems or prepare assigned repertoire; make appropriate choices with some support; and may be prepared for active engagement in their community. They understand the arts to be an important form of personal realization and well-being, and can make connections between the arts, history, culture and other learning.  HS - Accomplished Students at the Accomplished level are - with minimal assistance - able to identify or solve arts (dance, media arts, music, theatre, and visual arts) problems based on their interests or for a particular purpose; conduct research to inform artistic decisions; and create and refine arts products that demonstrate technical proficiency, personal communication and expression. They use the arts for personal realization and well-being, and have the necessary skills for and interest in participation in an arts activity beyond the school environment.  HS - Advanced Students at the Advanced level independently identify challenging problems in the arts (dance, media arts, music, theatre, and visual arts) based on their interests or for specific purposes, and bring creativity and insight to finding artistic solutions. They can use at least one art form as an effective avenue for personal communication, demonstrating a high level of technical and expressive proficiency characteristic of honors or college level work. They exploit their personal strengths and apply strategies to overcome personal challenges as arts learners. They are capable of taking a leadership role in the arts activities within and beyond the school environment. CREATING MU: Cr1.1.PK Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. With substantial guidance, explore and experience a variety of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? Anchor Standard Artistic Process Process Component Performance Standards Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 13 Anchor Standard Each artistic process branches into two or three Anchor Standards. Anchor Standards describe the overarching knowledge and understandings that all the arts (dance, media arts, music, theatre, and visual arts) address through instruction. They bind all the arts and demonstrate the knowledge and understandings that the arts address through instruction. They work as subsets of the processes. These Anchor Standards are parallel across all the arts disciplines and grade levels and serve as the tangible educational expression of artistic literacy. There are eleven Anchor Standards. If a standard has an “a” or “b” listed below the Anchor Standard, it means that the standard at that grade has more than one part. Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Process Component Each artistic process branches into Process Components. Process Components are the actions artists carry out as they complete each artistic process. Students’ ability to carry out these operational verbs empowers them to work through the artistic process independently. The Process Components serve as the action verbs that collectively build toward the artistic processes. Enduring Understandings Enduring Understandings are statements summarizing important ideas and core processes that are central to a discipline and have lasting value beyond the classroom. They synthesize what students should come to understand as a result of studying a particular content area. Moreover, they articulate what students should value about the content area over the course of their lifetimes. Enduring Understandings should also enable students to make connections to other disciplines beyond the arts. A true grasp of an Enduring Understanding mastered through a variety of activities is demonstrated by the student’s ability to explain, interpret, analyze, apply and evaluate its core elements. The Enduring Understandings set the standards for quality arts education. Essential Questions Essential Questions are questions that are not answerable with finality in a brief sentence. Their aim is to stimulate thought, to provoke inquiry, and to spark more questions, including thoughtful student questions. Instead of thinking of content as something to be covered, consider knowledge and skill as the means of addressing questions central to understanding key issues in a subject. Essential Questions also guide students as they uncover enduring understandings. Wiggins and McTighe (2005) assert that Essential Questions are those that encourage, hint at, even demand transfer beyond the particular topic in which students first encounter them, and therefore, should recur over the years to promote conceptual connections and curriculum coherence. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 14 I N T R O D U C T I O N T O T H E A R T S L E A R N I N G S T A N D A R D S F O R M U S I C The Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Arts Learning Standards for Music are designed to guide music educators as they help their students achieve the goal of independent music literacy. The structure of the standards organizes outcomes by Artistic Process, thus facilitating sequential instruction while authentically reflecting the way musicians think and work. The music standards are organized and presented as follows:  All music performance standards are grouped under the Artistic Processes of Creating, Performing, or Responding.  Music connections are an essential part of each Artistic Process. Open-ended Connecting outcomes cross-reference users to Creating, Performing, and Responding performance standards.  Music performance standards are organized and coded according to the process components or “steps” of the Artistic Processes. The process components for each process are as follows: o Creating: Imagine; Plan and Make; Evaluate and Refine, and Present o Performing: Select; Analyze; Interpret; Rehearse, Evaluate, and Refine; and Present o Responding: Select; Analyze; Interpret; and Evaluate  Performance standards are provided for each grade level from Pre-Kindergarten through grade eight.  Four distinct “strands” of high school performance standards are provided, reflecting the increasing variety of music courses offered in American secondary schools. o Ensemble, Harmonizing Instrument (guitar, keyboard, etc.), Composition/Theory, and Music Technology performance standards are provided for three levels: Proficient, Accomplished, and Advanced. o Many students become involved in Ensemble and Harmonizing Instrument classes before they enter high school. Performance standards for these strands also include two preparatory levels: Novice (nominally assigned to the fifth grade level) and Intermediate (nominally the eighth grade level).  Similarities across the arts disciplines are highlighted in the eleven Common Anchors, which are shared by all five sets of discipline-specific standards. Each Anchor includes one or more process components. The standards are based on the assumption of quality resources, including instructional time, spanning Pre-Kindergarten-8th grade and continuing at the high school level. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 15 GUIDE TO THE ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTATION Each Performance Standard employs a notation system for identification purposes as seen in the example below. The notation provides a quick and easy reference to a particular standard within each artistic process. In sequence, the system references Arts Discipline, Artistic Process, Anchor Standard, Process Component, and Grade Level. Arts Discipline The first two letters are codes for the arts discipline notation: MU = for Music Artistic Process The next two letters after the colon are the artistic process: Cr = Creating Pr = Performing Re = Responding Cn = Connecting Anchor Standard The next number is the anchor standard, numbers 1 to 11. Process Component The next number after the period is the process component which may have more than one standard indicated with an a or b. Process components are actions artists carry out as they engage in each artistic process. The additional letter after the process component indicates the music strands. The strands are Harmonizing Instruments, Technology, Composition/Theory, and Performing Ensembles. Note: Pre-Kindergarten through 8th grade music standards do not have the above strands in their notations. Music Strand Grade Level The next number is the grade level. (Pre-Kindergarten (PK) and Kindergarten (K); grades 1-8; I, II, III, high school proficient, accomplished, advanced). Note: In some schools, students participate in choral ensembles (Performing Ensembles) or instrumental ensembles (Harmonizing Instruments) prior to 9th grade. In schools where choral or instrumental ensembles are offered, there are two introductory skill levels found in the music standards: Novice and Intermediate. Novice is the term used to identify standards for students in grades 5-7 who have begun to specialize in a specific type of music performance. Intermediate is the term that identifies standards for students who continue to specialize in specific skills necessary for participation in Performing Ensembles or Harmonizing Instrument ensembles through 8th grade. MU:Cr2.1.T.II Arts Discipline Artistic Process Anchor Standard Process Component Grade Level Music Strand Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 16 Below are a few examples of how to read the numbering system for Music: MU:Cr1.1.PK MU Cr PK Arts discipline of Music Artistic process of Creating Anchor standard one Process component Pre- Kindergarten MU:Pr5.1.4 MU Pr Arts discipline of Music Artistic process of Performing Anchor standard five Process component Grade four MU:Re8.1.6 MU Re Arts discipline of Music Artistic process of Responding Anchor standard eight Process component Grade six MU:Cn10.1.H.II MU Cn H.II Arts discipline of Music Artistic process of Connecting Anchor standard ten Process component Harmonizing Instruments and the Roman numeral II is the high school level accomplished Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 17 Pre-Kindergarten THROUGH 8th Grade [MUSIC] Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 18 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.PK Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. With substantial guidance, explore and experience a variety of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.PK Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. With substantial guidance, explore favorite musical ideas (such as movements, vocalizations, or instrumental accompaniments). b. With substantial guidance, select and keep track of the order for performing original musical ideas, using iconic notation and/or recording technology. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.PK Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. With substantial guidance, consider personal, peer, and teacher feedback when demonstrating and refining personal musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate, and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? MU: Cr3.2.PK Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. With substantial guidance, share revised personal musical ideas with peers. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 19 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.PK Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. With substantial guidance, demonstrate and state preference for varied musical selections. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own technical skill, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.PK Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. With substantial guidance, explore and demonstrate awareness of musical contrasts. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? MU: Pr4.3.PK Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. With substantial guidance, explore music’s expressive qualities (such as voice quality, dynamics, and tempo). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.PK Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. With substantial guidance, practice and demonstrate what they like about their own performances. b. With substantial guidance, apply personal, peer, and teacher feedback to refine performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 20 MU: Pr6.1.PK Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. With substantial guidance, perform music with expression. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and culture. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.PK Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. With substantial guidance, state personal interests and demonstrate why they prefer some music selections over others. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.PK Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. With substantial guidance, explore musical contrasts in music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.PK Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. With substantial guidance, explore music’s expressive qualities (such as dynamics and tempo). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern the musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 21 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.PK Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. With substantial guidance, talk about personal and expressive preferences in music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical work(s) and performance(s) is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.PK Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.PKa With substantial guidance, share revised musical ideas with peers. MU:Pr4.1.PKa With substantial guidance, demonstrate and state preference for varied musical selections. MU:Pr4.3.PKa With substantial guidance, explore music’s expressive qualities (such as voice quality, dynamics, and tempo). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing, and responding? MU: Cn11.0.PK Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Pr4.2.PKa With substantial guidance, explore and demonstrate awareness of musical contrasts. MU:Re7.2.PKa With substantial guidance, explore musical contrasts in music. MU:Re9.1.PKa With substantial guidance, talk about their personal and expressive preferences in music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts, and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 22 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.K Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. With guidance, explore and experience music concepts (such as beat and melodic contour). b. With guidance, generate musical ideas (such as movements or motives). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.K Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. With guidance, demonstrate and choose favorite musical ideas. b. With guidance, organize personal musical ideas using iconic notation and/or recording technology. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.K Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. With guidance, apply personal, peer, and teacher feedback in refining personal musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate, and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? MU: Cr3.2.K Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. With guidance, demonstrate a final version of personal musical ideas to peers. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 23 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.K Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. With guidance, demonstrate and state personal interest in varied musical selections. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own technical skill, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.K Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. With guidance, explore and demonstrate awareness of music contrasts (such as high/low, loud/soft, same/different) in a variety of music selected for performance. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? MU: Pr4.3.K Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. With guidance, demonstrate awareness of expressive qualities (such as voice quality, dynamics, and tempo) that support the creators’ expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.K Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. With guidance, apply personal, teacher, and peer feedback to refine performances. b. With guidance, use suggested strategies in rehearsal to improve the expressive qualities of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 24 PERFORMING MU: Pr6.1.K Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. With guidance, perform music with expression. b. Perform appropriately for the audience. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and culture. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.K Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. With guidance, list personal interests and experiences and demonstrate why they prefer some music selections over others. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.K Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. With guidance, demonstrate how a specific music concept (such as beat or melodic direction) is used in music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.K Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. With guidance, demonstrate awareness of expressive qualities (such as dynamics and tempo) that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern the musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 25 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.K Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. With guidance, apply personal and expressive preferences in the evaluation of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical work(s) and performance(s) is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.K Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.Ka With guidance, demonstrate a final version of personal musical ideas to peers. MU:Pr4.1.Ka With guidance, demonstrate and state personal interest in varied musical selections. MU:Pr4.3.Ka With guidance, demonstrate awareness of expressive qualities (such as voice quality, dynamics, and tempo) that support the creators’ expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing, and responding? MU: Cn11.0.K Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Pr4.2.Ka With guidance, explore and demonstrate awareness of music contrasts (such as high/low, loud/soft, same/different) in a variety of music selected for performance. MU:Re7.2.Ka With guidance, demonstrate how a specific music concept (such as beat or melodic direction) is used in music. MU:Re9.1.Ka With guidance, apply personal and expressive preferences in the evaluation of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts, and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 26 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.1 Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. With limited guidance, create musical ideas (such as answering a musical question) for a specific purpose. b. With limited guidance, generate musical ideas in multiple tonalities (such as major and minor) and meters (such as duple and triple). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.1 Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. With limited guidance, demonstrate and discuss personal reasons for selecting musical ideas that represent expressive intent. b. With limited guidance, use iconic or standard notation and/or recording technology to document and organize personal musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.1 Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. With limited guidance, discuss and apply personal, peer, and teacher feedback to refine personal musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate, and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? MU: Cr3.2.1 Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. With limited guidance, convey expressive intent for a specific purpose by presenting a final version of personal musical ideas to peers or informal audience. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 27 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.1 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. With limited guidance, demonstrate and discuss personal interest in, knowledge about, and purpose of varied musical selections. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own technical skill, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.1 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. With limited guidance, demonstrate knowledge of music concepts (such as beat and melodic contour) in music from a variety of cultures selected for performance. b. When analyzing selected music, read and perform rhythmic patterns using iconic or standard notation. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? MU: Pr4.3.1 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate and describe music’s expressive qualities (such as dynamics and tempo). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 28 PERFORMING MU: Pr5.1.1 Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. With limited guidance, apply personal, teacher, and peer feedback to refine performances. b. With limited guidance, use suggested strategies in rehearsal to address interpretive challenges of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.1 Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. With limited guidance, perform music for a specific purpose with expression. b. Perform appropriately for the audience and purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and culture. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.1 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. With limited guidance, identify and demonstrate how personal interests and experiences influence musical selection for specific purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 29 RESPONDING MU: Re7.2.1 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. With limited guidance, demonstrate and identify how specific music concepts (such as beat or pitch) are used in various styles of music for a purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.1 Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. With limited guidance, demonstrate and identify expressive qualities (such as dynamics and tempo) that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern the musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? MU: Re9.1.1 Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. With limited guidance, apply personal and expressive preferences in the evaluation of music for specific purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical work(s) and performance(s) is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 30 CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.1 Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr2.1.1a With limited guidance, demonstrate and discuss personal reasons for selecting musical ideas that represent expressive intent. MU:Cr3.2.1a With limited guidance, convey expressive intent for a specific purpose by presenting a final version of personal musical ideas to peers or informal audience. MU:Pr4.3.1a Demonstrate and describe music’s expressive qualities (such as dynamics and tempo). MU:Re7.1.1a With limited guidance, identify and demonstrate how personal interests and experiences influence musical selection for specific purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing, and responding? MU: Cn11.0.1 Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.1a With limited guidance, create musical ideas (such as answering a musical question) for a specific purpose. MU:Pr4.2.1a With limited guidance, demonstrate knowledge of music concepts (such as beat and melodic contour) in music from a variety of cultures selected for performance. MU:Pr6.1.1a With limited guidance, perform music for a specific purpose with expression. MU:Re7.2.1a With limited guidance, demonstrate and identify how specific music concepts (such as beat or pitch) is used in various styles of music for a purpose. MU:Re9.1.1a With limited guidance, apply personal and expressive preferences in the evaluation of music for specific purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts, and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 31 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.2 Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Improvise rhythmic and melodic patterns and musical ideas for a specific purpose. b. Generate musical patterns and ideas within the context of a given tonality (such as major and minor) and meter (such as duple and triple). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.2 Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Demonstrate and explain personal reasons for selecting patterns and ideas for music that represent expressive intent. b. Use iconic or standard notation and/or recording technology to combine, sequence, and document personal musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.2 Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Interpret and apply personal, peer, and teacher feedback to revise personal music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate, and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? MU: Cr3.2.2 Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Convey expressive intent for a specific purpose by presenting a final version of personal musical ideas to peers or informal audience. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 32 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.2 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Demonstrate and explain personal interest in, knowledge about, and purpose of varied musical selections. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own technical skill, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.2 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate knowledge of music concepts (such as tonality and meter) in music from a variety of cultures selected for performance. b. When analyzing selected music, read and perform rhythmic and melodic patterns using iconic or standard notation. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? MU: Pr4.3.2 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate understanding of expressive qualities (such as dynamics and tempo) and how creators use them to convey expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 33 PERFORMING MU: Pr5.1.2 Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Apply established criteria to judge the accuracy, expressiveness, and effectiveness of performances. b. Rehearse, identify and apply strategies to address interpretive, performance, and technical challenges of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.2 Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Perform music for a specific purpose with expression and technical accuracy. b. Perform appropriately for the audience and purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and culture. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.2 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Explain and demonstrate how personal interests and experiences influence musical selection for specific purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.2 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Describe how specific music concepts are used to support a specific purpose in music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 34 RESPONDING MU: Re8.1.2 Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate knowledge of music concepts and how they support creators’/performers’ expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern the musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? MU: Re9.1.2 Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Apply personal and expressive preferences in the evaluation of music for specific purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical work(s) and performance(s) is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.2 Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr2.1.2a Demonstrate and explain personal reasons for selecting patterns and ideas for their music that represent expressive intent. MU:Cr3.2.2a Convey expressive intent for a specific purpose by presenting a final version of personal musical ideas to peers or informal audience. MU:Pr4.3.2a Demonstrate understanding of expressive qualities (such as dynamics and tempo) and how creators use them to convey expressive intent. MU:Re7.1.2a Explain and demonstrate how personal interests and experiences influence musical selection for specific purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing, and responding? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 35 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.2 Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.2a Improvise rhythmic and melodic patterns and musical ideas for a specific purpose. MU:Pr4.2.2a Demonstrate knowledge of music concepts (such as tonality and meter) in music from a variety of cultures selected for performance. MU:Pr6.1.2a Perform music for a specific purpose with expression and technical accuracy. MU:Re7.1.2a Describe how specific music concepts are used to support a specific purpose in music. MU:Re9.1.2a Apply personal and expressive preferences in the evaluation of music for specific purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts, and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 36 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.3 Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Improvise rhythmic and melodic ideas, and describe connection to specific purpose and context (such as personal and social). b. Generate musical ideas (such as rhythms and melodies) within a given tonality and/or meter. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.3 Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Demonstrate selected musical ideas for a simple improvisation or composition to express intent, and describe connection to a specific purpose and context. b. Use standard and/or iconic notation and/or recording technology to document personal rhythmic and melodic musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.3 Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Evaluate, refine, and document revisions to personal musical ideas, applying teacher-provided and collaboratively-developed criteria and feedback. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate, and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? MU: Cr3.2.3 Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Present the final version of personal created music to others, and describe connection to expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 37 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.3 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Demonstrate and explain how the selection of music to perform is influenced by personal interest, knowledge, purpose, and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own technical skill, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.3 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate understanding of the structure in music selected for performance. b. When analyzing selected music, read and perform rhythmic patterns and melodic phrases using iconic and standard notation. c. Describe how context (such as personal and social) can inform a performance. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? MU: Pr4.3.3 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate and describe how intent is conveyed through expressive qualities (such as dynamics and tempo). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 38 PERFORMING MU: Pr5.1.3 Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Apply teacher-provided and collaboratively-developed criteria and feedback to evaluate accuracy of ensemble performances. b. Rehearse to refine technical accuracy, expressive qualities, and identified performance challenges. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.3 Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Perform music with expression and technical accuracy. b. Demonstrate performance decorum and audience etiquette appropriate for the context and venue. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and culture. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.3 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Demonstrate and describe how selected music connects to and is influenced by specific interests, experiences, or purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 39 RESPONDING MU: Re7.2.3 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate and describe how a response to music can be informed by the structure, the use of the elements of music, and context (such as personal and social). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.3 Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate and describe how the expressive qualities (such as dynamics and tempo) are used in performers’ interpretations to reflect expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern the musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? MU: Re9.1.3 Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Evaluate musical works and performances, applying established criteria, and describe appropriateness to the context. Evaluate musical works and performances, applying established criteria, and describe appropriateness to the context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical work(s) and performance(s) is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 40 CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.3 Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr2.1.3a Demonstrate selected musical ideas for a simple improvisation or composition to express intent, and describe connection to a specific purpose and context. MU:Cr3.2.3a Present the final version of created music for others, and describe connection to expressive intent. MU:Pr4.1.3a Demonstrate and explain how the selection of music to perform is influenced by personal interest, knowledge, purpose, and context. MU:Pr4.3.3a Demonstrate and describe how intent is conveyed through expressive qualities (such as dynamics and tempo). MU:Re7.1.3a Demonstrate and describe how selected music connects to and is influenced by specific interests, experiences, or purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing, and responding? MU: Cn11.0.3 Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.3a Improvise rhythmic and melodic ideas, and describe connection to specific purpose and context (such as personal and social). MU:Pr4.2.3c Describe how context (such as personal and social) can inform a performance. MU:Pr6.1.3b Demonstrate performance decorum and audience etiquette appropriate for the context and venue. MU:Re7.2.3a Demonstrate and describe how a response to music can be informed by the structure, the use of the elements of music, and context (such as personal and social). MU:Re9.1.3a Evaluate musical works and performances, applying established criteria, and describe appropriateness to the context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts, and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 41 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.4 Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Improvise rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic ideas, and explain connection to specific purpose and context (such as social and cultural). b. Generate musical ideas (such as rhythms, melodies, and simple accompaniment patterns) within related tonalities (such as major and minor) and meters. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.4 Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Demonstrate selected and organized musical ideas for an improvisation, arrangement, or composition to express intent, and explain connection to purpose and context. b. Use standard and/or iconic notation and/or recording technology to document personal rhythmic, melodic, and simple harmonic musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.4 Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Evaluate, refine, and document revisions to personal music, applying teacher-provided and collaboratively- developed criteria and feedback to show improvement over time. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate, and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? MU: Cr3.2.4 Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Present the final version of personal created music to others, and explain connection to expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 42 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.4 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Demonstrate and explain how the selection of music to perform is influenced by personal interest, knowledge, context, and technical skill. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own technical skill, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.4 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate understanding of the structure and the elements of music (such as rhythm, pitch, and form) in music selected for performance. b. When analyzing selected music, read and perform using iconic and/or standard notation. c. Explain how context (such as social and cultural) informs a performance. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? MU: Pr4.3.4 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate and explain how intent is conveyed through interpretive decisions and expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, and timbre). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 43 PERFORMING MU: Pr5.1.4 Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Apply teacher-provided and collaboratively-developed criteria and feedback to evaluate accuracy and expressiveness of ensemble and personal performances. b. Rehearse to refine technical accuracy and expressive qualities, and address performance challenges. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.4 Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Perform music, alone or with others, with expression and technical accuracy, and appropriate interpretation. b. Demonstrate performance decorum and audience etiquette appropriate for the context, venue, and genre. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and culture. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.4 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Demonstrate and explain how selected music connects to and is influenced by specific interests, experiences, purposes, or contexts. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 44 RESPONDING MU: Re7.2.4 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate and explain how responses to music are informed by the structure, the use of the elements of music, and context (such as social and cultural). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.4 Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate and explain how the expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, and timbre) are used in performers’ and personal interpretations to reflect expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern the musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? MU: Re9.1.4 Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Evaluate musical works and performances, applying established criteria, and explain appropriateness to the context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical work(s) and performance(s) is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 45 CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.4 Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr2.1.4a Demonstrate selected and organized musical ideas for an improvisation, arrangement, or composition to express intent, and explain connection to purpose and context. MU:Cr3.2.4a Present the final version of created music for others, and explain connection to expressive intent. MU:Pr4.1.4a Demonstrate and explain how the selection of music to perform is influenced by personal interest, knowledge, context, and technical skill. MU:Pr4.3.4a Demonstrate and explain how intent is conveyed through interpretive decisions and expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, and timbre). MU:Re7.1.4a Demonstrate and explain how selected music connects to and is influenced by specific interests, experiences, purposes, or contexts. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing, and responding? MU: Cn11.0.4 Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.4a Improvise rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic ideas, and explain connection to specific purpose and context (such as social and cultural). MU:Pr4.2.4c Explain how context (such as social and cultural) informs a performance. MU:Pr6.1.4b Demonstrate performance decorum and audience etiquette appropriate for the context, venue, and genre. MU:Re7.2.4a Demonstrate and explain how responses to music are informed by the structure, the use of the elements of music, and context (such as social and cultural). MU:Re9.1.4a Evaluate musical works and performances, applying established criteria, and explain appropriateness to the context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts, and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 46 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.5 Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Improvise rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic ideas, and explain connection to specific purpose and context (such as social, cultural, and historical). b. Generate musical ideas (such as rhythms, melodies, and accompaniment patterns) within specific related tonalities, meters, and simple chord changes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.5 Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Demonstrate selected and developed musical ideas for improvisations, arrangements, or compositions to express intent, and explain connection to purpose and context. b. Use standard and/or iconic notation and/or recording technology to document personal rhythmic, melodic, and two-chord harmonic musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.5 Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Evaluate, refine, and document revisions to personal music, applying teacher-provided and collaboratively- developed criteria and feedback, and explain rationale for changes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate, and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 47 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.5 Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Present the final version of personal created music to others that demonstrates craftsmanship, and explain connection to expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.5 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Demonstrate and explain how the selection of music to perform is influenced by personal interest, knowledge, and context, as well as their personal and others’ technical skill. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own technical skill, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.5 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate understanding of the structure and the elements of music (such as rhythm, pitch, form, and harmony) in music selected for performance. b. When analyzing selected music, read and perform using standard notation. c. Explain how context (such as social, cultural, and historical) informs performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 48 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.5 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate and explain how intent is conveyed through interpretive decisions and expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, timbre, and articulation/style). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.5 Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Apply teacher-provided and established criteria and feedback to evaluate the accuracy and expressiveness of ensemble and personal performances. b. Rehearse to refine technical accuracy and expressive qualities to address challenges, and show improvement over time. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.5 Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Perform music, alone or with others, with expression, technical accuracy, and appropriate interpretation. b. Demonstrate performance decorum and audience etiquette appropriate for the context, venue, genre, and style. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and culture. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 49 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.5 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Demonstrate and explain, citing evidence, how selected music connects to and is influenced by specific interests, experiences, purposes, or contexts. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.5 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate and explain, citing evidence, how responses to music are informed by the structure, the use of the elements of music, and context (such as social, cultural, and historical). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.5 Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate and explain how the expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, timbre, and articulation) are used in performers’ and personal interpretations to reflect expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern the musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 50 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.5 Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Evaluate musical works and performances, applying established criteria, and explain appropriateness to the context, citing evidence from the elements of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical work(s) and performance(s) is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.5 Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr2.1.5a Demonstrate selected and developed musical ideas for improvisations, arrangements, or compositions to express intent, and explain connection to purpose and context. MU:Cr3.2.5a Present the final version of created music for others that demonstrates craftsmanship, and explain connection to expressive intent. MU:Pr4.1.5a Demonstrate and explain how the selection of music to perform is influenced by personal interest, knowledge, context, as well as their personal and others’ technical skill. MU:Pr4.3.5a Demonstrate and explain how intent is conveyed through interpretive decisions and expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, timbre, and articulation/style). MU:Re7.1.5a Demonstrate and explain, citing evidence, how selected music connects to, and is influenced by specific interests, experiences, purposes, or contexts. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing, and responding? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 51 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.5 Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.5a Improvise rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic ideas, and explain connection to specific purpose and context (such as social, cultural, and historical). MU:Pr4.2.5c Explain how context (such as social, cultural, and historical) informs performances. MU:Pr6.1.5b Demonstrate performance decorum and audience etiquette appropriate for the context, venue, genre, and style. MU:Re7.2.5a Demonstrate and explain, citing evidence, how responses to music are informed by the structure, the use of the elements of music, and context (such as social, cultural, and historical). MU:Re9.1.5a Evaluate musical works and performances, applying established criteria, and explain appropriateness to the context, citing evidence from the elements of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts, and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 52 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.6 Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Generate simple rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic phrases within AB and ABA forms that convey expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.6 Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select, organize, construct, and document personal musical ideas for arrangements and compositions within AB or ABA form that demonstrate an effective beginning, middle, and ending, and convey expressive intent. b. Use standard and/or iconic notation and/or audio/ video recording to document personal simple rhythmic phrases, melodic phrases, and two-chord harmonic musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.6 Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Evaluate their own work, applying teacher-provided criteria such as application of selected elements of music, and use of sound sources. b. Describe the rationale for making revisions to the music based on evaluation criteria and feedback from their teacher. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate, and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 53 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.6 Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Present the final version of their documented personal composition or arrangement, using craftsmanship and originality to demonstrate an effective beginning, middle, and ending, and convey expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.6 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Apply teacher-provided criteria for selecting music to perform for a specific purpose and/or context, and explain why each was chosen. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own technical skill, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.6 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Explain how understanding the structure and the elements of music are used in music selected for performance. b. When analyzing selected music, read and identify by name or function standard symbols for rhythm, pitch, articulation, and dynamics. c. Identify how cultural and historical context inform performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 54 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.6 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Perform a selected piece of music demonstrating how their interpretations of the elements of music and the expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, timbre, articulation/style, and phrasing) convey intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.6 Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Identify and apply teacher-provided criteria (such as correct interpretation of notation, technical accuracy, originality, and interest) to rehearse, refine, and determine when a piece is ready to perform. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.6 Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Perform the music with technical accuracy to convey the creator’s intent. b. Demonstrate performance decorum (such as stage presence, attire, and behavior) and audience etiquette appropriate for venue and purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and culture. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 55 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.6 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Select or choose music to listen to and explain the connections to specific interests or experiences for a specific purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.6 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Describe how the elements of music and expressive qualities relate to the structure of the pieces. b. Identify the context of music from a variety of genres, cultures, and historical periods. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.6 Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Describe a personal interpretation of how creators’ and performers’ application of the elements of music and expressive qualities, within genres and cultural and historical context, convey expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern the musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 56 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.6 Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Apply teacher-provided criteria to evaluate musical works or performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical work(s) and performance(s) is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.6 Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr2.1.6a Select, organize, construct, and document personal musical ideas for arrangements and compositions within AB or ABA form that demonstrate an effective beginning, middle, and ending, and convey expressive intent. MU:Cr3.2.6a Present the final version of their documented personal composition or arrangement, using craftsmanship and originality to demonstrate an effective beginning, middle, and ending, and convey expressive intent. MU:Pr4.1.6a Apply teacher-provided criteria for selecting music to perform for a specific purpose and/or context and explain why each was chosen. MU:Pr4.3.6a Perform a selected piece of music demonstrating how their interpretations of the elements of music and the expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, timbre, articulation/style, and phrasing) convey intent. MU:Re7.1.6a Select or choose music to listen to and explain the connections to specific interests or experiences for a specific purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing, and responding? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 57 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.6 Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.6a Generate simple rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic phrases within AB and ABA forms that convey expressive intent. MU:Pr4.2.6c Identify how cultural and historical context inform the performances. MU:Pr6.1.6b Demonstrate performance decorum (such as stage presence, attire, and behavior) and audience etiquette appropriate for venue and purpose. MU:Re7.2.6b Identify the context of music from a variety of genres, cultures, and historical periods. MU:Re9.1.6a Apply teacher-provided criteria to evaluate musical works or performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts, and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 58 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.7 Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Generate rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic phrases and variations over harmonic accompaniments within AB, ABA, or theme and variation forms that convey expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.7 Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select, organize, develop and document personal musical ideas for arrangements, songs, and compositions within AB, ABA, or theme and variation forms that demonstrate unity and variety and convey expressive intent. b. Use standard and/or iconic notation and/or audio/ video recording to document personal simple rhythmic phrases, melodic phrases, and harmonic sequences. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.7 Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Evaluate their own work, applying selected criteria such as appropriate application of elements of music including style, form, and use of sound sources. b. Describe the rationale for making revisions to the music based on evaluation criteria and feedback from others (teacher and peers). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate, and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 59 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.7 Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Present the final version of their documented personal composition, song, or arrangement, using craftsmanship and originality to demonstrate unity and variety, and convey expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.7 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Apply collaboratively-developed criteria for selecting music of contrasting styles for a program with a specific purpose and/or context and, after discussion, identify expressive qualities, technical challenges, and reasons for choices. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own technical skill, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.7 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Explain and demonstrate the structure of contrasting pieces of music selected for performance and how elements of music are used. b. When analyzing selected music, read and identify by name or function standard symbols for rhythm, pitch articulation, dynamics, tempo, and form. c. Identify how cultural and historical context inform performances and result in different music interpretations. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 60 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.7 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Perform contrasting pieces of music demonstrating their interpretations of the elements of music and expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, timbre, articulation/style, and phrasing) convey intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.7 Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Identify and apply collaboratively-developed criteria (such as demonstrating correct interpretation of notation, technical skill of performer, originality, emotional impact, and interest) to rehearse, refine, and determine when the music is ready to perform. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.7 Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Perform the music with technical accuracy and stylistic expression to convey the creator’s intent. b. Demonstrate performance decorum (such as stage presence, attire, and behavior) and audience etiquette appropriate for venue, purpose, and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and culture. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 61 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.7 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Select or choose contrasting music to listen to and compare the connections to specific interests or experiences for a specific purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.7 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Classify and explain how the elements of music and expressive qualities relate to the structure of contrasting pieces. b. Identify and compare the context of music from a variety of genres, cultures, and historical periods. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.7 Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Describe a personal interpretation of contrasting works and explain how creators’ and performers’ application of the elements of music and expressive qualities, within genres, cultures, and historical periods, convey expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern the musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 62 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.7 Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Select from teacher-provided criteria to evaluate musical works or performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical work(s) and performance(s) is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.7 Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr2.1.7a Select, organize, develop and document personal musical ideas for arrangements, songs, and compositions within AB, ABA, or theme and variation forms that demonstrate unity and variety and convey expressive intent. MU:Cr3.2.7a Present the final version of their documented personal composition, song, or arrangement, using craftsmanship and originality to demonstrate unity and variety, and convey expressive intent. MU:Pr4.1.7a Apply collaboratively-developed criteria for selecting music of contrasting styles for a program with a specific purpose and/or context and, after discussion, identify expressive qualities, technical challenges, and reasons for choices. MU:Pr4.3.7a Perform contrasting pieces of music demonstrating their personal interpretations of the elements of music and expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, timbre, articulation/style, and phrasing) convey intent. MU:Re7.1.7a Select or choose contrasting music to listen to and compare the connection to specific interests or experiences for a specific purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing, and responding? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 63 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.7 Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.7a Generate rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic phrases and variations over harmonic accompaniments within AB, ABA, or theme and variation forms that convey expressive intent. MU:Pr4.2.7c Identify how cultural and historical context inform performance and results in different music interpretations. MU:Pr6.1.7b Demonstrate performance decorum (such as stage presence, attire, and behavior) and audience etiquette appropriate for venue, purpose, and context. MU:Re7.2.7b Identify and compare the context of music from a variety of genres, cultures, and historical periods. MU:Re9.1.7a Select from teacher-provided criteria to evaluate musical works or performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts, and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 64 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.8 Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Generate rhythmic, melodic and harmonic phrases and harmonic accompaniments within expanded forms (including introductions, transitions, and codas) that convey expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.8 Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select, organize, and document personal musical ideas for arrangements, songs, and compositions within expanded forms that demonstrate tension and release, unity and variety, balance, and convey expressive intent. b. Use standard and/or iconic notation and/or audio/ video recording to document personal rhythmic phrases, melodic phrases, and harmonic sequences. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.8 Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Evaluate their own work by selecting and applying criteria including appropriate application of compositional techniques, style, form, and use of sound sources. b. Describe the rationale for refining works by explaining the choices, based on evaluation criteria. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate, and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 65 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.8 Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Present the final version of their documented personal composition, song, or arrangement, using craftsmanship and originality to demonstrate the application of compositional techniques for creating unity and variety, tension and release, and balance to convey expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.8 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Apply personally-developed criteria for selecting music of contrasting styles for a program with a specific purpose and/or context, and explain expressive qualities, technical challenges, and reasons for choices. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own technical skill, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.8 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Compare the structure of contrasting pieces of music selected for performance, explaining how the elements of music are used in each. b. When analyzing selected music, sight-read in treble or bass clef simple rhythmic, melodic, and/or harmonic notation. c. Identity how cultural and historical context inform performances and result in different musical effects. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 66 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.8 Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Perform contrasting pieces of music, demonstrating as well as explaining how the music’s intent is conveyed by their interpretations of the elements of music and expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, timbre, articulation/style, and phrasing). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.8 Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Identify and apply personally-developed criteria (such as demonstrating correct interpretation of notation, technical skill of performer, originality, emotional impact, variety, and interest) to rehearse, refine, and determine when the music is ready to perform. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.8 Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Perform the music with technical accuracy, stylistic expression, and culturally authentic practices in music to convey the creator’s intent. b. Demonstrate performance decorum (such as stage presence, attire, and behavior) and audience etiquette appropriate for venue, purpose, context, and style. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and culture. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 67 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.8 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Select programs of music (such as a CD mix or live performances) and demonstrate the connections to an interest or experience for a specific purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.8 Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Compare how the elements of music and expressive qualities relate to the structure within programs of music. b. Identify and compare the context of programs of music from a variety of genres, cultures, and historical periods. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.8 Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Support personal interpretation of contrasting programs of music and explain how creators’ or performers’ apply the elements of music and expressive qualities, within genres, cultures, and historical periods to convey expressive intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern the musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 68 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.8 Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Apply appropriate personally-developed criteria to evaluate musical works or performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical work(s) and performance(s) is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.8 Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr2.1.8a Select, organize, and document personal musical ideas for arrangements, songs, and compositions within expanded forms that demonstrate tension and release, unity and variety, and balance, and convey expressive intent. MU:Cr3.2.8a Present the final version of their documented personal composition, song, or arrangement, using craftsmanship and originality to demonstrate the application of compositional techniques for creating unity and variety, tension and release, and balance to convey expressive intent. MU:Pr4.1.8a Apply personally-developed criteria for selecting music of contrasting styles for a program with a specific purpose and/or context, and explain expressive qualities, technical challenges, and reasons for choices. MU:Pr4.3.8a Perform contrasting pieces of music, demonstrating as well as explaining how the music’s intent is conveyed by their interpretations of the elements of music and expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, timbre, articulation/style, and phrasing). MU:Re7.1.8a Select programs of music (such as a CD mix or live performances) and demonstrate the connections to an interest or experience for a specific purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing, and responding? Pre-Kindergarten through 8th Grade [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 69 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.8 Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.8a Generate rhythmic, melodic and harmonic phrases and harmonic accompaniments within expanded forms (including introductions, transitions, and codas) that convey expressive intent. MU:Pr4.2.8c Identity how cultural and historical context inform performance and results in different musical effects. MU:Pr6.1.8b Demonstrate performance decorum (such as stage presence, attire, and behavior) and audience etiquette appropriate for venue, purpose, context, and style. MU:Re7.2.8b Identify and compare the context of programs of music from a variety of genres, cultures, and historical periods. MU:Re9.1.8a Apply appropriate personally-developed criteria to evaluate musical works or performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts, and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 70 Harmonizing Instruments [MUSIC] Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 71 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.H.5 NOVICE Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Generate melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas for simple melodies (such as two-phrase) and chordal accompaniments for given melodies. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.H.5 NOVICE Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select, develop, and use standard notation or audio/video recording to document melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas for drafts of simple melodies (such as two-phrase) and chordal accompaniments for given melodies. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.H.5 NOVICE Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Apply teacher-provided criteria to critique, improve, and refine drafts of simple melodies (such as two-phrase) and chordal accompaniments for given melodies. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 72 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.H.5 NOVICE Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Share final versions of simple melodies (such as two-phrase) and chordal accompaniments for given melodies, demonstrating an understanding of how to develop and organize personal musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.H.5 NOVICE Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Describe and demonstrate how a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments is selected, based on personal interest, music reading skills, and technical skill, as well as the context of the performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.H.5 NOVICE Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Identify prominent melodic and harmonic characteristics in a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments selected for performance, including at least some based on reading standard notation. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 73 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.H.5 NOVICE Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate and describe in interpretations an understanding of the context and expressive intent in a varied repertoire of music selected for performance that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.H.5 NOVICE Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Apply teacher-provided criteria to critique individual performances of a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments selected for performance, and apply practice strategies to address performance challenges and refine the performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.H.5 NOVICE Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Perform with expression and technical accuracy in individual performances of a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments, demonstrating understanding of the audience and the context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 74 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.H.5 NOVICE Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Demonstrate and describe reasons for selecting music, based on characteristics found in the music and connections to interest, purpose, or personal experience. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.H.5 NOVICE Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate and explain, citing evidence, the use of repetition, similarities and contrasts in musical selections and how these and knowledge of the context (social or cultural) inform the response. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.H.5 NOVICE Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Identify interpretations of the expressive intent and meaning of musical selections, referring to the elements of music, context (personal or social), and (when appropriate) the setting of the text. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 75 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.H.5 NOVICE Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Identify and describe how interest, experiences, and contexts (personal or social) effect the evaluation of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.H.5 NOVICE Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.H.5a Share final versions of simple melodies (such as two-phrase) and chordal accompaniments for given melodies, demonstrating an understanding of how to develop and organize personal musical ideas. MU:Pr4.1.H.5a Describe and demonstrate how a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments is selected, based on personal interest, music reading skills, and technical skills, as well as the context of the performances. MU:Re7.1.H.5a Demonstrate and describe reasons for choosing musical selections, based on characteristics found in the music and connections to interest, purpose, or experiences. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 76 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.H.5 NOVICE Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Pr4.3.H.5a Demonstrate and describe in interpretations an understanding of the context and expressive intent in a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments selected for performance. MU:Re7.2.H.5a Demonstrate and explain, citing evidence, the use of repetition, similarities and contrasts in musical selections and how these and knowledge of the context (social or cultural) influence the response. MU:Re9.1.H.5a Identify and describe how interest, experiences and contexts (personal or social) effect the evaluation of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 77 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Generate melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas for melodies (created over specified chord progressions or AB/ABA forms) and two-to-three-chord accompaniments for given melodies. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select, develop, and use standard notation and audio/video recording to document melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas for drafts of melodies (created over specified chord progressions or AB/ABA forms) and two- to-three-chord accompaniments for given melodies. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Apply teacher-provided criteria to critique, improve, and refine drafts of melodies (created over specified chord progressions or AB/ABA forms) and two-to-three-chord accompaniments for given melodies. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 78 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Share final versions of melodies (created over specified chord progressions or AB/ABA forms) and two-to- three-chord accompaniments for given melodies, demonstrating an understanding of how to develop and organize personal musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Describe and demonstrate how a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments is selected, based on personal interest, music reading skills, and technical skill (citing technical challenges that need to be addressed), as well as the context of the performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Identify prominent melodic, harmonic, and structural characteristics and context (social, cultural, or historical) in a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments selected for performance, including at least some based on reading standard notation. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 79 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate and describe in interpretations an understanding of the context (social, cultural, or historical) and expressive intent in a varied repertoire of music selected for performance that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Apply teacher-provided criteria to critique individual performances of a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments selected for performance, and identify practice strategies to address performance challenges and refine the performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Perform with expression and technical accuracy in individual performances of a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments, demonstrating sensitivity to the audience and an understanding of the context (social, cultural, or historical). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 80 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Explain reasons for selecting music citing characteristics found in the music and connections to interest, purpose, and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Describe how the way that the elements of music are manipulated and knowledge of the context (social and cultural) inform the response. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Identify and support interpretations of the expressive intent and meaning of musical selections, citing as evidence the treatment of the elements of music, context, and (when appropriate) the setting of the text. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 81 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Explain the influence of experiences and contexts (personal, social, or cultural) on interest in and the evaluation of a varied repertoire of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.H.8a Share final versions of melodies (created over specified chord progressions or AB/ABA forms) and two-to-three-chord accompaniments for given melodies, demonstrating an understanding of how to develop and organize personal musical ideas. MU:Pr4.1.H.8a Describe and demonstrate how a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments is selected, based on personal interest, music reading skills, and technical skills (citing technical challenges that need to be addressed), as well as the context of the performances. MU:Re7.1.H.8a Cite reasons for how the musical selections use the elements of music and make connections to specific interests, purposes, and experiences. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 82 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.H.8 INTERMEDIATE Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Pr4.3.H.8a Demonstrate and describe in interpretations an understanding of the context (social, cultural, or historical) and expressive intent in a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, and chordal accompaniments selected for performance. MU:Re7.2.H.8a Describe how the way that the elements of music are manipulated and knowledge of the context (social and cultural) influence the response. MU:Re9.1.H.8a Explain the influence of experiences and contexts (personal, social, or cultural) on interest in and the evaluation of a varied repertoire of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 83 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.H.I HS PROFICIENT Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Generate melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas for improvisations, compositions (forms such as theme and variation or 12-bar blues), and three-or-more-chord accompaniments in a variety of patterns (such as arpeggio, country and gallop strumming, finger picking patterns). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.H.I HS PROFICIENT Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select, develop, and use standard notation and audio/video recording to document melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas for drafts of improvisations, compositions (forms such as theme and variation or 12-bar blues), and three-or-more-chord accompaniments in a variety of patterns (such as arpeggio, country and gallop strumming, finger picking patterns). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.H.I HS PROFICIENT Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Develop and apply criteria to critique, improve, and refine drafts of improvisations, compositions (forms such as theme and variation or 12-bar blues) and three-or-more-chord accompaniments in a variety of patterns (such as arpeggio, country and gallop strumming, finger picking patterns). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 84 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.H.I HS PROFICIENT Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Perform final versions of improvisations, compositions (forms such as theme and variation or 12-bar blues), and three-or-more-chord accompaniments in a variety of patterns (such as arpeggio, country and gallop strumming, finger picking patterns), demonstrating technical skill in applying principles of composition/improvisation and originality in developing and organizing musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.H.I HS PROFICIENT Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Explain the criteria used when selecting a varied repertoire of music for individual or small group performances that include melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of patterns (such as arpeggio, country and gallop strumming, finger picking patterns). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.H.I HS PROFICIENT Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Identify and describe important theoretical and structural characteristics and context (social, cultural, or historical) in a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of patterns (such as arpeggio, country and gallop strumming, finger picking patterns). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 85 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.H.I HS PROFICIENT Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Describe in interpretations the context (social, cultural, or historical) and expressive intent in a varied repertoire of music selected for performance that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of patterns (such as arpeggio, country and gallop strumming, finger picking patterns). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.H.I HS PROFICIENT Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Develop and apply criteria to critique individual and small group performances of a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of patterns (such as arpeggio, country and gallop strumming, finger picking patterns), and create rehearsal strategies to address performance challenges and refine the performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.H.I HS PROFICIENT Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Perform with expression and technical accuracy, in individual and small group performances, a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of patterns (such as arpeggio, country and gallop strumming, finger picking patterns), demonstrating sensitivity to the audience and an understanding of the context (social, cultural, or historical). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 86 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.H.I HS PROFICIENT Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Apply criteria to select music for specified purposes, supporting choices by citing characteristics found in the music and connections to interest, purpose, and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.H.I HS PROFICIENT Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Compare passages in musical selections and explain how the elements of music and context (social, cultural, or historical) inform the response. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.H.I HS PROFICIENT Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Explain and support interpretations of the expressive intent and meaning of musical selections, citing as evidence the treatment of the elements of music, context (personal, social, and cultural), and (when appropriate) the setting of the text, and outside sources. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 87 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.H.I HS PROFICIENT Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Develop and apply teacher-provided and established criteria based on personal preference, analysis, and context (personal, social, and cultural) to evaluate individual and small group musical selections for listening. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.H.I HS PROFICIENT Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.H.Ia Perform final versions of improvisations, compositions (forms such as theme and variation or 12-bar blues) and three-or- more-chord accompaniments in a variety of patterns (such as arpeggio, country and gallop strumming, finger picking patterns), demonstrating technical skills in applying principles of composition/improvisation and originality in developing and organizing musical ideas. MU:Pr4.1.H.Ia Explain the criteria used when selecting a varied repertoire of music, based on personal interest and technical skills for individual or small group performances that include melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of patterns (such as arpeggio, country and gallop strumming, finger picking patterns). MU:Re7.1.H.Ia Cite reasons for choosing individual and small group musical selections for listening, based on characteristics found in the music, connections to interest, purpose, and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 88 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.H.I HS PROFICIENT Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Pr4.3.H.Ia Describe in interpretations the context (social, cultural, or historical) and expressive intent in a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of patterns (such as arpeggio, country and gallop strumming, finger picking patterns) selected for performance. MU:Re7.2.H.Ia Compare passages in musical selections and explain how the elements of music and context (social, cultural, or historical) influence the response. MU:Re9.1.H.Ia Develop and apply teacher-provided and established criteria based on personal preference, analysis, and context (personal, social, and cultural) to evaluate individual and small group musical selections for listening. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 89 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Generate melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas for compositions (forms such as rounded binary or rondo), improvisations, accompaniment patterns in a variety of styles, and harmonizations for given melodies. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select, develop, and use standard notation and audio/video recording to document melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas for drafts of compositions (forms such as rounded binary or rondo), improvisations, accompaniment patterns in a variety of styles, and harmonizations for given melodies. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Develop and apply criteria to critique, improve, and refine drafts of compositions (forms such as rounded binary or rondo), improvisations, accompaniment patterns in a variety of styles, and harmonizations for given melodies. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 90 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Perform final versions of compositions (forms such as rounded binary or rondo), improvisations, accompaniment patterns in a variety of styles, and harmonizations for given melodies, demonstrating technical skill in applying principles of composition/improvisation and originality in developing and organizing musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Develop and apply criteria for selecting a varied repertoire of music for individual and small group performances that include melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of styles. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Identify and describe important theoretical and structural characteristics and context (social, cultural, and historical) in a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of styles. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 91 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Explain in interpretations the context (social, cultural, and historical) and expressive intent in a varied repertoire of music selected for performance that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of styles. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Develop and apply criteria to critique individual and small group performances of a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of styles, and create rehearsal strategies to address performance challenges and refine the performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Perform with expression and technical accuracy, in individual and small group performances, a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of styles, demonstrating sensitivity to the audience and an understanding of the context (social, cultural, and historical). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 92 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Apply criteria to select music for a variety of purposes, justifying choices citing knowledge of the music and the specified purpose and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Explain how the analysis of the structures and context (social, cultural, and historical) of contrasting musical selections inform the response. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Explain and support interpretations of the expressive intent and meaning of musical selections, citing as evidence the treatment of the elements of music, context (personal, social, and cultural), and (when appropriate) the setting of the text, and varied researched sources. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 93 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Apply personally-developed and established criteria based on research, personal preference, analysis, interpretation, expressive intent, and musical qualities to evaluate contrasting individual and small group musical selections for listening. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.H.IIa Perform final versions of compositions (forms such as rounded binary or rondo), improvisations, accompaniment patterns in a variety of styles, and harmonizations for given melodies, demonstrating technical skills in applying principles of composition/improvisation and originality in developing and organizing musical ideas. MU:Pr4.1.H.IIa Develop and apply criteria for selecting a varied repertoire of music, based on personal interest and technical skills for individual and small group performances that include melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of styles. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 94 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.H.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Pr4.3.H.IIa Explain in interpretations the context (social, cultural, and historical) and expressive intent in a varied repertoire of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, improvisations, and chordal accompaniments in a variety of styles selected for performance. MU:Re7.2.H.IIa Explain how the analysis of the structures and context (social, cultural, and historical) from contrasting musical selections influence the response. MU:Re9.1.H.IIa Apply personally-developed and established criteria based on research, personal preference, analysis, interpretation, expressive intent, and musical qualities to evaluate contrasting individual and small group musical selections for listening. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 95 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.H.III HS ADVANCED Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Generate melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas for a collection of compositions (representing a variety of forms and styles), improvisations in several different styles, and stylistically appropriate harmonizations for given melodies. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.H.III HS ADVANCED Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select, develop, and use standard notation and audio/video recording to document melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas for drafts of compositions (representing a variety of forms and styles), improvisations in several different styles, and stylistically appropriate harmonizations for given melodies. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.H.III HS ADVANCED Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Develop and apply criteria to critique, improve, and refine drafts of compositions (representing a variety of forms and styles), improvisations in a variety of styles, and stylistically appropriate harmonizations for given melodies. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 96 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.H.III HS ADVANCED Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Perform final versions of a collection of compositions (representing a variety of forms and styles), improvisations in several different styles, and stylistically appropriate harmonizations for given melodies, demonstrating technical skill in applying principles of composition/improvisation and originality in developing and organizing musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.H.III HS ADVANCED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Develop and apply criteria for selecting a varied repertoire for a program of music for individual and small group performances that include melodies, repertoire pieces, stylistically appropriate accompaniments, and improvisations in a variety of contrasting styles. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.H.III HS ADVANCED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Identify and describe important theoretical and structural characteristics and context (social, cultural, and historical) in a varied repertoire of music selected for performance programs that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, stylistically appropriate accompaniments, and improvisations in a variety of contrasting styles. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 97 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.H.III HS ADVANCED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Explain and present interpretations that demonstrate and describe the context (social, cultural, and historical) and an understanding of the creator’s intent in repertoire for varied programs of music that include melodies, repertoire pieces, stylistically appropriate accompaniments, and improvisations in a variety of contrasting styles. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.H.III HS ADVANCED Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Develop and apply criteria, including feedback from multiple sources, to critique varied programs of music repertoire (melodies, repertoire pieces, stylistically appropriate accompaniments, improvisations in a variety of contrasting styles) selected for individual and small group performance, and create rehearsal strategies to address performance challenges and refine the performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.H.III HS ADVANCED Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Perform with expression and technical accuracy, in individual and small group performances, a varied repertoire for programs of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, stylistically appropriate accompaniments, and improvisations in a variety of contrasting styles, demonstrating sensitivity to the audience and an understanding of the context (social, cultural, and historical). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 98 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.H.III HS ADVANCED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Select, describe, and compare a variety of individual and small group musical programs from varied cultures, genres, and historical periods. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.H.III HS ADVANCED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate and justify how the structural characteristics function within a variety of musical selections, and distinguish how context (social, cultural, and historical) and creative decisions inform the response. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.H.III HS ADVANCED Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Establish and justify interpretations of the expressive intent and meaning of musical selections by comparing and synthesizing varied researched sources, including reference to examples from other art forms. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 99 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.H.III HS ADVANCED Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Develop and justify evaluations of a variety of individual and small group musical selections for listening based on personally-developed and established criteria, personal decision making, and knowledge and understanding of context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.H.III HS ADVANCED Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.H.IIIa Perform final versions of a collection of compositions (representing a variety of forms and styles), improvisations in several different styles, and stylistically appropriate harmonizations for given melodies, demonstrating technical skills in applying principles of composition/improvisation and originality in developing and organizing musical ideas. MU:Pr4.1.H.IIIa Develop and apply criteria for selecting a varied repertoire of music for a program of music, based on personal interest and technical skills, for individual and small group performances that include melodies, repertoire pieces, stylistically appropriate accompaniments, and improvisations in several different styles. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? Harmonizing Instruments [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 100 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.H.III HS ADVANCED Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Pr4.3.H.IIIa Explain and present interpretations that demonstrate and describe the context (social, cultural, and historical) and an understanding of the creator’s intent in varied repertoire for a program of music that includes melodies, repertoire pieces, stylistically appropriate accompaniments, and improvisations in several different styles. MU:Re7.2.H.IIIa Demonstrate and justify how the structural characteristics function within a variety of musical selections, and distinguish how context (social, cultural, and historical) and creative decisions influence the response. MU:Re9.1.H.IIIa Develop and justify evaluations of a variety of individual and small group musical selections for listening based on personally-developed and established criteria, personal decision making, and knowledge and understanding of context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 101 Technology [MUSIC] Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 102 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.T.I HS PROFICIENT Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Generate melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas for compositions or improvisations using digital tools. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.T.I HS PROFICIENT Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas to develop into a larger work using digital tools and resources. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.T.I HS PROFICIENT Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Drawing on feedback from teachers and peers, develop and implement strategies to improve and refine the technical and expressive aspects of draft compositions and improvisations. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? MU: Cr3.2.T.I HS PROFICIENT Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Share compositions or improvisations that demonstrate a proficient level of musical and technological craftsmanship as well as the use of digital tools and resources in developing and organizing musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 103 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.T.I HS PROFICIENT Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Develop and explain the criteria used for selecting a varied repertoire of music based on interest, music reading skills, and an understanding of the performer’s technical and technological skill. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.T.I HS PROFICIENT Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Describe how context, structural aspects of the music, and digital media/tools inform prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? MU: Pr4.3.T.I HS PROFICIENT Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate how understanding the context, expressive challenges, and use of digital tools in a varied repertoire of music influence prepared or improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 104 PERFORMING MU: Pr5.1.T.I HS PROFICIENT Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Identify and implement rehearsal strategies to improve the technical and expressive aspects of prepared and improvised performances in a varied repertoire of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.T.I HS PROFICIENT Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Using digital tools, demonstrate attention to technical accuracy and expressive qualities in prepared and improvised performances of a varied repertoire of music. b. Demonstrate an understanding of the context of music through prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.T.I HS PROFICIENT Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Cite reasons for choosing music based on the use of the elements of music, digital and electronic aspects, and connections to interest or purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 105 RESPONDING MU: Re7.2.T.I HS PROFICIENT Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Explain how knowledge of the structure (repetition, similarities, contrasts), technological aspects, and purpose of the music informs the response. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.T.I HS PROFICIENT Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Explain and support an interpretation of the expressive intent of musical selections based on treatment of the elements of music, digital and electronic features, and purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? MU: Re9.1.T.I HS PROFICIENT Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Evaluate music using criteria based on analysis, interpretation, digital and electronic features, and personal interests. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 106 CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.T.I HS PROFICIENT Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.T.Ia Share compositions or improvisations that demonstrate a proficient level of musical and technological craftsmanship as well as the use of digital tools and resources in developing and organizing musical ideas. MU:Pr4.I.T.Ia Develop and explain the criteria used for selecting a varied repertoire of music based on interest, music reading skills, and an understanding of the performer’s technical and technological skill. MU:Pr4.3.T.Ia Demonstrate how understanding the context, expressive challenges, and use of digital tools in a varied repertoire of music influence prepared or improvised performances. MU:Re7.I.T.Ia Cite reasons for choosing music based on the use of the elements of music, digital and electronic aspects and connections to interest or purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? MU: Cn11.0.T.I HS PROFICIENT Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.T.Ia Generate melodic, rhythmic and harmonic ideas for compositions or improvisations using digital tools. MU:Pr4.2.T.Ia Describe how context, structural aspects of the music, and digital media/tools impact prepared and improvised performances. MU:Pr6.1.T.Ib Demonstrate an attention to and understanding of the context of music through prepared and improvised performance. MU:Re7.2.T.Ia Explain how knowledge of the structure (repetition, similarities, contrasts), technological aspects, and purpose of the music influence the response. MU:Re8.1.T.Ia Explain and support an interpretation of the expressive intent of musical selections based on treatment of the elements of music, digital and electronic features, and purpose. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 107 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Generate melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas for compositions and improvisations using digital tools and resources. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas to develop into a larger work that exhibits unity and variety using digital and analog tools. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Develop and implement varied strategies to improve and refine the technical and expressive aspects of draft compositions and improvisations. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? MU: Cr3.2.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Share compositions and improvisations that demonstrate an accomplished level of musical and technological craftsmanship as well as the use of digital and analog tools and resources in developing and organizing musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 108 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Develop and apply criteria to select a varied repertoire to study and perform based on interest; an understanding of theoretical and structural characteristics of the music; and the performer’s technical skill using digital tools and resources. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Describe and demonstrate how context, theoretical and structural aspects of the music and digital media/tools inform and influence prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? MU: Pr4.3.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate how understanding the style, genre, context, and use of digital tools and resources in a varied repertoire of music influences prepared or improvised performances and performers’ ability to connect with audiences. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 109 PERFORMING MU: Pr5.1.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Develop and implement rehearsal strategies to improve and refine the technical and expressive aspects of prepared and improvised performances in a varied repertoire of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their context, expressive intent, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Pr6.1.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Using digital tools and resources, demonstrate technical accuracy and expressive qualities in prepared and improvised performances of a varied repertoire of music representing diverse cultures, styles, and genres. b. Demonstrate an understanding of the expressive intent when connecting with an audience through prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Select and critique contrasting musical works, defending opinions based on manipulations of the elements of music, digital and electronic aspects, and the purpose and context of the works. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 110 RESPONDING MU: Re7.2.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Explain how an analysis of the structure, context, and technological aspects of the music informs the response. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Connect the influence of the treatment of the elements of music, digital and electronic features, context, purpose, and other art forms to the expressive intent of musical works. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? MU: Re9.1.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Apply criteria to evaluate music based on analysis, interpretation, artistic intent, digital, electronic, and analog features, and musical qualities. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 111 CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.T.IIa Share compositions and improvisations that demonstrate an accomplished level of musical and technological craftsmanship as well as the use of digital and analog tools and resources in developing and organizing musical ideas. MU:Pr4.I.T.IIa Develop and apply criteria to select a varied repertoire to study and perform based on interest; an understanding of theoretical and structural characteristics of the music; and the performer’s technical skill using digital tools and resources. MU:Pr4.3.T.IIa Demonstrate how understanding the style, genre, context, and use of digital tools and resources in a varied repertoire of music influences prepared or improvised performances and performers’ ability to connect with audiences. MU:Re7.I.T.IIa Select and critique contrasting musical works, defending opinions based on the elements of music, digital and electronic aspects and the purpose and context of the works. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? MU: Cn11.0.T.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.T.IIa Generate melodic, rhythmic and harmonic ideas for compositions or improvisations using digital tools and resources. MU:Pr4.2.T.IIa Describe and demonstrate how context, theoretical and structural aspects of the music and digital media/tools impact and influence prepared and improvised performances. MU:Pr6.1.T.IIb Demonstrate an understanding of the expressive intent when connecting with an audience through prepared and improvised performances. MU:Re7.2.T.IIa Explain how an analysis of the structure, context, and technological aspects of the music influences the response. MU:Re8.1.T.IIa Connect the influence of the treatment of the elements of music, digital and electronic features, context, purpose, and other art forms to the expressive intent of musical works. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 112 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.T.III HS ADVANCED Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Generate melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic ideas for compositions and improvisations that incorporate digital tools, resources, and systems. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.T.III HS ADVANCED Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select, develop, and organize multiple melodic, rhythmic and harmonic ideas to develop into a larger work that exhibits unity, variety, complexity, and coherence using digital and analog tools, resources, and systems. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.T.III HS ADVANCED Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Develop and implement varied strategies and apply appropriate criteria to improve and refine the technical and expressive aspects of draft compositions and improvisations. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? MU: Cr3.2.T.III HS ADVANCED Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Share a portfolio of musical creations representing varied styles and genres that demonstrates an advanced level of musical and technological craftsmanship as well as the use of digital and analog tools, resources and systems in developing and organizing musical ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 113 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.T.III HS ADVANCED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Develop and apply criteria to select varied programs to study and perform based on interest, an understanding of the theoretical and structural characteristics, as well as expressive challenges in the music, and the performer’s technical skill using digital tools, resources, and systems. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.T.III HS ADVANCED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Examine, evaluate and critique how context, theoretical and structural aspects of the music and digital media/tools inform and influence prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? MU: Pr4.3.T.III HS ADVANCED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate how understanding the style, genre, context, and integration of digital technologies in a varied repertoire of music informs and influences prepared and improvised performances and their ability to connect with audiences. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 114 PERFORMING MU: Pr5.1.T.III HS ADVANCED Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Apply appropriate criteria as well as feedback from multiple sources and develop and implement varied strategies to improve and refine the technical and expressive aspects of prepared and improvised performances in varied programs of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.T.III HS ADVANCED Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Integrating digital and analog tools and resources, demonstrate an understanding and attention to technical accuracy and expressive qualities of the music in prepared and improvised performances of a varied repertoire of music representing diverse cultures, styles, genres, and historical periods. b. Demonstrate an ability to connect with audience members before, and engaging with and responding to them during prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.T.III HS ADVANCED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Select, describe, and compare a variety of musical selections based on characteristics and knowledge of the music, understanding of digital and electronic aspects, and the purpose and context of the works. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 115 RESPONDING MU: Re7.2.T.III HS ADVANCED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate and justify how an analysis of the structural characteristics, context, and technological and creative decisions, informs interest in and response to the music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.T.III HS ADVANCED Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Examine, cite research and multiple sources to connect the influence of the treatment of the elements of music, digital and electronic features, context, purpose, and other art forms to the expressive intent of musical works. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? MU: Re9.1.T.III HS ADVANCED Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Develop and justify the evaluation of a variety of music based on established and personally-developed criteria, digital, electronic and analog features, and understanding of purpose and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? Technology [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 116 CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.T.III HS ADVANCED Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.T.IIIa Share a portfolio of musical creations representing varied styles and genres that demonstrates an advanced level of musical and technological craftsmanship as well as the use of digital and analog tools, resources and systems in developing and organizing musical ideas. MU:Pr4.I.T.IIIa Develop and apply criteria to select varied programs to study and perform based on interest, an understanding of the theoretical and structural characteristics, as well as expressive challenges in the music, and the performer’s technical skill using digital tools, resources, and systems. MU:Pr4.3.T.IIIa Demonstrate how understanding the style, genre, context, and integration of digital technologies in a varied repertoire of music informs and influences prepared and improvised performances and their ability to connect with audiences. MU:Re7.I.T.IIIa Select, describe and compare a variety of musical selections based on characteristics and knowledge of the music, understanding of digital and electronic aspects, and the purpose and context of the works. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? MU: Cn11.0.T.III HS ADVANCED Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.T.IIIa Generate melodic, rhythmic and harmonic ideas for compositions or improvisations that incorporate digital tools, resources and systems. MU:Pr4.2.T.IIIa Examine, evaluate and critique how context, theoretical and structural aspects of the music and digital media/tools impact and influence prepared and improvised performances. MU:Pr6.1.T.IIIb Demonstrate an ability to connect with audience members before, engaging with and responding to them through prepared and improvised performances. MU:Re7.2.T.IIIa Demonstrate and justify how an analysis of the structural characteristics, context and technological and creative decisions influences interest and response to the music. MU:Re8.1.T.IIIa Examine, cite research and multiple sources to connect the influence of the treatment of the elements of music, digital and electronic features, context, purpose, and other art forms to the expressive intent of musical works. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 117 Music Composition and Theory [MUSIC] Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 118 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.C.I HS PROFICIENT Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Describe how sounds and short musical ideas can be used to represent personal experiences, moods, visual images, and/or storylines. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.C.I HS PROFICIENT Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Assemble and organize sounds or short musical ideas to create initial expressions of selected experiences, moods, images, or storylines. b. Identify and describe the development of sounds or short musical ideas in drafts of music within simple forms (such as one-part, cyclical, or binary). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.C.I HS PROFICIENT Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Identify, describe, and apply teacher-provided criteria to assess and refine the technical and expressive aspects of evolving drafts leading to final versions. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 119 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.C.I HS PROFICIENT Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Share music through the use of notation, performance, or technology, and demonstrate how the elements of music have been employed to realize expressive intent. b. Describe the given context and performance medium for presenting personal works, and how they impact the final composition and presentation. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.C.I HS PROFICIENT Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Identify and select specific excerpts, passages, or sections in musical works that express a personal experience, mood, visual image, or storyline in simple forms (such as one-part, cyclical, binary). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.C.I HS PROFICIENT Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Analyze how the elements of music (including form) of selected works relate to style and mood, and explain the implications for rehearsal or performance. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 120 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.C.I HS PROFICIENT Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Develop interpretations of works based on an understanding of the use of elements of music, style, and mood, explaining how the interpretive choices reflect the creators’ intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.C.I HS PROFICIENT Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Create rehearsal plans for works, identifying repetition and variation within the form. b. Using established criteria and feedback, identify the way(s) in which performances convey the elements of music, style, and mood. c. Identify and implement strategies for improving the technical and expressive aspects of multiple works. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.C.I HS PROFICIENT Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Share live or recorded performances of works (both personal and others’), and explain how the elements of music are used to convey intent. b. Identify how compositions are appropriate for an audience or context, and how this will shape future compositions. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 121 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.C.I HS PROFICIENT Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Apply teacher-provided criteria to select music that expresses a personal experience, mood, visual image, or storyline in simple forms (such as one-part, cyclical, binary), and describe the choices as models for composition. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.C.I HS PROFICIENT Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Analyze aurally the elements of music (including form) of musical works, relating them to style, mood, and context, and describe how the analysis provides models for personal growth as composer, performer, and/or listener. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.C.I HS PROFICIENT Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Develop and explain interpretations of varied works, demonstrating an understanding of the composers’ intent by citing technical and expressive aspects as well as the style/genre of each work. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 122 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.C.I HS PROFICIENT Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Describe the effectiveness of the technical and expressive aspects of selected music and performances, demonstrating understanding of fundamentals of music theory. b. Describe the way(s) in which critiquing others’ work and receiving feedback from others can be applied in the personal creative process. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.C.I HS PROFICIENT Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.C.Ia Describe how sounds and short musical ideas can be used to represent personal experiences, moods, visual images, and/or storylines. MU:Cr3.2.C.Ia Share music through the use of notation, performance, or technology, and demonstrate how the elements of music have been employed to realize expressive intent. MU:Pr4.1.C.Ia Identify and select specific excerpts, passages, or sections in musical works that express a personal experience, mood, visual image, or storyline in simple forms (such as one-part, cyclical, binary). MU:Re8.1.C.Ia Develop and explain interpretations of varied works, demonstrating an understanding of the composers’ intent by citing technical and expressive aspects as well as the style/genre of each work. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 123 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.C.I HS PROFICIENT Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr2.1.C.Ia Assemble and organize sounds or short musical ideas to create initial expressions of selected experiences, moods, images, or storylines. MU:Pr4.2.C.Ia Analyze how the elements of music (including form) of the selected work(s) relate to the style and mood, and explain the implications for rehearsal or performance. MU:Pr6.1.C.Ib Identify how compositions are appropriate for an audience or context, and how this will shape future compositions. MU:Re7.2.C.Ia Analyze aurally the elements of music (including form) of musical works, relating them to style, mood, and context, and describe how the analysis provides models for personal growth as composer, performer, and/or listener. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 124 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Describe and demonstrate how sounds and musical ideas can be used to represent sonic events, memories, visual images, concepts, texts, or storylines. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Assemble and organize multiple sounds or musical ideas to create initial expressive statements of selected sonic events, memories, images, concepts, texts, or storylines. b. Describe and explain the development of sounds and musical ideas in drafts of music within a variety of simple or moderately complex forms (such as binary, rondo, or ternary). ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Identify, describe, and apply selected teacher-provided or personally-developed criteria to assess and refine the technical and expressive aspects of evolving drafts leading to final versions. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 125 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Share music through the use of notation, solo or group performance, or technology, and demonstrate and describe how the elements of music and compositional techniques have been employed to realize expressive intent. b. Describe the selected contexts and performance mediums for presenting personal works, and explain why they successfully impact the final composition and presentation. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Identify and select specific passages, sections, or movements in musical works that express personal experiences and interests, moods, visual images, concepts, texts, or storylines in simple forms (such as binary, ternary, rondo) or moderately complex forms. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Analyze how the elements of music (including form) of selected works relate to the style, function, and context, and explain the implications for rehearsal and performance. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 126 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Develop interpretations of works based on an understanding of the use of elements of music, style, mood, function, and context, explaining and supporting how the interpretive choices reflect the creators’ intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Create rehearsal plans for works, identifying the form, repetition and variation within the form, and the style and historical or cultural context of the work. b. Using established criteria and feedback, identify the ways in which performances convey the formal design, style, and historical/cultural context of the works. c. Identify and implement strategies for improving the technical and expressive aspects of varied works. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Share live or recorded performances of works (both personal and others’), and explain how the elements of music and compositional techniques are used to convey intent. b. Explain how compositions are appropriate for both audience and context, and how this will shape future compositions. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 127 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Apply teacher-provided or personally-developed criteria to select music that expresses personal experiences and interests, moods, visual images, concepts, texts, or storylines in simple or moderately complex forms, and describe and defend the choices as models for composition. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Analyze aurally and/or by reading the scores of musical works the elements of music (including form), compositional techniques and procedures, relating them to style, mood, and context; and explain how the analysis provides models for personal growth as composer, performer, and/or listener. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Develop and support interpretations of varied works, demonstrating an understanding of the composers’ intent by citing the use of elements of music (including form), compositional techniques, and the style/genre and context of each work. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 128 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Explain the effectiveness of the technical and expressive aspects of selected music and performances, demonstrating understanding of music theory as well as compositional techniques and procedures. b. Describe ways in which critiquing others’ work and receiving feedback from others have been specifically applied in the personal creative process. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.C.IIa Describe and demonstrate how sounds and musical ideas can be used to represent sonic events, memories, visual images, concepts, texts, or storylines. MU:Cr3.2.C.IIa Share music through the use of notation, solo or group performance, or technology, and demonstrate and describe how the elements of music and compositional techniques have been employed to realize expressive intent. MU:Pr4.1.C.IIa Identify and select specific passages, sections, or movements in musical works that express personal experiences and interests, moods, visual images, concepts, texts, or storylines in simple forms (such as binary, ternary, rondo) or moderately complex forms. MU:Re8.1.C.IIa Develop and support interpretations of varied works, demonstrating an understanding of the composers’ intent by citing their use of elements of music (including form), compositional techniques, and the style/genre and context of each work. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 129 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.C.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr2.1.C.IIa Assemble and organize multiple sounds or musical ideas to create an initial expressive statement of selected sonic events, memories, images, concepts, texts, or storylines. MU:Pr4.2.C.IIa Analyze how the elements of music (including form) of the selected work(s) relate to the style, function, and context, and explain the implications for rehearsal and performance. MU:Pr6.1.C.IIb Explain how compositions are appropriate for both audience and context, and how this will shape future compositions. MU:Re7.2.C.IIa Analyze aurally and/or by reading the scores of musical works, the elements of music (including form), compositional techniques and procedures, relating them to style, mood, and context; and explain how the analysis provides models for personal growth as composer, performer, and/or listener. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 130 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.C.III HS ADVANCED Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Describe and demonstrate multiple ways in which sounds and musical ideas can be used to represent extended sonic experiences or abstract ideas. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.C.III HS ADVANCED Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Assemble and organize multiple sounds or extended musical ideas to create initial expressive statements of selected extended sonic experiences or abstract ideas. b. Analyze and demonstrate the development of sounds and extended musical ideas in drafts of music within a variety of moderately complex or complex forms. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.C.III HS ADVANCED Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Research, identify, explain, and apply personally-developed criteria to assess and refine the technical and expressive aspects of evolving drafts leading to final versions. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 131 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.C.III HS ADVANCED Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Share music through the use of notation, solo or group performance, or technology, and demonstrate and explain how the elements of music, compositional techniques and processes have been employed to realize expressive intent. b. Describe a variety of possible contexts and mediums for presenting personal works, and explain and compare how each could impact the success of the final composition and presentation. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.C.III HS ADVANCED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Identify and select specific sections, movements, or entire works that express personal experiences and interests, moods, visual images, concepts, texts, or storylines in moderately complex or complex forms. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.C.III HS ADVANCED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Analyze how the elements of music (including form), and compositional techniques of selected works relate to the style, function, and context, and explain and support the analysis and its implications for rehearsal and performance. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 132 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.C.III HS ADVANCED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Develop interpretations of works based on an understanding of the use of elements of music (including form), compositional techniques, style, function, and context, explaining and justifying how the interpretive choices reflect the creators’ intent. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.C.III HS ADVANCED Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Create rehearsal plans for works, identifying the form, repetition and variation within the form, compositional techniques, and the style and historical or cultural context of the work. b. Using established criteria and feedback, identify the ways in which performances use compositional techniques and convey the formal design, style, and historical/cultural context of the works. c. Identify, compare, and implement strategies for improving the technical and expressive aspects of multiple contrasting works. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.C.III HS ADVANCED Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Share live or recorded performances of works (both personal and others’), and explain and/or demonstrate understanding of how the expressive intent of the music is conveyed. b. Explain how compositions are appropriate for a variety of audiences and contexts, and how this will shape future compositions. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 133 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.C.III HS ADVANCED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Apply researched or personally-developed criteria to select music that expresses personal experiences and interests, visual images, concepts, texts, or storylines in moderately complex or complex forms, and describe and justify the choice as models for composition. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.C.III HS ADVANCED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Analyze aurally and/or by reading the scores of musical works the elements of music (including form), compositional techniques and procedures, relating them to aesthetic effectiveness, style, mood, and context; and explain how the analysis provides models for personal growth as composer, performer, and/or listener. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.C.III HS ADVANCED Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Develop, justify and defend interpretations of varied works, demonstrating an understanding of the composers’ intent by citing the use of elements of music (including form), compositional techniques, and the style/genre and context of each work. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 134 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.C.III HS ADVANCED Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Evaluate the effectiveness of the technical and expressive aspects of selected music and performances, demonstrating understanding of theoretical concepts and complex compositional techniques and procedures. b. Describe and evaluate ways in which critiquing others’ work and receiving feedback from others have been specifically applied in the personal creative process. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.C.III HS ADVANCED Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.C.IIIa Describe and demonstrate multiple ways in which sounds and musical ideas can be used to represent extended sonic experiences or abstract ideas. MU:Cr3.2.C.IIIa Share music through the use of notation, solo or group performance, or technology and demonstrate and explain how the elements of music, compositional techniques and processes have been employed to realize expressive intent. MU:Pr4.1.C.IIIa Identify and select specific sections, movements, or entire works that express personal experiences and interests, moods, visual images, concepts, texts, or storylines in moderately complex or complex forms. MU:Re8.1.C.IIIa Develop, justify, and defend interpretations of varied works, demonstrating an understanding of the composers’ musical and expressive intent by citing their use of elements of music (including form), compositional techniques, and the style/genre and context of each work. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? Composition & Theory [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 135 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.C.III HS ADVANCED Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT MU:Cr2.1.C.IIIa Assemble and organize multiple sounds or extended musical ideas to create initial expressive statements of selected extended sonic experiences or abstract ideas. MU:Pr4.2.C.IIIa Analyze how the elements of music (including form) and compositional techniques of the selected work(s) relate to the style, function, and context, and explain and support the analysis and its implications for rehearsal and performance. MU:Pr6.1.C.IIIb Explain how compositions are appropriate for a variety of audiences and contexts, and how this will shape future compositions. MU:Re7.2.C.IIIa Analyze aurally and/or by reading the scores of musical works the elements of music (including form), compositional techniques and procedures, relating them to aesthetic effectiveness, style, mood, and context; and explain how the analysis provides models for personal growth as composer, performer, and/or listener. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 136 Performing Ensembles [MUSIC] Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 137 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.E.5 NOVICE Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Compose and improvise melodic and rhythmic ideas or motives that reflect characteristic(s) of music or text(s) studied in rehearsal. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.E.5 NOVICE Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select and develop draft melodic and rhythmic ideas or motives that demonstrate understanding of characteristic(s) of music or text(s) studied in rehearsal. b. Preserve draft compositions and improvisations through standard notation and audio recording. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.E.5 NOVICE Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Evaluate and refine draft compositions and improvisations based on knowledge, skill, and teacher-provided criteria. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? MU: Cr3.2.E.5 NOVICE Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Share personally-developed melodic and rhythmic ideas or motives – individually or as an ensemble – that demonstrate understanding of characteristics of music or texts studied in rehearsal. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 138 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.E.5 NOVICE Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Select varied repertoire to study based on interest, music reading skills (where appropriate), an understanding of the structure of the music, context, and the technical skill of the individual or ensemble. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.E.5 NOVICE Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate, using music reading skills where appropriate, how knowledge of formal aspects in musical works inform prepared or improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? MU: Pr4.3.E.5 NOVICE Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Identify expressive qualities in a varied repertoire of music that can be demonstrated through prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.E.5 NOVICE Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Use self-reflection and peer feedback to refine individual and ensemble performances of a varied repertoire of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 139 PERFORMING MU: Pr6.1.E.5 NOVICE Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Demonstrate attention to technical accuracy and expressive qualities in prepared and improvised performances of a varied repertoire of music. b. Demonstrate an awareness of the context of the music through prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.E.5 NOVICE Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Identify reasons for selecting music based on characteristics found in the music, connection to interest, and purpose or context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.E.5 NOVICE Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Identify how knowledge of context and the use of repetition, similarities, and contrasts inform the response to music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 140 RESPONDING MU: Re8.1.E.5 NOVICE Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Identify interpretations of the expressive intent and meaning of musical works, referring to the elements of music, contexts, and (when appropriate) the setting of the text. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? MU: Re9.1.E.5 NOVICE Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Identify and describe the effect of interest, experience, analysis, and context on the evaluation of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.E.5 NOVICE Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.E.5a Share personally-developed melodic and rhythmic ideas or motives – individually or as an ensemble – that demonstrate understanding of characteristics of music or texts studied in rehearsal. MU:Pr4.1.E.5a Select varied repertoire to study based on interest, music reading skills (where appropriate), an understanding of the structure of the music, context, and the technical skills of the individual or ensemble. MU:Pr4.3.E.5a Identify expressive qualities in a varied repertoire of music that can be demonstrated through prepared and improvised performances. MU:Re7.1E.5a Identify reasons for selecting music based on characteristics found in the music, connection to interest, and purpose or context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 141 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.E.5 NOVICE Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.E.5a Compose and improvise melodic and rhythmic ideas or motives that reflect characteristic(s) of music or text(s) studied in rehearsal. MU:Cr3.2.E.5a Share personally-developed melodic and rhythmic ideas or motives – individually or as an ensemble – that demonstrate understanding of characteristics of music or texts studied in rehearsal. MU:Pr6.1.E.5b Demonstrate an awareness of the context of the music through prepared and improvised performances. MU:Re9.1.E.5a Identify and describe the effect of interest, experience, analysis, and context on the evaluation of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 142 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Compose and improvise ideas for melodies and rhythmic passages based on characteristic(s) of music or text(s) studied in rehearsal. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select and develop draft melodies and rhythmic passages that demonstrate understanding of characteristic(s) of music or text(s) studied in rehearsal. b. Preserve draft compositions and improvisations through standard notation and audio recording. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Evaluate and refine draft compositions and improvisations based on knowledge, skill, and collaboratively- developed criteria. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? MU: Cr3.2.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Share personally-developed melodies and rhythmic passages – individually or as an ensemble – that demonstrate understanding of characteristics of music or texts studied in rehearsal. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 143 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Select a varied repertoire to study based on music reading skills (where appropriate), an understanding of formal design in the music, context, and the technical skill of the individual and ensemble. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate, using music reading skills where appropriate, how the setting and formal characteristics of musical works contribute to understanding the context of the music in prepared or improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? MU: Pr4.3.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate understanding and application of expressive qualities in a varied repertoire of music through prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 144 PERFORMING MU: Pr5.1.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Develop strategies to address technical challenges in a varied repertoire of music and evaluate their success using feedback from ensemble peers and other sources to refine performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Demonstrate attention to technical accuracy and expressive qualities in prepared and improvised performances of a varied repertoire of music representing diverse cultures and styles. b. Demonstrate an understanding of the context of the music through prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Explain reasons for selecting music citing characteristics found in the music and connections to interest, purpose, and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 145 RESPONDING MU: Re7.2.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Describe how understanding context and the way the elements of music are manipulated inform the response to music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Identify and support interpretations of the expressive intent and meaning of musical works, citing as evidence the treatment of the elements of music, contexts, and (when appropriate) the setting of the text. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? MU: Re9.1.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Explain the influence of experiences, analysis, and context on interest in and evaluation of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 146 CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.E.8a Share personally-developed melodies and rhythmic passages – individually or as an ensemble – that demonstrate understanding of characteristics of music or texts studied in rehearsal. MU:Pr4.1.E.5a Select a varied repertoire to study based on music reading skills (where appropriate), an understanding of formal design in the music, context, and the technical skills of the individual and ensemble. MU:Pr4.3.E.5c Demonstrate understanding and application of expressive qualities in a varied repertoire of music through prepared and improvised performances. MU:Re7.1.E.8a Explain reasons for selecting music citing characteristics found in the music and connections to interest, purpose, and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? MU: Cn11.0.E.8 INTERMEDIATE Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.E.8a Compose and improvise ideas for melodies and rhythmic passages based on characteristic(s) of music or text(s) studied in rehearsal. MU:Cr3.2.E.8a Share personally-developed melodies and rhythmic passages – individually or as an ensemble – that demonstrate understanding of characteristics of music or texts studied in rehearsal. MU:Pr6.1.E.5b Demonstrate an understanding of the context of the music through prepared and improvised performances. MU:Re9.1.E.8a Explain the influence of experiences, analysis, and context on interest in and evaluation of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 147 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.E.I HS PROFICIENT Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Compose and improvise ideas for melodies, rhythmic passages, and arrangements for specific purposes that reflect characteristic(s) of music from a variety of historical periods studied in rehearsal. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.E.I HS PROFICIENT Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select and develop draft melodies, rhythmic passages, and arrangements for specific purposes that demonstrate understanding of characteristic(s) of music from a variety of historical periods studied in rehearsal. b. Preserve draft compositions and improvisations through standard notation and audio recording. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.E.I HS PROFICIENT Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Evaluate and refine draft melodies, rhythmic passages, arrangements, and improvisations based on established criteria, including the extent to which they address identified purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 148 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.E.I HS PROFICIENT Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Share personally-developed melodies, rhythmic passages, and arrangements – individually or as an ensemble – that address identified purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.E.I HS PROFICIENT Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Explain the criteria used to select a varied repertoire to study based on an understanding of theoretical and structural characteristics of the music, the technical skill of the individual or ensemble, and the purpose or context of the performance. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.E.I HS PROFICIENT Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate, using music reading skills where appropriate, how compositional devices employed and theoretical and structural aspects of musical works impact and inform prepared or improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 149 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.E.I HS PROFICIENT Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate an understanding of context in a varied repertoire of music through prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.E.I HS PROFICIENT Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Develop strategies to address expressive challenges in a varied repertoire of music, and evaluate their success using feedback from ensemble peers and other sources to refine performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.E.I HS PROFICIENT Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Demonstrate attention to technical accuracy and expressive qualities in prepared and improvised performances of a varied repertoire of music representing diverse cultures, styles, and genres. b. Demonstrate an understanding of expressive intent by connecting with an audience through prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 150 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.E.I HS PROFICIENT Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Apply criteria to select music for specified purposes, supporting choices by citing characteristics found in the music and connections to interest, purpose, and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.E.I HS PROFICIENT Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Explain how the analysis of passages and understanding the way the elements of music are manipulated inform the response to music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.E.I HS PROFICIENT Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Explain and support interpretations of the expressive intent and meaning of musical works, citing as evidence the treatment of the elements of music, contexts, (when appropriate) the setting of the text, and personal research. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 151 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.E.I HS PROFICIENT Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Evaluate works and performances based on personally- or collaboratively-developed criteria, including analysis of the structure and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.E.I HS PROFICIENT Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.E.Ia Share personally-developed melodies, rhythmic passages, and arrangements – individually or as an ensemble – that address identified purposes. MU:Pr4.1.E.Ia Explain the criteria used to select a varied repertoire to study based on an understanding of theoretical and structural characteristics of the music, the technical skills of the individual or ensemble, and the purpose or context of the performance. MU:Pr4.3.E.Ia Demonstrate an understanding of context in a varied repertoire of music through prepared and improvised performances. MU:Re7.1.E.Ia Apply criteria to select music for specified purposes, supporting choices by citing characteristics found in the music and connections to interest, purpose, and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 152 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.E.I HS PROFICIENT Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.E.Ia Compose and improvise ideas for melodies, rhythmic passages, and arrangements for specific purposes that reflect characteristic(s) of music from a variety of historical periods studied in rehearsal. MU:Cr3.2.E.Ia Share personally-developed melodies, rhythmic passages, and arrangements – individually or as an ensemble – that address identified purposes. MU:Pr6.1.E.Ib Demonstrate an understanding of expressive intent by connecting with an audience through prepared and improvised performances. MU:Re9.1.E.Ia Evaluate works and performances based on personally- or collaboratively-developed criteria, including analysis of the structure and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 153 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Compose and improvise ideas for arrangements, sections, and short compositions for specific purposes that reflect characteristic(s) of music from a variety of cultures studied in rehearsal. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select and develop arrangements, sections, and short compositions for specific purposes that demonstrate understanding of characteristic(s) of music from a variety of cultures studied in rehearsal. b. Preserve draft compositions and improvisations through standard notation, audio, or video recording. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Evaluate and refine draft arrangements, sections, short compositions, and improvisations based on personally-developed criteria, including the extent to which they address identified purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 154 CREATING MU: Cr3.2.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Share personally-developed arrangements, sections, and short compositions – individually or as an ensemble – that address identified purposes. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Develop and apply criteria to select a varied repertoire to study and perform based on an understanding of theoretical and structural characteristics and expressive challenges in the music, the technical skill of the individual or ensemble, and the purpose and context of the performance. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Document and demonstrate, using music reading skills where appropriate, how compositional devices employed and theoretical and structural aspects of musical works may impact and inform prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 155 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.3.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate how understanding the style, genre, and context of a varied repertoire of music influences prepared and improvised performances as well as performers’ technical skill to connect with the audience. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? MU: Pr5.1.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Develop and apply appropriate rehearsal strategies to address individual and ensemble challenges in a varied repertoire of music, and evaluate their success. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Demonstrate mastery of the technical demands and an understanding of expressive qualities of the music in prepared and improvised performances of a varied repertoire representing diverse cultures, styles, genres, and historical periods. b. Demonstrate an understanding of intent as a means for connecting with an audience through prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 156 RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Apply criteria to select music for a variety of purposes, justifying choices citing knowledge of the music and the specified purpose and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? MU: Re7.2.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Explain how the analysis of structures and contexts inform the response to music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Support interpretations of the expressive intent and meaning of musical works citing as evidence the treatment of the elements of music, contexts, (when appropriate) the setting of the text, and varied researched sources. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 157 RESPONDING MU: Re9.1.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Evaluate works and performances based on research as well as personally- and collaboratively-developed criteria, including analysis and interpretation of the structure and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.E.IIa Share personally-developed arrangements, sections, and short compositions – individually or as an ensemble – that address identified purposes. MU:Pr4.1.E.IIa Develop and apply criteria to select a varied repertoire to study and perform based on an understanding of theoretical and structural characteristics and expressive challenges in the music, the technical skills of the individual or ensemble, and the purpose and context of the performance. MU:Pr4.3.E.IIa Demonstrate how understanding the style, genre, and context of a varied repertoire of music influences prepared and improvised performances as well as performers’ technical skill to connect with the audience. MU:Re7.1.E.IIa Apply criteria to select music for a variety of purposes, justifying choices citing knowledge of the music and the specified purpose and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 158 CONNECTING MU: Cn11.0.E.II HS ACCOMPLISHED Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.E.IIa Compose and improvise ideas for arrangements, sections, and short compositions for specific purposes that reflect characteristic(s) of music from a variety of cultures studied in rehearsal. MU:Cr3.2.E.IIa Share personally-developed arrangements, sections, and short compositions – individually or as an ensemble – that address identified purposes. MU:Pr6.1.E.IIb Demonstrate an understanding of intent as a means for connecting with an audience through prepared and improvised performances. MU:Re9.1.E.IIa Evaluate works and performances based on research as well as personally- and collaboratively-developed criteria, including analysis and interpretation of the structure and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 159 CREATING MU: Cr1.1.E.III HS ADVANCED Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINE a. Compose and improvise musical ideas for a variety of purposes and contexts. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The creative ideas, concepts, and feelings that influence musicians’ work emerge from a variety of sources. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians generate creative ideas? MU: Cr2.1.E.III HS ADVANCED Organize and develop artistic ideas and work. Select and develop musical ideas for defined purposes and contexts. PLAN / MAKE a. Select and develop composed and improvised ideas into draft musical works organized for a variety of purposes and contexts. b. Preserve draft musical works through standard notation, audio, or video recording. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ creative choices are influenced by their expertise, context, and expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make creative decisions? MU: Cr3.1.E.III HS ADVANCED Refine and complete artistic work. Evaluate and refine selected musical ideas to create musical work(s) that meet appropriate criteria. EVALUATE / REFINE a. Evaluate and refine varied draft musical works based on appropriate criteria, including the extent to which they address identified purposes and contexts. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their creative work? MU: Cr3.2.E.III HS ADVANCED Refine and complete artistic work. Share creative musical work that conveys intent, demonstrates craftsmanship, and exhibits originality. PRESENT a. Share varied, personally-developed musical works – individually or as an ensemble – that address identified purposes and contexts. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians’ presentation of creative work is the culmination of a process of creation and communication. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is creative work ready to share? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 160 PERFORMING MU: Pr4.1.E.III HS ADVANCED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Select varied musical works to present based on interest, knowledge, technical skill, and context. SELECT a. Develop and apply criteria to select varied programs to study and perform based on an understanding of theoretical and structural characteristics and expressive challenges in the music, the technical skill of the individual or ensemble, and the purpose and context of the performance. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers’ interest in and knowledge of musical works, understanding of their own abilities, and the context for a performance influence the selection of repertoire. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers select repertoire? MU: Pr4.2.E.III HS ADVANCED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Analyze the structure and context of varied musical works and their implications for performance. ANALYZE a. Examine, evaluate, and critique, using music reading skills where appropriate, how the structure and context impact and inform prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Analyzing creators’ context and how they manipulate elements of music provides insight into their intent and informs performance. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of musical works inform performance? MU: Pr4.3.E.III HS ADVANCED Select, analyze and interpret artistic work for presentation. Develop personal interpretations that consider creators’ intent. INTERPRET a. Demonstrate how understanding the style, genre, and context of a varied repertoire of music informs prepared and improvised performances as well as performers’ technical skill to connect with the audience. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Performers make interpretive decisions based on their understanding of context and intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do performers interpret musical works? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 161 PERFORMING MU: Pr5.1.E.III HS ADVANCED Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation. Evaluate and refine personal and ensemble performances, individually or in collaboration with others. REHEARSE / EVALUATE / REFINE a. Develop, apply, and refine appropriate rehearsal strategies to address individual and ensemble challenges in a varied repertoire of music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING To express their musical ideas, musicians analyze, evaluate, and refine their performance over time through openness to new ideas, persistence, and the application of appropriate criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians improve the quality of their performance? MU: Pr6.1.E.III HS ADVANCED Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work. Perform expressively, with appropriate interpretation and technical accuracy, and in a manner appropriate to the audience and context. PRESENT a. Demonstrate an understanding and mastery of the technical demands and expressive qualities of the music through prepared and improvised performances of a varied repertoire representing diverse cultures, styles, genres, and historical periods in multiple types of ensembles. b. Demonstrate an ability to connect with audience members before and during the process of engaging with and responding to them through prepared and improvised performances. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians judge performance based on criteria that vary across time, place, and cultures. The context and how a work is presented influence the audience response. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) When is a performance judged ready to present? How do context and the manner in which musical work is presented influence audience response? RESPONDING MU: Re7.1.E.III HS ADVANCED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Choose music appropriate for a specific purpose or context. SELECT a. Use research and personally-developed criteria to justify choices made when selecting music, citing knowledge of the music, and individual and ensemble purpose and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Individuals' selection of musical works is influenced by their interests, experiences, understandings, and purposes. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do individuals choose music to experience? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 162 RESPONDING MU: Re7.2.E.III HS ADVANCED Perceive and analyze artistic work. Analyze how the structure and context of varied musical works inform the response. ANALYZE a. Demonstrate and justify how the analysis of structures, contexts, and performance decisions inform the response to music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Response to music is informed by analyzing context (social, cultural, and historical) and how creators and performers manipulate the elements of music. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How does understanding the structure and context of music inform a response? MU: Re8.1.E.III HS ADVANCED Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Support interpretations of musical works that reflect creators’/performers’ expressive intent. INTERPRET a. Justify interpretations of the expressive intent and meaning of musical works by comparing and synthesizing varied researched sources, including reference to other art forms. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Through their use of elements and structures of music, creators and performers provide clues to their expressive intent. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we discern musical creators’ and performers’ expressive intent? MU: Re9.1.E.III HS ADVANCED Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work. Support evaluations of musical works and performances based on analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. EVALUATE a. Develop and justify evaluations of music, programs of music, and performances based on criteria, personal decision-making, research, and understanding of contexts. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING The personal evaluation of musical works and performances is informed by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do we judge the quality of musical work(s) and performance(s)? Performing Ensembles [ M U S I C ] Words in red are defined in the Glossary. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 163 CONNECTING MU: Cn10.0.E.III HS ADVANCED Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art. Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make music. CONNECT a. Demonstrate how interests, knowledge, and skills relate to personal choices and intent when creating, performing, and responding to music. Embedded within: MU:Cr3.2.E.IIIa Share varied, personally-developed musical works – individually or as an ensemble – that address identified purposes and contexts. MU:Pr4.1.E.IIIa Develop and apply criteria to select varied programs to study and perform based on an understanding of theoretical and structural characteristics and expressive challenges in the music, the technical skills of the individual or ensemble, and the purpose and context of the performance. MU:Pr4.3.E.IIIa Demonstrate how understanding the style, genre, and context of a varied repertoire of music informs prepared and improvised performances as well as performers’ technical skill to connect with the audience. MU:Re7.1.E.IIIa Use research and personally-developed criteria to justify choices made when selecting music, citing knowledge of the music, and individual and ensemble purpose and context. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Musicians connect their personal interests, experiences, ideas, and knowledge to creating, performing and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do musicians make meaningful connections to creating, performing and responding? MU: Cn11.0.E.III HS ADVANCED Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural and historical context to deepen understanding. Relate musical ideas and works with varied context to deepen understanding. CONNECT a. Demonstrate understanding of relationships between music and the other arts, other disciplines, varied contexts, and daily life. Embedded within: MU:Cr1.1.E.IIIa Compose and improvise musical ideas for a variety of purposes and contexts. MU:Cr3.2.E.IIIb Share varied, personally-developed musical works – individually or as an ensemble – that address identified purposes and contexts. MU:Pr6.1.E.IIIb Demonstrate an ability to connect with audience members before and during the process of engaging with and responding to them through prepared and improvised performances. MU:Re9.1.E.IIIa Develop and justify evaluations of music, programs of music, and performances based on criteria, personal decision-making, research, and understanding of contexts. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Understanding connections to varied contexts and daily life enhances musicians’ creating, performing, and responding. ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) How do the other arts, other disciplines, contexts and daily life inform creating, performing, and responding to music? Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 164 GLOSSARY AB Musical form consisting of two sections, A and B, which contrast with each other (binary form). ABA Musical form consisting of three sections, A, B, and A; two are the same, and the middle one is different (ternary form). ABILITY Natural aptitude in specific skills and processes; what the student is apt to do, without formal instruction. ACADEMIC VOCABULARY Words that traditionally are used in academic dialogue and text. ANALOG TOOLS Category of musical instruments and tools that are non-digital (i.e., do not transfer sound in or convert sound into binary code), such as acoustic instruments, microphones, monitors, and speakers. ANALYSIS (See ANALYZE). ANALYZE Examine in detail the structure and context of the music. ARRANGEMENT Setting or adaptation of an existing musical composition. ARRANGER Person who creates alternative settings or adaptations of existing music. ARTICULATION Characteristic way in which musical tones are connected, separated, or accented; types of articulation include legato (smooth, connected tones) and staccato (short, detached tones). ARTISTIC LITERACY Knowledge and understanding required to participate authentically in the Arts. ATONALITY Music in which no tonic or key center is apparent. AUDIATE Hear and comprehend sounds in one’s head (inner hearing), even when no sound is present. AUDIENCE ETIQUETTE Social behavior observed by those attending musical performances and which can vary depending upon the type of music performed. BEAT Underlying steady pulse present in most music. BENCHMARK Pre-established definition of an achievement level, designed to help measure student progress toward a goal or standard, expressed either in writing or as an example of cored student work (aka, anchor set). BINARY FORM (See AB). BODY PERCUSSION Use of the human body as an instrument to create percussive/rhythmic sounds such as stomping, patsching (patting thighs), clapping, clicking, snapping. BORDUN Accompaniment created by sounding two tones, five notes apart, continuously throughout a composition; can be performed in varying ways, such as simultaneously or alternating. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 165 CHANT Most commonly, the rhythmic recitation of rhymes, or poems without a sung melody; a type of singing, with a simple, unaccompanied melody line and free rhythm. CHART Jazz or popular music score, often abbreviated, with a melody (including key and time signature) and a set of chord changes. CHORD PROGRESSION Series of chords sounding in succession; certain progressions are typical in particular styles/genres of music. COLLABORATIVELY Working together on a common (musical) task or goal. COLLABORATIVELY-DEVELOPED CRITERIA Qualities or traits for assessing achievement level that have been through a process of collective decision-making. COMPLEX FORMAL STRUCTURE Musical form in which rhythmic, melodic, harmonic, and/or other musical materials undergo significant expansion and development, and may be more distantly related across sections while remaining coherent in some way, such as sonata or other novel design with three or more sections. COMPOSER One who creates music compositions. COMPOSITION Original piece of music that can be repeated, typically developed over time, and preserved either in notation or in a sound recording. COMPOSITIONAL DEVICES Tools used by a composer or arranger to create or organize a composition or arrangement, such as tonality, sequence, repetition, instrumentation, orchestration, harmonic/melodic structure, style, and form. COMPOSITIONAL PROCEDURES Techniques that a composer initiates and continues in pieces to develop musical ideas, such as fragmentation, imitation, sequencing, variation, aggregate completion, registral saturation, contour inversion of gestures, and rhythmic phrasing. COMPOSITIONAL TECHNIQUES Approaches a composer uses to manipulate and refine the elements to convey meaning and intent in a composition, such as tension-release, augmentation-diminution, sound-silence, motion-stasis, in addition to compositional devices. CONCEPTS, MUSIC Understandings or generalized ideas about music that are formed after learners make connections and determine relationships among ideas. CONNECTION Relationship among artistic ideas, personal meaning, and/or external context. CONTEXT Environment that surrounds music, influences understanding, provides meaning, and connects to an event or occurrence. CONTEXT, CULTURAL Values, beliefs, and traditions of a group of people that influence musical meaning and inform culturally authentic musical practice. CONTEXT, HISTORICAL Conditions of the time and place in which music was created or performed that provide meaning and influence the musical experience. CONTEXT, PERSONAL Unique experiences and relationships that surround a single person and are influenced by personal life, family, habits, interest, and preferences. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 166 CONTEXT, SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Surrounding something or someone’s creation or intended audience that reflects and influences how people use and interpret the musical experience. CRAFTSMANSHIP Degree of skill and ability exhibited by a creator or performer to manipulate the elements of music in a composition or performance. CREATE Conceive and develop new artistic ideas, such as an improvisation, composition, or arrangement, into a work. CREATIVE INTENT Shaping of the elements of music to express and convey emotions, thoughts, and ideas. CREATOR One who originates a music composition, arrangement, or improvisation. CRITERIA Guidelines used to judge the quality of a student’s performance (See RUBRIC ). CULTURAL CONTEXT Values, beliefs, and traditions of a group of people that influence musical meaning and inform culturally authentic musical practice. CULTURALLY AUTHENTIC PERF ORMANCE Presentation that reflects practices and interpretation representative of the style and traditions of a culture. CULTURE Values and beliefs of a particular group of people, from a specific place or time, expressed through characteristics such as tradition, social structure, religion, art, and food. CYCLICAL STRUCTURE Musical form characterized by the return or “cycling around” of significantly recognizable themes, motives, and/or patterns across movements. DEMONSTRATE Show musical understanding through observable behavior such as moving, chanting, singing, or playing instruments. DIATONIC Seven-tone scale consisting of five whole steps and two half steps. DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT Simulated place made or created through the use of one or more computers, sensors, or equipment. DIGITAL NOTATION A visual image of musical sound created by using computer software applications, intended either as a record of sound heard or imagined, or as a set of visual instructions for performers. DIGITAL RESOURCES Anything published in a format capable of being read by a computer, a web-enabled device, a digital tablet, or smartphone. DIGITAL SYSTEMS Platforms that allow interaction and the conversion between and through the audio and digital domains. DIGITAL TOOLS Category of musical instruments and tools that manipulate sound using binary code, such as electronic keyboards, digital audio interfaces, MIDI, and computer software. DYNAMICS Level or range of loudness of a sound or sounds. ELEMENTS OF MUSIC Basic characteristics of sound (pitch, rhythm, harmony, dynamics, timbre, texture, form, and style/articulation) that are manipulated to create music. ENDURING UNDERSTANDING Overarching (aka, “big”) ideas that are central to the core of the music discipline and may be transferred to new situations. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 167 ENSEMBLE Group of individuals organized to perform artistic work: traditional, large groups such as bands, orchestras, and choirs; chamber, smaller groups, such as duets, trios, and quartets; emerging, such as guitar, iPad, mariachi, steel drum or pan, and Taiko drumming. ESSENTIAL QUESTION Question that is central to the core of a discipline – in this case, music – and promotes investigation to uncover corresponding enduring understanding(s). ESTABLISHED CRITER IA Traits or dimensions for making quality judgments in music of a particular style, genre, cultural context, or historical period that have gained general acceptance and application over time. EXPANDED FORM Basic form (such as AB, ABA, rondo or theme and variation) expanded by the addition of an introduction, transition, and/or coda. EXPLORE Discover, investigate, and create musical ideas through singing, chanting, playing instruments, or moving to music. EXPRESSION Feeling conveyed through music. EXPRESSIVE ASPECTS Characteristics that convey feeling in the presentation of musical ideas. EXPRESSIVE INTENT The emotions, thoughts, and ideas that a performer or composer seeks to convey by manipulating the elements of music. EXPRESSIVE QUALITIES Qualities such as dynamics, tempo, articulation which when combined with other elements of music give a composition its musical identity. FORM Element of music describing the overall organization of a piece of music, such as AB, ABA, rondo, theme and variations, and strophic form. FORMAL DESIGN Large-scale framework for a piece of music in which the constituent parts cohere into a meaningful whole; encompasses both structural and tonal aspects of the piece. FRET Thin strip of material placed across the fingerboard of some stringed Instruments, such as guitar, banjo, and mandolin; the fingers press the strings against the frets to determine pitch. FUNCTION Use for which music is created, performed, or experienced, such as dance, social, recreation, music therapy, video games, and advertising. FUNDAMENTALS OF MUSIC THEORY Basic elements of music, their subsets, and how they interact: rhythm and meter; pitch and clefs; intervals; scales, keys and key signatures; triads and seventh chords. FUSION Type of music created by combining contrasting styles into a new style. GENRE Category of music characterized by a distinctive style, form, and/or content, such as jazz, march, and country. GUIDANCE Assistance provided temporarily to enable a student to perform a musical task that would be difficult to perform unaided, best implemented in a manner that helps develop that student’s capacity to eventually perform the task independently. HARMONIC SEQUENCES Series of two or more chords commonly used to support melody(ies). Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 168 HARMONIZING INSTRUMENTS Musical instruments, such as guitars, ukuleles, and keyboards, capable of producing harmonies as well as melodies, often used to provide chordal accompaniments for melodies and songs. HARMONIZATION Process of applying stylistically appropriate harmony, such as chords, countermelodies, and ostinato, to melodic material. HARMONY Chordal structure of a music composition in which the simultaneous sounding of pitches produces chords and their successive use produces chord progressions. HETEROPHONIC Musical texture in which slightly different versions of the same melody sound simultaneously. HISTORICAL CONTEXT Conditions of the time and place in which music was created or performed and that provide meaning and influence the musical experience. HISTORICAL PERIODS Period of years during which music that was created and/or performed shared common characteristics; historians of Western art music typically refer to the following: Medieval (ca. 500-ca. 1420), Renaissance (ca. 1420-ca. 1600), Baroque (ca. 1600-ca. 1750), Classic (ca. 1750- ca. 1820), Romantic (ca. 1820-ca. 1900), and Contemporary (ca. 1900-). HOMOPHONIC Musical texture in which all parts move in the same rhythm but use different pitches, as in hymns; also, a melody supported by chords. ICONIC NOTATION Representation of sound and its treatment using lines, drawings, pictures. IMAGINE Generate musical ideas for various purposes and contexts. IMAGINATION Ability to generate in the mind ideas, concepts, sounds, and images that are not physically present and may not have been previously experienced (See AUDIATE). IMPROVISATION Music created and performed spontaneously or “in-the-moment,” often within a framework determined by the musical style. IMPROVISER One who creates music spontaneously or “in- the-moment”. INDEPENDENTLY Working with virtually no assistance, initiating appropriate requests for consultation, performing in a self-directed ensemble offering ideas/solutions that make such consulting collaborative rather than teacher-directed. INTENT Meaning or feeling of the music planned and conveyed by a creator or performer. INTERPRET Determine and demonstrate music’s expressive intent and meaning when responding and performing. INTERPRETATION Intent and meaning that a performer realizes in studying and performing a piece of music. INTERVALS Distance between two tones, named by counting all pitch names involved; harmonic interval occurs when two pitches are sounded simultaneously, and melodic interval when two pitches are sounded successively. INTONATION Singing or playing the correct pitch in tune. KEY SIGNATURE Set of sharps or flats at the beginning of the staff, following the clef sign, that indicates the primary pitch set or scale used in the music and provide clues to the resting tone and mode. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 169 LEAD-SHEET NOTATION System symbol used to identify chords in jazz, popular, and folk music; uppercase letters are written above the staff, specifying which chords should be used and when they should be played. LYRICS Words of a song. MAJOR SCALE Scale in which the ascending pattern of whole and half steps is whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half. MELODIC CONTOUR Shape of a melody created by the way its pitches repeat and move up and down in steps and skips. MELODIC PASSAGE Short section or series of notes within a larger work that constitutes a single coherent melodic idea. MELODIC PATTERN Grouping, generally brief, of tones or pitches. MELODY Linear succession of sounds (pitches) and silences moving through time; the horizontal structure of music. METER Grouping of beats and divisions of beats in music, often in sets of twos (duple meter) or threes (triple meter). MINOR SCALE Scale in which one characteristic feature is a half-step between the second and third tones; the three forms of the minor scale are natural, harmonic, and melodic. MODAL Music based on a mode other than major or minor. MODES Seven-tone scales that include five whole steps and two half steps; the seven possible modes — Ionian, Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, Mixolydian, Aeolian, and Locrian — were used in the Medieval and Renaissance periods and served as the basis from which major (Ionian) and minor (Aeolian) scales emerged. MODEL CORNERSTONE ASSESSMENT Suggested assessment process, embedded within a unit of study, that includes a series of focused tasks to measure student achievement within multiple process components. MODERATELY COMPLEX FORMAL STRUCTURE Musical form with three or more sections (such as rounded binary, rondo, or other novel design), in which section closure is somewhat nuanced or ambiguous, and the rhythmic, melodic, harmonic, and/or other musical materials across sections may be more distantly related while remaining coherent in some way. MOOD Over-all feeling that a section or piece of music conveys. MONOPHONIC Musical texture consisting of a single, unaccompanied melodic line. MOTIF/MOTIVE Brief rhythmic/melodic figure or pattern that recurs throughout a composition as a unifying element. MOVEMENT Act of moving in nonlocomotor (such as clapping and finger snapping) and locomotor (such as walking and running) patterns to represent and interpret musical sounds. MUSIC LITERACY Knowledge and understanding required to participate authentically in the discipline of music by independently carrying out the artistic processes of creating, performing, and responding. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 170 MUSIC THEORY Study of how music is composed and performed; analysis of the elements of music and the framework for understanding musical works. MUSIC VOCABULARY Domain-specific words traditionally used in performing, studying, or describing music (See Academic vocabulary). MUSICAL CRITERIA Traits relevant to assessing music attributes of a work or performance. MUSICAL IDEA Idea expressed in music, which can range in length from the smallest meaningful level (motive or short pattern) through a phrase, a section, or an entire piece. MUSICAL RANGE Span between the highest and lowest pitches of a melody, instrument, or voice. MUSICAL WORK Piece of music preserved as a notated copy or sound recording or passed through oral tradition. NON-PITCHED INSTRUMENTS Instruments, such as woodblocks, whistles, electronic sounds, that do not have definite pitches or tones. NOTATION Visual representation of musical sounds. ONE-PART FORMAL STRUCTURE Continuous form, with or without an interruption, in which a singular instance of formal closure is achieved only at or near the end of the piece; also known as through- composed. OPEN-ENDED ASSESSMENT Assessment that allows students to demonstrate the learning of a particular outcome in a variety of ways, such as demonstrating understanding of rhythmic notation by moving, singing, or chanting. PENTATONIC SCALE Five-tone scale often identified with the pattern of the black keys of a keyboard, although other five-tone arrangements are possible. PERFORM Process of realizing artistic ideas and work through interpretation and presentation. PERFORMING, PERFORMANCE Experience of engaging in the act of presenting music in a classroom or private or public venue (See also Artistic Process of Performing). PERFORMANCE DECORUM Aspects of contextually appropriate propriety and proper behavior, conduct, and appearance for a musical performance, such as stage presence, etiquette, and appropriate attire. PERFORMANCE PRACTICE Performance and presentation of a work that reflect established norms for the style and social, cultural, and historical contexts of that work. PERFORMANCE TECHNIQUE Personal technical skills developed and used by a performer. PERSONAL CONTEXT Unique experiences and relationships that surround a single person and are influenced by personal life, family, habits, interest, and preferences. PERSONALLY-DEVELOPED CRITERIA Qualities or traits for assessing achievement level developed by students individually. PHRASE Musical segment with a clear beginning and ending, comparable to a simple sentence or clause in written text. PHRASING Performance of a musical phrase that uses expressive qualities such as dynamics, tempo, articulation, and timbre to convey a thought, mood, or feeling. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 171 PIECE General, non-technical term referring to a composition or musical work. PITCH Identification of a tone or note with respect to highness or lowness (i.e., frequency). PLAN Select and develop musical ideas for creating a musical work. POLYPHONIC Musical texture in which two or more melodies sound simultaneously. POLYTONAL Music in which two or more tonalities (keys) sound simultaneously. PRESENT Share artistic work (e.g., a composition) with others. PROGRAM Presentation of a sequence of musical works that can be performed by individual musicians or groups in a concert, recital, or other setting. PURPOSE Reason for which music is created, such as, ceremonial, recreational/social, commercial, or generalized artistic expression. REFINE Make changes in musical works or performances to more effectively realize intent through technical quality or expression. REPERTOIRE Body or set of musical works that can be performed. RESPOND Understand and evaluate how the arts convey meaning. RHYTHM Duration or length of sounds and silences that occur in music; organization of sounds and silences in time. RHYTHMIC PA SSAGE Short section or series of notes within a larger work that constitutes a single coherent rhythmic idea. RHYTHMIC PATTERN Grouping, generally brief, of long and short sounds and silences. RONDO Musical form consisting of three or more contrasting sections in which one section recurs, such as ABACA. RUBRIC Established, ordered set of criteria for judging student performance; includes descriptors of student work at various levels of achievement. SCALE Pattern of pitches arranged in ascending or descending order and identified by their specific arrangement of whole and half steps. SCORE Written notation of an entire music composition. SECTION One of a number of distinct segments that together comprise a composition; a section consists of several phrases. SELECT Choose music for performing, rehearsing, or responding based on interest, knowledge, ability, and context. SENSITIVITY Skill of a creator, performer, or listener in responding to and conveying the nuances of sound or expression. SET Sequence of songs or pieces performed together by a singer, band, or disc jockey and constituting or forming part of a live show or recording. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 172 SETTING Specified or implied instrumentation, voicing, or orchestration of a musical work. SETTING OF THE TEXT Musical treatment of text as presented in the music. SHARE Present artistic work (e.g., a composition) to others. SIGHT-READING First attempt to perform a notated musical work. SIMPLE FORMAL STRUCTURE Musical form with a small number of distinct or clearly delineated sections, (such as simple binary, ternary, or other novel design), using closely related rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic materials across the sections. SOCIAL CONTEXT Environment surrounding something or someone’s creation or intended audience that reflects and influences how people use and interpret the musical experience. SONIC EVENTS Individual sounds (or sound masses) and silences whose succession forms patterns and contrasting units that are perceived as musical. SONIC EXPERIENCE Perception and understanding of the sounds and silences of a musical work and their inter- relationship. STAGE PRESENCE Performer’s ability to convey music content to a live audience through traits such as personal knowledge of the repertoire, exhibited confidence, decorum, eye contact and facial expression. STAGING Environmental considerations, such as lighting, sound, seating arrangement, and visual enhancements, that contribute to the impact of a musical performance. STANDARD NOTATION System for visually representing musical sound that is in widespread use; such systems include traditional music staff notation, tablature notation (primarily for fretted stringed instruments), and lead-sheet notation. STORYLINE Extra-musical narrative that inspires or explains the structure of a piece of music. STROPHIC FORM Vocal music in which the music repeats with a new set of text each time. STRUCTURAL (See STRUCTURE). STRUCTURE Totality of a musical work. STYLE Label for a type of music possessing distinguishing characteristics and often performance practices associated with its historical period, cultural context, and/or genre. STYLISTIC EXPRESSION Interpretation of expressive qualities in a manner that is authentic and appropriate to the genre, historical period, and cultural context of origin. TABLATURE System of graphic standard notation, commonly used for fretted stringed instruments, in which a diagram visually represents both the fret board and finger placement on the fret board. TEACHER-PROVIDED CRITERIA Qualities or traits for assessing achievement level that are provided to students by the teacher. TECHNICAL ASPECTS Characteristics enabling the accurate representation/presentation of musical ideas. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 173 TECHNICAL CHALLENGES Requirements of a particular piece of music that stretch or exceed a performer’s current level of proficiency in technical areas such as timbre, intonation, diction, range, or speed of execution. TECHNICAL ACCURACY, TECHNICAL SKILL Ability to perform with appropriate timbre, intonation, and diction as well as to play or sing the correct pitches and rhythms at a tempo appropriate to the musical work. TEMPO Rate or speed of the beat in a musical work or performance. TENSION/RELEASE Musical device (musical stress, instability, or intensity, followed by musical relaxation, stability, or resolution) used to create a flow of feeling. TERNARY FORM (See ABA). TEXTURE Manner in which the harmonic (vertical) and melodic (horizontal) elements are combined to create layers of sound. THEME AND VARIATIONS Musical form in which a melody is presented and then followed by two or more sections presenting variations of that melody. THEORETICAL (See FUNDAMENTALS OF MUSIC THEORY ). TIMBRE Tone color or tone quality that distinguishes one sound source, instrument, or voice from another. TONAL PATTERN Grouping, generally brief, of tones or pitches. TONALITY Tonic or key tone around which a piece of music is centered. TRANSFER Use music knowledge and skills appropriately in a new context. UNITY Presence of structural coherence within a work, generally achieved through the repetition of various elements of music (See VARIETY). VARIETY Presence of structural contrast within a work for the purpose of creating and sustaining interest, generally achieved through utilizing variations in the treatment of the elements of music (See UNITY). VENUE Physical setting in which a musical event takes place. VOCABLES Audible sounds and/or nonsense syllables used by vocalists to convey musical ideas or intent. VOCALIZATIONS Vocal exercises that include no text and are sung to one or more vowels. Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness ARTS LEARNING STANDARDS for M U S I C | 174 REFERENCES Americans for the Arts www.americansforthearts.org Graphic: Playlist by Mike Rowe from the Noun Project www.thenounproject.com The Kennedy Center education.kennedy-center.org//education/ceta/arts_integration_definition.pdf Media Arts www.mediaartseducation.org National Association for Music Education www.nafme.org National Coalition for Core Arts Standards www.nationalartsstandards.org State Education Agency Directors of Arts Education seadae.org The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts www.kennedy-center.org/ Wiggins, Grant and McTighe, Jay (2005). Understanding by Design Association for Supervision & Curriculum Development (2nd ed.). ecosensing.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Understanding-by-Design-Expanded-2nd- Edition.pdf