250-RICR-140-05-6
250-RICR-140-05-6. Solid Waste Regulation No. 6 Petroleum Contaminated Soil Processing Facility (version Periodic Refile, 12/31/2001 to 12/31/2001)
STATE OF RHODE ISLAND AND PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONS
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
OFFICE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT
SOLID WASTE REGULATION NO. 6
PETROLEUM CONTAMINATED SOIL PROCESSING FACILITY
EFFECTIVE DATE JANUARY 1997
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
6.1.00 PETROLEUM CONTAMINATED SOIL PROCESSING FACILITY................................1
6.1.01 General Information ....................................................................................................................1
6.1.02 Applicability.................................................................................................................................1
6.1.03 Radius Plan..................................................................................................................................1
6.1.04 Site Plan ......................................................................................................................................1
6.1.05 Construction and Engineering Plans and Specifications..........................................................3
6.1.06 Operating Plan ............................................................................................................................3
6.1.07 Closure Plan.................................................................................................................................9
6.2.00 PETROLEUM CONTAMINATED SOIL PROCESSING
FACILITY-OPERATING STANDARDS..............................................................................10
6.2.01 Field Sampling to Provide Analytical Data for Evaluation of
Candidate Soil............................................................................................................................10
6.2.02 Laboratory Tests of Field Site Samples.....................................................................................10
6.2.03 Fingerprint Analysis and Testing ............................................................................................10
6.2.04 Sampling of Incoming Loads at Processing Facility for
Fingerprint Analysis.................................................................................................................10
6.2.05 Transportation Practices...........................................................................................................10
6.2.06 Acceptable Uses of Processed Soil.............................................................................................11
6.2.07 Limits of Parameters in the Processed Soil...............................................................................11
6.2.08 Sampling of Processed Soil at Processor's Facility..................................................................11
6.3.00 PETROLEUM CONTAMINATED SOIL PROCESSING
FACILITY - DESIGN STANDARDS....................................................................................12
6.3.01 Process Equipment ....................................................................................................................12
6.3.02 Design of Storage Chamber For Incoming Contaminated Soil...............................................12
6.3.03 Design of Holding Area for Processed Soil at Process Facility Site........................................13
Appendix A
Details of Waste Analysis Plan....................................................................................14
Appendix B
Field Sampling to Provide Analytical Data for Evaluation
of Candidate Soil...........................................................................................................15
Appendix C
Laboratory Tests of Field Site Samples ........................................................................18
Appendix D
Fingerprint Analysis and Testing................................................................................20
Appendix E
Sampling of Incoming Loads at Processing Facility for
Fingerprinting Analysis...............................................................................................22
Appendix F
Sampling of Processed Soil at Processor's Facility .....................................................25
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6.1.00 PETROLEUM CONTAMINATED SOIL PROCESSING FACILITY
6.1.01 General Information: All general requirements set forth in Rule 1.5.00 must be submitted.
6.1.02 Applicability: Rule 6.1.00, 6.2.00, 6.3.00, and Appendices A - F regulate the design,
construction, and operation of facilities that process virgin petroleum contaminated soil that
has been generated from aboveground or underground petroleum leaks or spills.
6.1.03 Radius Plan: A radius plan, including all the information listed below, shall be submitted. A
radius plan must be drawn to a minimum scale of one inch to two hundred feet (1" = 200
feet) adjusted to fit on standard 24 x 36 inch sheets and including all areas within a one-
quarter (1/4) mile radius out from all property lines on the site. The required information
includes:
(a)
Zoning of the area as required in Rule 1.5.05.
(b)
Legal boundaries of the site certified by a Registered Land Surveyor in the State of
Rhode Island.
(c)
All roads.
(d)
All buildings and dwellings.
(e)
All water supplies (wells, etc.).
(f)
All surface water courses.
(g)
North arrow.
(h)
Locus Plan.
6.1.04 Site Plan: A site plan, including all of the information listed below for all areas within the
site, shall be submitted. The site plan must be drawn to a minimum scale of one inch to one
hundred feet (1" = 100 feet), adjusted to fit on standard 24 x 36 inch sheet(s). The required
information includes:
(a)
Legal boundaries of site certified by a Registered Land Surveyor in the State of
Rhode Island.
(b)
Proposed fences and gates.
(c)
Roads.
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(d)
On-site traffic patterns.
(e)
Employee and visitor parking areas and truck parking areas.
(f)
Weighing facilities.
(g)
Buildings and equipment.
(h)
Load inspection area.
(i)
Unprocessed soil storage area(s)
(j)
Temporary storage area(s) for bulky, unprocessible, or prohibited
waste.
(k)
Ash storage area.
(l)
Residue disposal area.
(m)
Processed soil storage area(s).
(n)
Power and pipe lines and other utilities (e.g. water, sewer, gas, electric, telephone,
etc.) including:
(1)
Any aboveground or underground active or abandoned utility lines.
(2)
Any aboveground or underground storage tanks.
(o)
Fuel storage area(s).
(p)
Wells, including groundwater supply and groundwater observation wells.
(q)
Surface water courses.
(r)
Proposed leachate collection and treatment facilities.
(s)
Site drainage facilities.
(t)
Fire protection equipment.
(u)
Landscaping.
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(v)
Buffer zones.
(w)
North arrow.
6.1.05 Construction and Engineering Plans and Specifications: A complete set of construction and
engineering plans and specifications relating to all buildings, structures, equipment, and key
features of the facility must be submitted to the Department.
6.1.06 Operating Plan
(a)
An operating plan shall be submitted including information on all numbered sections
below. The minimum requirement for information to be provided is outlined in each
section.
(b)
The applicant must demonstrate an ability to comply with the General Operating
Standards (Rule 1.7.00), as well as the petroleum contaminated soil processing
facility operating and design standards in Rules 6.2.00 and 6.3.00, respectively. The
following information shall be included in the operating plan:
(1)
Operating Rates and Design Capacities
(i)
Expected contaminated soil processing rate (tons/hour and/or
tons/day), including ranges and average rate.
(ii)
Rated contaminated soil processing capacity of the facility (tons/hour
and/or tons/day).
(2)
Population and Service Area
Expected source(s) of soil, by type of spill or application.
(3)
Operating Hours
(i)
The days and hours that the facility will be open to receive
contaminated soil, and when soil will be processed.
(ii)
Discussion of any seasonal variations in the operating hours,
including planned facility shutdown periods (if any).
(4)
Provisions for Limited Access (see also Rule 1.7.02)
(i)
Description and name of access road(s) into the facility and egress
road(s) from the facility.
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(ii)
Security equipment and location, including physical description of
any fencing around the facility and physical description of barriers or
gates at access/egress points.
(iii)
Any natural land features or other conditions which prevent access to
the facility.
(iv)
Security personnel locations, activities, and work schedules (if any).
(5)
Waste Analysis Plan
The goal of the waste analysis plan is to ensure that the facility does not
accept any hazardous waste; or any non-hazardous waste for which it is not
licensed, or which may pose a threat to human health or the environment.
Details of information to be included in the waste analysis plan are provided
in Appendix A.
(6)
Transportation Practices
(i)
A description of transportation practices to be used by transporters of
incoming and outgoing soil (see Rule 6.2.05 for further details).
(ii)
Discussion of on-site traffic control measures and traffic flow
patterns.
(7)
Manifested Loads and Rejected Loads
(i)
A description of the procedure to be used for accepting manifested
material, if any.
(ii)
Explanation of how rejected loads (including waste classified as
hazardous by Rhode Island laws) will be handled.
(8)
Weighing Facilities
(i)
Physical description of weighing facilities.
(ii)
Details of information to be recorded on incoming vehicles carrying
solid waste, outgoing empty vehicles and outgoing vehicles carrying
non-processible wastes, rejected loads, processed soil, etc.
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(iii)
Description of any equipment used to record and store weighing
information.
(9)
Operating Logs
A description of the operating log(s) which will be maintained at the facility,
including samples of forms. A running inventory shall be maintained of the
wastes which are accepted, processed, and sent off-site. The date of
acceptance, date of processing, and source of material should also be
identified.
(10)
Storage of Unprocessed and Processed Soil
A description of the storage method to be used for the incoming waste and
outgoing material. The incoming waste storage must minimize precipitation
run-on and run-off and must segregate different shipments pending analysis.
The storage capacity of the facility must be provided (see Rules 6.3.02 and
6.3.03 for further details).
(11)
Process Equipment
A description of the process equipment must include any air pollution control
equipment. Operating parameters and process capacity must also be
included. Process control and instrumentation shall be delineated.
(12)
Loading and Unloading
A description of the loading and unloading operations at the facility,
including a description of how dust will be minimized.
(13)
Facility Housekeeping Procedures
(i)
Identification of the areas at the facility susceptible to:
(A)
Dust problems.
(B)
Litter problems.
(C)
Odor problems.
(D)
Vector problems.
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(ii)
A detailed description of the proposed design and/or operational
procedures to control and prevent these problems.
(14)
Air Pollution
A description of how compliance with Rule 1.4.03 will be achieved.
(15)
Water Pollution
(i)
A description of water and wastewater treatment and disposal (if
any).
(ii)
A description of procedures showing how compliance with Rule
1.4.02 will be achieved.
(16)
Residue Storage and Disposal
(i)
A description of how any residues collected in the air pollution
control equipment will be managed. This material should be
periodically tested to determine if it is hazardous waste.
(ii)
Identification of the residue's ultimate use or disposal destination.
(17)
Non-processible and Bulky Waste
A description of how any non-processed (prohibited or screened) waste is
handled, managed, and disposed.
(18)
Processed Soil
(i)
Identification of the intended uses of the processed soil (see Rule
6.2.06 for further details).
(ii)
Identification of the allowable limits of analytical parameters in the
processed soil, and discussion of sampling procedures.
(iii)
Discussion of management of any soil is rejected because it fails tests
in (ii), or for any other reasons.
(19)
Inspection
(i)
Discussion of facility items to be inspected on a regular basis.
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(ii)
An inspection schedule to be followed by plant personnel to monitor
the equipment, and provide for remedial action, if needed.
(iii)
Sample of inspection form or documentation of inspection.
(20)
Routine Overhaul and Maintenance
(i)
A list of facility items to be repaired or maintained on an ongoing
basis.
(ii)
The anticipated schedule for repair or maintenance of each item.
(iii)
Technical literature (if any) on inspection, maintenance, and overhaul
procedures.
(21)
Substitute Disposal and/or Transfer Arrangements
(i)
Identification of an alternate solid waste management facility to
process or dispose of contaminated soil and other solid waste on site,
in the event of equipment failure or facility shutdown.
(ii)
Discussion of outage time intervals that would trigger actions in (i).
(iii)
Documentation of the agreement with the substitute facility.
(22)
Personnel and Duties
(i)
Staffing
(A)
An organizational/manning chart for the facility
(B)
Job descriptions, i.e., duties and responsibilities for each
facility position. Include any requisite skills, experience, etc.,
where appropriate.
(C)
In the event of a multiple-shift operation, the staffing
provided for each shift.
(ii)
Personnel Training
8
A description of the procedures to be used for training personnel to
operate the facility in accordance with regulations and in a safe
manner. An outline of the training curriculum and sample training
documentation must be provided.
(23)
Personnel Protection and Safety
(i)
Discussion of design, operation, and maintenance safety provisions,
per Rule 1.7.12(a).
(ii)
Personnel safety equipment and clothing used for normal work
activities.
(iii)
Protective equipment and clothing for emergency situations.
(24)
Fire Control and Prevention Provisions
(i)
Discussion of facility design or operating provisions, relative to fire
prevention.
(ii)
A description of the specific fire protection equipment on site, water
supply for fire fighting and other fire fighting media, along with a
justification of its adequacy.
(iii)
Documented agreement with nearby fire department to provide
emergency service whenever called.
(25)
Contingency Plan
An outline of specific steps to be taken in the event of any foreseeable
emergency or accident.
(26)
Communication Equipment
Description of the type(s) of communication devices available in the facility.
A telephone is a requirement.
(27)
Records
A list of all documents that will be stored as records of facility operation, the
storage location, and the time period the information will be retained.
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(28)
Aesthetics
Discussion of any landscaping, buffering, set backs, or other measures to
reduce potential negative visual impacts off-site.
6.1.07 Closure Plan
This plan will include the following, at minimum:
(a)
Planned or estimated year or time period of proposed closure.
(b)
Measures taken to remove all remaining contaminated soil and any other solid waste
from the facility. At least two off-site disposal facilities should be identified.
(c)
A description of the decommissioning and cleaning of the facility before it is taken
out of service. All surfaces which were in contact with contaminated soil must be
cleaned with a steam jenny and the resulting wash waters must be handled
appropriately. Some criteria, either visual or analytical or both, must be proposed for
verifying when decontamination is satisfactory. Any contractors or off-site facilities
to be used should be identified.
(d)
Methods to restrict access and prevent additional waste disposal at the facility.
(e)
Physical description and location of any fences or gates placed at the facility.
(f)
Legal boundaries of the closed area.
(g)
Methods of protecting ground and surface water and controlling air emissions in the
vicinity of the facility.
(h)
Intended future use of the facility following closure (immediate and long-term use).
The ultimate fate of all equipment used in the licensed operation should be discussed.
With respect to the closure cost estimate (Rule 1.5.10 (b)(1)), the scenario chosen for the
estimate shall be derived from the most expensive reasonably foreseeable situation; e.g.,
third party labor costs and off-site disposal of all stock-piled soil. It should not be assumed
that the facility will be able to process the remaining soil, or that facility personnel will be
able to carry out the closure plan. All costs, e.g., administrative, labor, equipment,
analytical, etc. must be included. The source of any price quotations should be identified.
With respect to the financial assurance (Rule 1.5.10 (b)(2)), the applicant must post financial
assurance for the full amount of the closure cost estimate as a pre-condition for the issuance
of a solid waste management facility license.
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6.2.00 PETROLEUM
CONTAMINATED
SOIL
PROCESSING
FACILITY
--
OPERATING STANDARDS
6.2.01 Field Sampling to Provide Analytical Data for Evaluation of Candidate Soil
The contaminated soil must be sampled and tested to adequately characterize it and to
minimize the potential of accepting hazardous materials or materials that the soil processor is
not permitted to accept. Details of field sampling and test strategies are provided in
Appendix B.
6.2.02 Laboratory Tests of Field Site Samples
Samples of contaminated soil from field sites must be tested in a certified laboratory as part
of the soil verification procedures. Details of parameters to be analyzed in the tests are
provided in Appendix C.
6.2.03 Fingerprint Analysis and Testing
Inspection, sampling, and testing of soil arriving at the facility shall be performed. Details of
the inspection and the parameters to be analyzed in the tests are provided in Appendix D.
6.2.04 Sampling of Incoming Loads at Processing Facility for Fingerprint Analysis
Appropriate sampling of soil arriving at the facility shall be performed in order to adequately
fingerprint the soil and minimize the potential of accepting hazardous waste. Details of
fingerprint sampling are provided in Appendix E.
6.2.05 Transportation Practices
Measures shall be employed to minimize precipitation run-on, prevent loss of soil or
contaminants from the truck, and prevent a spill of material, while in transit. This applies to
incoming soils and outgoing rejected contaminated soil or processed soil. Recommended
measures include:
1.
A secured cover placed over the soil.
2.
A gate sealing method to prevent leakage of any run-off of soil contaminant.
3.
A chain wrapped around the gate, as an additional securing feature to prevent the
weight of the load from forcing open the gate.
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Additional measures may be required by other states, when interstate transfers are involved,
and if the affected state(s) regulates this soil as a hazardous waste. It shall be the
responsibility of the soil processor to inform the transporter, in advance, of the need to
comply with these practices. Failure of the transporter to follow these instructions shall be
grounds for load rejection by the processor.
6.2.06 Acceptable Uses of Processed Soil
Any material processed by RIDEM licensed solid waste management facilities, or by out-of-
state facilities and to be re-used within Rhode Island, may be used for any of the following
applications:
(a)
Aggregate in asphalt production.
(b)
Road base material (provided covered by asphalt). Approval must be obtained from
RIDEM Office of Water Resources for each site or application where this road base
material is proposed to be used.
(c)
Landfill cover material in any licensed RI landfill.
6.2.07 Limits of Parameters in the Processed Soil
(a)
Any soil to be used as aggregate for asphalt production within Rhode Island shall
meet the specifications of the appropriate party, e.g., RIDOT specifications, when
used on public state highways. Periodic testing of the aggregate and/or asphalt shall
be performed at the processing facility to demonstrate that the material meets
specifications.
(b)
Any soil to be used as a landfill cover or road base material shall have TPH of 300
ppm or less and shall meet any other specifications required by the given landfill
operator/owner or by the buyer of the road base material. The landfill must amend
its RIDEM operating plan to show it will be accepting this material for landfill cover.
6.2.08 Sampling of Processed Soil at Processor's Facility
Appropriate sampling and testing of the processed soil shall be performed to determine the
extent of residual petroleum contaminant in the soil or due to other requirements (if any) of
the accepting party. Details of the sampling and test strategy are provided in Appendix F.
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6.3.00 PETROLEUM CONTAMINATED SOIL PROCESSING FACILITY - DESIGN
STANDARDS
6.3.01 Process Equipment
Process equipment shall be designed to include the best available air pollution control
equipment to ensure the most complete destruction of vaporized hydrocarbons.
This may include after-burner equipment or other equally efficient methods.
6.3.02 Design of Storage Chamber for Incoming Contaminated Soil
(a)
An enclosed structure(s) and a permanent roof to keep out adverse weather elements
shall be provided.
(b)
Soil shall rest on a permanent, impervious floor, sloped to channel any run-off
petroleum products and water to a collection point or area.
(c)
Berming of the structure (including any opening in the building for vehicle access)
shall be provided to prevent inflow of rainwater (run-on) and to prevent run-off of
petroleum contaminant/water from the storage piles onto soil outside the enclosure.
(d)
Adequate venting, such as through use of roof vents, shall be provided to prevent
build-up of petroleum vapors.
(e)
Natural lighting, rather than electric lighting or other types of artificial lighting, shall
be provided.
(f)
Electric power sources or any other sources of heat or sparks shall be avoided.
Electrical devices, if any, shall meet the appropriate fire codes governing prevention
of sparks.
(g)
Soil storage, prior to completion of the fingerprinting process, includes the following
options:
(1)
Storage in the enclosed structure(s) with provisions to allow for, at minimum,
all loads from a given generator site to be segregated from loads from other
sites until fingerprint sampling and testing has been completed and the loads
have been accepted for processing.
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(2)
Storage in trucks at the facility until the soil has been fingerprinted and has
been accepted for processing. The trucks shall be covered until the soil is
unloaded.
(h)
Sufficient storage capacity shall be provided for soils to be stored per Rule 6.3.02
(g)(1), as well as for soils that have been accepted and are awaiting transfer to the
kiln for processing.
6.3.03 Design of Holding Area for Processed Soil at Process Facility Site
(a)
Processed soil that has a total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration of less
than 300 ppm may be stored at the process facility site without any containing
enclosure or holding pad.
(b)
Processed soil that has a total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration of 300
ppm or greater must be stored on an impervious holding pad, and adequately bermed
to prevent run-off from the pile from escaping to the surrounding soil.
(c)
Adequate erosion and sedimentation control to minimize effect of any run-off from
the stored processed piles should be included.
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APPENDIX A
Details of Waste Analysis Plan
(Per Rule 6.1.06(b)(5)
The waste analysis plan must specify exactly what kind of materials the facility proposes to accept
for processing. The soil shall be contaminated with only virgin petroleum products and associated
spill clean-up debris. Language like "such as" or "etc" used in describing the incoming waste
streams is unacceptable. In addition to the types of accepted material, numerical limits must be
proposed for all significant contaminated soil parameters including, at a minimum, flashpoint, total
petroleum hydrocarbons (per any equipment processing limitations), non-halogenated volatile
organic compounds, halogenated volatile organic compounds, EP toxic metals (arsenic, barium,
cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB),
cyanide, and Ph. The acceptable physical state of the contaminated soil must also be specified. The
waste analysis section of the operating plan must also provide a comprehensive waste verification
procedure. This refers to efforts by the waste processing facility personnel to ensure that the soil
received is contaminated by only virgin petroleum products and associated spill clean-up debris and
that the possibility of accepting hazardous waste is minimized. Verification also allows the
processor to assess if the processing equipment employed for soil clean-up will be adequate to
handle the waste, given the levels of contaminant and any required limits of contamination in the
cleaned product. Steps in the verification procedure include at least:
(a)
Pre-screening of the waste through initial discussion between generator and waste processor.
(b)
On-site visit by waste processor personnel to inspect the waste pile.
(c)
Field sampling and subsequent lab testing (see Rules 6.2.01 and 6.2.02 and Appendices B
and C for further details).
(d)
Documentation information supplied by the generator in the contaminated materials profile
sheet and reviewed and accepted by the processor.
(e)
Fingerprinting (inspection, sampling, and testing) of incoming waste, as it arrives at the
processing facility (see Rules 6.2.03 and 6.2.04 and Appendices D and E for further details).
(f)
Other administrative forms, to be completed by the generator, transporter, and processor, to
minimize the potential of accepting any waste other than that which was originally tested.
Other key elements of the waste analysis plan shall include sampling techniques and
protocol, identification of sampling personnel, identification of laboratories that perform
sample analyses, and the quality assurance/quality control measures to ensure data integrity.
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APPENDIX B
Field Sampling to Provide Analytical Data for Evaluation of Candidate Soil
(Per Rule 6.2.01)
The following represents a minimal sampling and testing strategy. Additional sampling may be
required at a given site, on a case-by-case basis, to adequately characterize the contaminated soil and
to minimize the potential of accepting hazardous materials or materials that the soil processor is not
permitted to accept.
(a)
Scenario 1: For projects where contaminated soil has been excavated and stockpiled and
where the piles are "homogeneous" or "heterogeneous" defined as follows:
Homogeneous Pile or Site - A contaminated soil pile or site, where it is known or suspected
that only one type of spill material (contaminant) has occurred either in a single spill or leak
or multiple spills or leaks. Also, the pile or site has an appearance of being approximately
evenly contaminated (approximately same concentration of contaminant throughout) based
on visual observation and/or using portable contaminant monitoring devices.
Heterogeneous Pile or Site - A contaminated pile or site, where it is known or suspected that
one or more spills of one type of spill material (contaminant) has occurred in a defined area
or sector of the pile or site, while one or more spills of a second type of spill material has
occurred in a different, defined area or sector of the pile or site.
or
A contaminated pile or site, where there are visual differences in the appearance of spill
material in different, defined areas or sectors of the pile or site and/or where contaminant
monitoring devices provide significantly different readings in different, defined areas or
sectors of the pile or site such that:
(1)
There is a potential that different spill materials (contaminants) exist in separate,
defined areas of the pile or site or
(2)
It is likely that the concentration of contaminant of a single type varies significantly
in separate, defined areas of the pile or site.
Case 1 - Homogeneous Pile or Site:
Divide the overall pile (on paper) into grid segments of 20 cubic yards each, when looked at
a three dimensional view. In each grid segment, collect one grab sample at a depth of at least
two feet. Collect it from the area of the grid segment that appears to have the highest
concentration of contaminant, per visual observation. Alternately, if the concentration of
contaminant throughout the grid segment is uniform, i.e., no discernible difference per visual
observation, then collect it from the mid-point of the grid segment.
16
If the contaminated pile is arranged such that the above grid segment plan and sampling
approach cannot be applied, then an alternate method can be used, provided approval is
obtained from the Solid Waste Section of the RIDEM Office of Waste Management.
In the laboratory, half of each of the five grab samples from five adjacent grids will be
composited into one sample for test purposes and to represent that cumulative 100 cubic
yards of soil. (Therefore, there will be one composite sample and one set of lab tests for
each 100 cubic yard of soil, or portion thereof). If any of the composite sample's test indicate
a problem (hazardous waste characteristics, material not acceptable per the applicant's
permit, etc.) then the soil processor shall have several options:
(1)
Reject the entire pile at the site or
(2)
Reject the entire 100 cubic yard of soil associated with each composite that has the
problem or
(3)
Re-test each individual grab sample within the 100 cubic yard sector(s) that has the
problem, to determine if the problem can be isolated to a give grid segment (and thus
being able to accept other grid segments within that 100 cubic yard sector).
Case 2 - Heterogeneous Pile or Site
The procedures to be used are the same as in Case 1 for homogeneous piles or sites, except
for the following:
(1)
Layout the grid network in a manner that maximizes the number of adjacent grids
that are known or suspected to be homogeneous with one another.
(2)
In the laboratory, compositing, for test purposes, will be performed on grab samples
from adjacent grids that are known or suspected to be homogeneous with one
another. Therefore, each composite will consist of a minimum of one grab sample
(from a grid that is known or suspected to be heterogeneous relative to adjacent
grids) to a maximum of five grab samples (all known or suspected to be
homogeneous with one another). Thus, there will be one composite sample and one
set of lab tests for a maximum of each 100 cubic yards of soil.
(b)
Scenario 2: For projects where excavation and stockpiling is not possible due to space
restrictions or environmental considerations:
After the boundaries of the contaminated area have been established, divide the overall area
(on paper) into grid segments of 20 yd3 each. Excavate in the middle of the grid to the
apparent limits of contamination. While excavating, take grid samples at two foot vertical
intervals and composite these vertical samples into one sample.
17
In the laboratory, half of each of the five composite samples from five adjacent grids will, in
turn, be composited into one sample for test purposes, and to be representative of that
cumulative 100 yd3 of soil. (Therefore, there will be one composite sample and one set of
lab tests for each 100 yd3 of soil, or portion thereof). In the event that any composite
sample's tests indicate a problem (hazardous waste characteristics, material that is not
acceptable per the applicant's permit, etc.) then the soil processor shall have several options:
(1)
Reject the entire amount of contaminated material at the site or
(2)
Reject the entire 100 yd3 sector of soil associated with each composite that has the
problem or
(3)
Re-test each individual composite sample from each grid segment within the
sector(s) that has the problem to determine if the problem can be isolated to a given
grid segment (and thus being able to accept other grid segments within that 100 yd3
sector(s)).
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APPENDIX C
Laboratory Tests of Field Site Samples
(Per Rule 6.2.02)
(a)
All sites, regardless of spill material, will be required to have lab testing performed for
flashpoint, total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs -
including separate tests for halogenated and non-halogenated VOC).
(b)
A full scan, to include at minimum, the tests required in (a) as well as tests for EPTOX
metals, PCB, cyanide, and pH will be required for any of the following scenarios:
(1)
When the waste pile has been moved from its original site of spill to an off-site
location, regardless of time elapsed since the spill occurrence or since the time of
transfer. (Logic - additional contaminated soil, containing other types of
contaminants, or contaminant alone could be combined with this waste pile, off-site.)
(2)
When the soil processor's representative cannot verify from on-site visual inspection
and from the statements or documentation of the generator, that the contaminated
pile contains only soil and contaminant and clean-up debris from the excavated hole
where the specific spill occurred. (Logic -- additional contaminated soil, containing
other types of contaminants from other locations at the generator's site or brought in
from other sites, could be combined with this waste pile.)
(3)
On sites with large volumes of contaminated soil, the soil processor's license
application shall propose a volume, 'X' cubic yards or greater, that will require a full
scan. (Logic -- potential for larger quantities of hazardous waste in larger piles,
which could result in significant environmental releases during incineration.
Therefore, need extra caution (screen for hazardous waste using a full scan)). The
application should also provide some supporting statements and justification for
selection of this limit on volume of material.
(c)
As an option, the applicant may choose up front to perform the full scan as defined in (b),
rather than proceeding through decision steps in (b)(1) -(b)(3) scenarios
(d)
If the applicant does not select option (c) and where (b) has been determined not to apply,
then a sub-set of the full scan tests shall be performed, when necessary, based on knowledge
of the contaminant (e.g., EP toxic lead for a spill of leaded gas). If the applicant selects
option (d), then the following steps shall be taken to decide what lab tests will be performed
on field samples of contaminated soil:
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(1)
Determination of the constituents or elements in the virgin petroleum product at the
time of the spill, based on a recent fuel spec provided by the generator, or laboratory
testing of sample(s) of the virgin product, or some other acceptable means to verify
what is in the product. The information provided shall include the concentration
(mg/l or ppm) or range of concentrations of each constituent or element.
(2)
Each constituent or element that is at a concentration that is considered hazardous,
according to RIDEM rules and regulations, when it becomes a waste product (when
it is spilled into the soil), shall be tested for, in the soil sample. Alternately, if the
information provided includes only a range of concentrations of each constituent or
element, then the highest concentration in this range shall be considered to be actual
concentration in the spill virgin product.
Examples include:
(i)
Selected EP toxic metals:
Lead in leaded gasoline and aviation fuels and cadmium in certain hydraulic
oils
(ii)
Carcinogenic properties:
Benzene (known carcinogen) in gasoline (restrict benzene to maximum of
1000 ppm in soil per RIDEM regulations).
(iii)
An exception is PCB-contaminated soil. If the virgin petroleum product
contains PCB levels greater than 50 ppm (per recent fuel spec or by lab
testing of the fuel), then the resulting contaminated soil, regardless of the
measured concentration of PCB in the soil is hazardous waste (TSCA
regulations) and cannot be accepted for processing. Otherwise, if the PCB
concentration in the soil is greater than 1 ppm, then the soil shall also be
excluded from acceptance.
(e)
If the applicant has any doubt whatsoever that the soil may be contaminated by products
other than virgin petroleum products or may contain any constituent such that the pile would
be considered to be hazardous waste, then additional testing such as a repeat of previous tests
on other portions of the pile or other types of tests, based on a suspected contaminant, should
be performed.
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APPENDIX D
Fingerprint Analysis and Testing
(Per Rule 6.2.03)
(a)
Fingerprinting is performed for numerous reasons, including:
(1)
As a safeguard against outside undesirable or uncontrollable factors, specifically to
allow for an assessment of the material being received versus material originally
tested at the generator site, for conformity.
(2)
To allow the processor to assess soil arriving at the facility to ensure it is processible,
given any limitations of the equipment employed for soil cleaning, processing
procedure limitations, and any required limits of contamination in the cleaned
material.
(3)
As a personnel safety measure, relative to assessing material flammability, since the
material will be handled, stored, and processed.
(4)
As an environmental regulatory measure, i.e., an additional safeguard to prevent the
acceptance of hazardous waste and to prevent material from being processed, that is
not within the processor's permit of material acceptable for processing.
(5)
As a check on the analysis and testing originally done on soil samples at the
generator site.
(6)
As a tool to discourage outside undesirable actions (prior to arrival at the facility) and
to encourage proper procedures in the waste acceptance multi-step process.
(b)
Therefore, the minimum fingerprinting requirements shall include:
(1)
Visual inspection of each incoming truck load of soil, by the processor's
employee/representative as it arrives at the processing facility.
(2)
Appropriate sampling and testing of the unprocessed soil (sampling and testing
strategies are presented in Rule 6.2.04 and Appendix E). The actual tests will
include, at minimum, soil flashpoint and a PCB test (whenever the field sampling at
the generator site included PCB testing and also at the option of the processor).
Other additional tests relative to other parameters may be desirable for a more
complete fingerprint, on a case-by-case basis, per the suspected contaminant in the
soil at the generator site, as well as other factors. The processor should indicate the
normal testing protocol for these various cases. Also, RIDEM may require
additional tests, based on the conditions of the processor's permit.
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(3)
Wherever the term "full scan lab tests" is mentioned in Appendix E (which discusses
fingerprint sampling and testing strategies) this shall include at minimum, flashpoint,
total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), volatile organic compounds (VOC) including
separate tests for halogenated and non-halogenated VOC, EPTOX metals, (arsenic,
barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver) PCB, cyanide and
pH (see Appendix E, paragraphs (d)(2), (d)(3), (e)(2), and (e)(3), where full scan lab
tests apply).
(4)
The processor shall notify all parties involved in the steps leading up to arrival of soil
at the processor's facility, including the generator, excavator, and transporter that
fingerprinting procedures will be employed (with associated potential for rejection of
soil).
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APPENDIX E
Sampling of Incoming Loads at Processing Facility, for Fingerprinting Analysis
(Per Rule 6.2.04)
The following is a guideline that represents a minimum sampling and testing strategy. Additional
sampling and testing may be desirable at a given facility, on a case-by-case basis, to adequately
fingerprint the soil and to minimize potential of accepting hazardous waste. (Parameters to be
analyzed in the tests are discussed in Rule 6.2.03 and Appendix D).
(a)
Each truck load of waste arriving at the facility shall be sampled. This applies to all loads
from a given field site (generator site) originating from a small or large excavated pile or
unexcavated area and even if the material appears to be homogeneous at the site.
(b)
Sampling may be performed while the load is on the truck or after the load has been
deposited in the receiving area (in the latter case, the load shall be segregated from other
truck loads from the given field site, at least until sampling is completed).
(c)
At least five grab samples shall be collected from each truck load, from a depth of at least
one foot, at zones within the pile designated as north, south, east, west, and center. In each
zone the sample should be collected from the point with highest visually observed
contamination concentration level. These samples shall be composited into one sample.
(d)
If the processor's facility design and operating procedures are such that all truck loads from a
given site are combined into one overall pile, after sampling for fingerprint analysis, then the
following applies:
(1)
Composite samples from approximately five truck loads will, in turn be composited
into one overall sample, representing approximately 100 cubic yards of soil and for
test purposes (therefore, there will be one overall composite sample and one set of
fingerprint tests for each 100 cubic yards of soil, or portion thereof).
(2)
Fingerprint tests should be performed on a portion of each overall composite sample,
with the results compared to the lab test results on generator site samples. If there is
significant comparison differences for any of the composite samples, then the
fingerprint tests should be repeated on the remaining portion of each composite
sample, where results differed. A "significant comparison difference" shall mean,
considerably lower flashpoints or considerably higher PCB levels in the fingerprint
samples (per discretion of processor) and definitely any samples indicating
flashpoints less than 100oF or PCB levels greater than 50 ppm. If any of the repeat
fingerprint tests verifies significant comparison difference for any of the composite
samples, then the processor has options as follows:
(i)
Reject all truck loads from that generator site or
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(ii)
Perform a full scan of lab tests on each composite sample with significant
comparison differences per above. If any of these full scan lab tests indicate
the presence of hazardous waste or the presence of a material the processor is
not permitted to accept, then the processor shall reject all truck loads from
that site.
(3)
For any site requiring 'X' or more truck loads or 'X' cubic yards (or more) of waste to
be processed, whichever is smaller, there shall be at least one full scan lab test
performed on one of the composited samples from five truck loads, per above. If test
results indicate the presence of hazardous waste or the presence of a material the
processor is not permitted to accept, then the processor shall reject all truck loads
from that site. (The processor shall propose appropriate criteria for this test to be
triggered, i.e., define 'X' in the limits above and discuss reasons for selection of these
limits.)
(e)
If the processor's facility design and operating procedures are such that segregation of
portion(s) of a generator's soil is maintained, after sampling for fingerprint analysis and until
fingerprint tests on that soil are completed, then the following options apply:
(1)
The processor may use the procedures exactly as described in (d)(1) and (d)(2) above
or
(2)
The processor may use a modified version of (d)(1) and (d)(2) as follows:
(i)
Composite samples from approximately five truck loads or from all truck
loads in a given segregated holding area, (but from no more than 100 yd3 of
soil), shall be composited into one overall composite sample for test
purposes. (Therefore, there will be one overall composite sample and one set
of fingerprint tests for a maximum of each 100 yd3 of soil.)
(ii)
Fingerprint tests shall be performed on a portion of each overall composite
sample, with the results compared to the lab test results on generator site
samples. If there is significant comparison differences for any of the
composite samples, then the fingerprint tests shall be repeated on the
remaining portion of each composite sample, where results differed. If any
of the repeat fingerprint tests verifies significant comparison differences for
any of the composite samples, then the processor has options as follows:
(A)
Reject all truck loads from that generator site or
(B)
Reject all truck loads from the segregated holding area(s) associated
with each of the composite samples that tested significantly different.
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(C)
Perform a full scan of lab tests on each composite sample with
significant comparison differences per above. If any of these full
scan lab tests indicate the presence of hazardous waste or the
presence of a material the processor is not permitted to accept, then
the processor has the option of rejecting all truck loads from that site,
or at minimum, rejecting all truck loads from the segregated holding
area(s) associated with each composite sample that test positively for
hazardous waste characteristics or unacceptable material, per above.
(3)
For any site requiring 'X' or more truck loads or 'X' cubic yards (or more) of waste to
be processed, whichever is smaller, there shall be at least one full scan lab test
performed on one of the composited samples from five truck loads, per above. If test
results indicate the presence of hazardous waste or presence of a material the
processor is not permitted to accept, then the processor shall have the option of
rejecting all truck loads from that site, or at minimum, rejecting all truck loads from
the segregated holding area(s) associated with that composite sample and performing
additional full scan lab tests on the other composite samples. (The processor shall
propose appropriate criteria for this test to be triggered, i.e., define 'X' in the limits
above and discuss revisions for selection of these limits.)
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APPENDIX F
Sampling of Processed Soil at Processor's Facility
(Per Rule 6.2.08)
The following is a guideline that represents a minimum sampling and testing strategy. Additional
sampling and testing may be desirable at a given facility, on a case-by-case, or where required by the
party that will be accepting the soil for re-use. Details of the actual tests and analyses will be based
on any requirements of the accepting party.
Each 100 cubic yards of processed soil shall be sampled and tested. From each 100 cubic yards of
processed soil in the holding area take five grab samples, each from a depth of at least one foot in the
pile. The locations of the sample points shall be from designated zones within each 100 cubic yards
grid, i.e., north, south, east, west, and center. The grab sample will, in turn, be composited into one
sample for test purposes and a portion of this sample will be tested in the laboratory. If the test
results indicate that the soil is sufficiently void of contaminants, then it can be moved out of the
holding area and stored in other areas of the process facility.
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The foregoing "Solid Waste Regulation No. 6-Petroleum Contaminated Soil Processing Facility" of
the "Rules and Regulations for Composting Facilities and Solid Waste Management Facilities,
January 1997, after due notice, are hereby adopted and filed with the Secretary of State this
day of , 19 to become effective twenty (20) days thereafter, in
accordance with the provisions of Chapters 2-1, 2-22, 2-23, 5-51, 23-18.8, 23-18.9, 23-19, 23-19.1,
23-23, 23-63, 37-15.1, 42-17.1, 42-17.6, 42-35, 44-27, and 46-12 of the General Laws of Rhode
Island of 1956, as amended.
Jan Reitsma, Director
Department of Environmental Management
Notice Given on:
Public Hearing held:
Filing Date:
Effective Date: