ARM 10.53.501. STANDARDS FOR MATHEMATICAL PRACTICE FOR GRADES K-12

(1) Mathematical practice standard 1 is to problem solve and persevere. Mathematically proficient students: (a) make conjectures, plan, and follow solution strategies; (b) evaluate their progress and accuracy; (c) engage in sense-making and self-monitoring; and (d) persevere in seeking solutions, and value alternative approaches. (2) Mathematical practice standard 2 is to abstract and generalize. Mathematically proficient students are able to decontextualize and symbolically represent both mathematical and non-mathematical situations to search for and analyze regularities, patterns, and structures. (3) Mathematical practice standard 3 is to justify and prove. Mathematically proficient students create, evaluate, justify, and refute mathematical claims in developmentally and mathematically appropriate ways. (4) Mathematical practice standard 4 is to model with mathematics. Mathematically proficient students: (a) make sense of a scenario; (b) identify a problem to be solved and mathematize it; and (c) apply a mathematical model to reach a solution and verify its viability. (5) Mathematical practice standard 5 is to represent. Mathematically proficient students: (a) recognize, use, create, interpret, and translate representations using appropriate methods and tools; and (b) understand multiple ways of representing mathematical ideas and how they are related. (6) Mathematical practice standard 6 is to collaborate mathematically. Mathematically proficient students engage in mathematics as a social enterprise through discussion and collaborative inquiry where ideas are offered, debated, connected, and built upon toward solutions, shared understanding, and appreciation of other perspectives. (7) Mathematical practice standard 7 is to culturally connect. Mathematically proficient students: (a) recognize cultural connections and contributions to mathematics; and (b) appreciate the role of mathematics in various cultural contexts, including those of tribally specific Montana Indigenous Peoples.