N.M. Stat. § 45-3-103
Necessity of appointment for administration.
Except as otherwise provided in Sections 4-101 through 4-401 [45-4-101 to 45-4-
401 NMSA 1978], to acquire the powers and undertake the duties and liabilities of a
personal representative of a decedent, a person must be appointed by order of the
district court or probate court, qualify and be issued letters. Administration of an estate
is commenced by the issuance of letters.