ARM 10.53.502. MONTANA KINDERGARTEN MATHEMATICS CONTENT STANDARDS

(1) Mathematics counting and cardinality standards for kindergarten are to: (a) flexibly count to 100 by ones and by tens; (b) count beginning from a given number within the known sequence; (c) write numbers from 0-20 and represent a number of objects with a written numeral 0-20; (d) understand the relationship between numbers and quantities and connect counting to cardinality by recognizing that each successive number name refers to a quantity that is one larger within a normal counting sequence; (e) count to answer "how many?" in a variety of arrangements and, given a number, produce a set within 20; (f) identify whether the number of objects in one group is greater than, less than, or equal to the number of objects in another group; and (g) compare two numbers between 1 and 10 presented as written numerals. (2) Mathematics operations and algebraic thinking content standards for kindergarten are to: (a) represent addition and subtraction in multiple ways; (b) solve addition and subtraction problems in context within 10. This standard should incorporate cultural context relating to Montana Indigenous People and local communities; (c) decompose numbers less than or equal to 10 into pairs in multiple ways; (d) for any number from 1 to 9, find the number that makes 10 when added to the given number; (e) flexibly, accurately add and subtract within 5; and (f) recognize the characteristics of the commutative property in addition. (3) Mathematics number and operations in base ten content standard for kindergarten is to: (a) compose and decompose numbers from 11-19 into ten ones and further ones, in multiple ways and record each composition or decomposition by a drawing or an equation. (4) Mathematics measurement and data content standards for kindergarten are to: (a) describe several measurable attributes of a single object; (b) directly compare two objects with a measurable attribute in common using comparative language; (c) classify, count, and sort objects. This standard should incorporate cultural context relating to Montana Indigenous Peoples and local communities; (d) describe attributes and identify the names of coins; and (e) explain time in days, months, years, and seasons. (5) Mathematics geometry content standards for kindergarten are to: (a) describe the relative positions of objects, in their environment. This standard should incorporate cultural context relating to Montana Indigenous Peoples and local communities; (b) correctly name shapes regardless of their orientations or overall size; (c) identify shapes as two-dimensional or three-dimensional; (d) analyze and compare two- and three-dimensional shapes using informal language and other attributes; (e) model shapes in the environment. This standard should incorporate cultural context relating to Montana Indigenous Peoples and local communities; and (f) compose simple shapes to form larger shapes.