Definitions

The terms used in this chapter have the same meaning as in North Dakota Century Code section 23.1-08-02 and section 33.1-20-01.1-03, except: 1. "Active facility or active electric utilities or independent power producers" means any facility subject to the requirements of this article that is in operation on October 19, 2015. An electric utility or independent power producer is in operation if it is generating electricity that is provided to electric power transmission systems or to electric power distribution systems on or after October 19, 2015. An offsite disposal facility is in operation if it is accepting or managing CCR on or after October 19, 2015. 2. "Active life or in operation" means the period of operation beginning with the initial placement of solid waste in the solid waste management unit and ending at completion of closure activities in accordance with section 33.1-20-08-07. 3. "Active portion" means that part of the solid waste management unit that has received or is receiving solid waste and that has not completed closure in accordance with section 33.1-20-08-07. 4. "CCR landfill" means an area of land or an excavation that receives CCR and which is not a surface impoundment, an underground injection well, a salt dome formation, a salt bed formation, an underground or surface coal mine, or a cave. For purposes of this article, a CCR landfill also includes sand and gravel pits and quarries that receive CCR, CCR piles, and any practice that does not meet the definition of a beneficial use of CCR. 5. "CCR pile" means any noncontainerized accumulation of solid, nonflowing CCR that is placed on the land. Coal combustion residuals that is beneficially used offsite is not a CCR pile. 6. "CCR surface impoundment" means a natural topographic depression, manmade excavation, or diked area, which is designed to hold an accumulation of CCR and liquids, and the unit treats, stores, or disposes of CCR. 7. "CCR surface impoundment height" means the vertical measurement from the downstream toe of the CCR surface impoundment at its lowest point to the lowest elevation of the crest of the CCR surface impoundment. 8. "CCR unit" means a CCR landfill, CCR surface impoundment, or lateral expansion of a CCR unit, or a combination of more than one of these units, based on the context of the paragraphs in which it is used. This term includes both new and existing units, unless otherwise specified. 9. "Existing CCR landfill" means a CCR landfill that receives CCR both before and after October 19, 2015, or for which construction commenced prior to October 19, 2015, and receives CCR on or after October 19, 2015. A CCR landfill has commenced construction if the owner or operator has obtained the federal, state, and local approvals or permits necessary to begin physical construction and a continuous onsite, physical construction program had begun prior to October 19, 2015. 10. "Existing CCR surface impoundment" means a CCR surface impoundment that receives CCR both before and after October 19, 2015, or for which construction commenced prior to October 19, 2015, and receives CCR on or after October 19, 2015. A CCR surface impoundment has commenced construction if the owner or operator has obtained the federal, state, and local approvals or permits necessary to begin physical construction and a continuous onsite, physical construction program had begun prior to October 19, 2015. 11. "Grading" means the placement of CCR only to the extent necessary to create sufficient differences in elevation to support stormwater drainage. 12. "Ground water" means water below the land surface in a zone of saturation as defined in North Dakota Century Code section 23.1-08-04. 13. "Hazard potential classification" means the possible adverse incremental consequences that result from the release of water or stored contents due to failure of the diked CCR surface impoundment or misoperation of the diked CCR surface impoundment or its appurtenances. The hazardous potential classifications include high-hazard potential CCR surface impoundment, low-hazard potential CCR surface impoundment, and significant-hazard potential CCR surface impoundment, which terms mean: a. "High-hazard potential CCR surface impoundment" means a diked surface impoundment where failure or misoperation will probably cause loss of human life. b. "Low-hazard potential CCR surface impoundment" means a diked surface impoundment where failure or misoperation results in no probable loss of human life and low economic or environmental losses, or both. Losses are principally limited to the surface impoundment owner's property. c. "Significant-hazard potential CCR surface impoundment" means a diked surface impoundment where failure or misoperation results in no probable loss of human life, but can cause economic loss, environmental damage, disruption of lifeline facilities, or impact other concerns. 14. "Height" means the vertical measurement from the downstream toe of the CCR surface impoundment at its lowest point to the lowest elevation of the crest of the CCR surface impoundment. 15. "Inactive CCR surface impoundment" means a CCR surface impoundment that no longer receives CCR on or after October 19, 2015, and still contains both CCR and liquids on or after October 19, 2015. 16. "In operation" means the same as "active life". 17. "Maximum horizontal acceleration in lithified earth material" means the maximum expected horizontal acceleration at the ground surface as depicted on a seismic hazard map, with a ninety-eight percent or greater probability that the acceleration will not be exceeded in fifty years, or the maximum expected horizontal acceleration based on a site-specific seismic risk assessment. 18. "New CCR landfill" means a CCR landfill or lateral expansion of a CCR landfill that first receives CCR or commences construction after October 19, 2015. A new CCR landfill has commenced construction if the owner or operator has obtained the federal, state, and local approvals or permits necessary to begin physical construction and a continuous onsite, physical construction program had begun after October 19, 2015. Overfills also are considered new CCR landfills. 19. "New CCR surface impoundment" means a CCR surface impoundment or lateral expansion of an existing or new CCR surface impoundment that first receives CCR or commences construction after October 19, 2015. A new CCR surface impoundment has commenced construction if the owner or operator has obtained the federal, state, and local approvals or permits necessary to begin physical construction and a continuous onsite, physical construction program had begun after October 19, 2015. 20. "Overfill" means a new CCR landfill constructed over a closed CCR surface impoundment. 21. "Pertinent surrounding areas" means all areas of the CCR surface impoundment or immediately surrounding the CCR surface impoundment that have the potential to affect the structural stability and condition of the CCR surface impoundment, including the toe of the downstream slope, the crest of the embankment, abutments, and unlined spillways. 22. "Poor foundation conditions" mean those areas where features exist which indicate that a natural or human-induced event may result in inadequate foundation support for the structural components of an existing or new CCR unit. For example, failure to maintain static and seismic factors of safety as required in subsection 3 of section 33.1-20-08-04 would cause a poor foundation condition. 23. "Qualified person" means a person or persons trained to recognize specific appearances of structural weakness and other conditions that are disrupting or have the potential to disrupt the operation or safety of the CCR unit by visual observation and, if applicable, to monitor instrumentation. 24. "Retrofit" means to remove all CCR and contaminated soils and sediments from the CCR surface impoundment, and to ensure the unit complies with the requirements in subsection 2 of section 33.1-20-08-04. 25. "Seismic factor of safety" means the factor of safety (safety factor) determined using analysis under earthquake conditions using the peak ground acceleration for a seismic event with a two percent probability of exceedance in fifty years, equivalent to a return period of approximately two thousand five hundred years, based on the United States geological survey seismic hazard maps for seismic events with this return period for the region where the CCR surface impoundment is located. 26. "Seismic impact zone" means an area having a two percent or greater probability that the maximum expected horizontal acceleration, expressed as a percentage of the earth's gravitational pull (g), will exceed 0.10 g in fifty years. 27. "Slope protection" means measures installed on the slopes or pertinent surrounding areas of the CCR unit that protect the slope against wave action, erosion, or adverse effects of rapid drawdown. Slope protection includes grassy vegetation and engineered slope protection measures.