WAC 173-183-450
WAC 173-183-450. Salmon vulnerability
(1) The salmon vulnerability ranking is based on seasonal habitat preference of juveniles during outmigration, adults as they return to spawn and the presence of oil in river mouths during peak occurrence of salmon runs. The salmon vulnerability ranking was developed from existing information and determinations of the salmon subcommittee of the scientific advisory board. In the case of Chinook salmon, habitat preference differs for subyearlings and yearlings.
(2) The vulnerability of five salmon species in nine habitats are relatively scored for vulnerability to oil spills on a 1 to 5 scale for each season, where 5 represents the most vulnerable condition, and a score of 1 represents the least vulnerable condition, as follows:
Table 7. Vulnerability of Salmon Species and/or Species Yearclass by Habitat and Season
SPECIES/YEARCLASS and SALMON VULNERABILITY HABITAT HABITAT VULNERABILITY SCORE (savs) SEASON SP SU FA WI Chinook (subyearling) Intertidal Rocky 1 1 1 1 Cobble 2 2 1 1 Gravel 3 3 2 2 Sand (vegetated) 4 5 3 3 Sand (no vegetation) 3 3 2 2 Mud (vegetated) 4 5 3 3 Mud (no vegetation) 3 3 2 3 Subtidal 2 2 1 1 Pelagic 4 4 3 3 Chinook (yearling) Intertidal Rocky 1 1 1 1 Cobble 3 3 2 2 Gravel 3 3 3 2 Sand (vegetated) 3 3 2 2 Sand (no vegetation) 3 3 2 2 Mud (vegetated) 3 3 2 2 Mud (no vegetation) 3 3 2 2 Subtidal 2 2 1 1 Pelagic 4 4 3 3 Coho Intertidal Rocky 1 1 1 1 Cobble 3 2 2 2 Gravel 3 4 2 2 Sand (vegetated) 5 4 3 4 Sand (no vegetation) 3 2 2 3 Mud (vegetated) 5 4 3 4 Mud (no vegetation) 3 4 2 3 Subtidal 2 2 1 1 Pelagic 4 4 3 3 Pink Intertidal Rocky 1 1 1 1 Cobble 2 1 1 1 Gravel 3 1 1 3 Sand (vegetated) 5 2 2 5 Sand (no vegetation) 3 2 2 3 Mud (vegetated) 5 2 2 5 Mud (no vegetation) 3 1 1 3 Subtidal 2 1 1 1 Pelagic 4 2 2 2 Chum Intertidal Rocky 1 1 1 1 Cobble 2 1 1 1 Gravel 3 2 2 3 Sand (vegetated) 5 3 2 5 Sand (no vegetation) 3 2 2 3 Mud (vegetated) 5 4 2 5 Mud (no vegetation) 3 2 2 3 Subdtidal 2 2 1 1 Pelagic 4 4 2 2 Sockeye Intertidal Rocky 2 2 1 1 Cobble 2 1 1 1 Gravel 2 1 1 1 Sand (vegetated) 2 1 1 1 Sand (no vegetation) 2 1 1 1 Mud (vegetated) 2 1 1 1 Mud (no vegetation) 3 1 1 1 Subtidal 1 2 1 1 Pelagic 4 4 2 2
SPECIES/YEARCLASS and SALMON VULNERABILITY HABITAT
HABITAT VULNERABILITY SCORE (savs) SEASON
SP
SU
FA
WI
Chinook (subyearling)
Intertidal
Rocky
1
1
1
1
Cobble
2
2
1
1
Gravel
3
3
2
2
Sand (vegetated)
4
5
3
3
Sand (no vegetation)
3
3
2
2
Mud (vegetated)
4
5
3
3
Mud (no vegetation)
3
3
2
3
Subtidal
2
2
1
1
Pelagic
4
4
3
3
Chinook (yearling)
Intertidal
Rocky
1
1
1
1
Cobble
3
3
2
2
Gravel
3
3
3
2
Sand (vegetated)
3
3
2
2
Sand (no vegetation)
3
3
2
2
Mud (vegetated)
3
3
2
2
Mud (no vegetation)
3
3
2
2
Subtidal
2
2
1
1
Pelagic
4
4
3
3
Coho
Intertidal
Rocky
1
1
1
1
Cobble
3
2
2
2
Gravel
3
4
2
2
Sand (vegetated)
5
4
3
4
Sand (no vegetation)
3
2
2
3
Mud (vegetated)
5
4
3
4
Mud (no vegetation)
3
4
2
3
Subtidal
2
2
1
1
Pelagic
4
4
3
3
Pink
Intertidal
Rocky
1
1
1
1
Cobble
2
1
1
1
Gravel
3
1
1
3
Sand (vegetated)
5
2
2
5
Sand (no vegetation)
3
2
2
3
Mud (vegetated)
5
2
2
5
Mud (no vegetation)
3
1
1
3
Subtidal
2
1
1
1
Pelagic
4
2
2
2
Chum
Intertidal
Rocky
1
1
1
1
Cobble
2
1
1
1
Gravel
3
2
2
3
Sand (vegetated)
5
3
2
5
Sand (no vegetation)
3
2
2
3
Mud (vegetated)
5
4
2
5
Mud (no vegetation)
3
2
2
3
Subdtidal
2
2
1
1
Pelagic
4
4
2
2
Sockeye
Intertidal
Rocky
2
2
1
1
Cobble
2
1
1
1
Gravel
2
1
1
1
Sand (vegetated)
2
1
1
1
Sand (no vegetation)
2
1
1
1
Mud (vegetated)
2
1
1
1
Mud (no vegetation)
3
1
1
1
Subtidal
1
2
1
1
Pelagic
4
4
2
2
The habitat-types classified under WAC 173-183-400 correlate with the habitats listed in Table 7 as follows:
TABLE. 8. KEY TO TRANSLATINC MARINE/ESTUARINE HABITAT TYPES CLASSIFIED UNDER WAC 173-183-410 TO SALMON VULNERABILITY HABITATS
MARINE/ESTUARINE HABITAT TYPE from WAC 173-183-410 (3) EQUIVALENT SALMON VULNERABILITY HABITAT Marine Intertidal, exposed and semiexposed rocky shores Intertidal, rocky Marine Intertidal, sand-scoured rocky shores Intertidal, rocky Marine Intertidal, protected rocky shores Intertidal, rocky Estuarine Intertidal, open rocky shores Intertidal, rocky Marine Intertidal, semiexposed cobble and mixed-course beaches Intertidal, cobble Estuarine Intertidal, open mixed-course beaches Intertidal, cobble Marine Intertidal, semiexposed gravel beaches Intertidal, gravel Estuarine Intertidal, open gravel beaches Intertidal, gravel Marine Intertidal, exposed sandy beaches Intertidal, sand (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill) Marine Intertidal, semiprotected mixed-fine beaches Intertidal, sand (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill) Estuarine Intertidal, open sandy beaches Intertidal, sand (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill) Estuarine Intertidal, sandy low marshes Intertidal, sand (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill) Estuarine Intertidal, mixed-fine beaches and low marshes Intertidal, sand (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill) Marine Intertidal, protected mud flats Intertidal, mud (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill) Estuarine Intertidal, mud flats Intertidal, mud (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill) all Marine and Estuarine Subtidal categories except open water Subtidal Marine Subtidal, open water Pelagic Estuarine Subtidal, open water Pelagic
MARINE/ESTUARINE HABITAT TYPE from WAC 173-183-410 (3)
EQUIVALENT SALMON VULNERABILITY HABITAT
Marine Intertidal, exposed and semiexposed rocky shores
Intertidal, rocky
Marine Intertidal, sand-scoured rocky shores
Intertidal, rocky
Marine Intertidal, protected rocky shores
Intertidal, rocky
Estuarine Intertidal, open rocky shores
Intertidal, rocky
Marine Intertidal, semiexposed cobble and mixed-course beaches
Intertidal, cobble
Estuarine Intertidal, open mixed-course beaches
Intertidal, cobble
Marine Intertidal, semiexposed gravel beaches
Intertidal, gravel
Estuarine Intertidal, open gravel beaches
Intertidal, gravel
Marine Intertidal, exposed sandy beaches
Intertidal, sand (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill)
Marine Intertidal, semiprotected mixed-fine beaches
Intertidal, sand (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill)
Estuarine Intertidal, open sandy beaches
Intertidal, sand (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill)
Estuarine Intertidal, sandy low marshes
Intertidal, sand (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill)
Estuarine Intertidal, mixed-fine beaches and low marshes
Intertidal, sand (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill)
Marine Intertidal, protected mud flats
Intertidal, mud (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill)
Estuarine Intertidal, mud flats
Intertidal, mud (presence of vegetation will be determined at the time of the spill)
all Marine and Estuarine Subtidal categories except open water
Subtidal
Marine Subtidal, open water
Pelagic
Estuarine Subtidal, open water
Pelagic
(3) For each oil spill where the compensation schedule is applied, the RDA committee shall determine the following:
(a) For spills greater than 1,000 gallons, the salmon vulnerability habitat(s) exposed to spilled oil and each habitat's percent-coverage of the total area exposed to spilled oil;
(b) For spills of less than 1,000 gallons, the salmon vulnerability habitat(s) in the subregion(s) exposed to spilled oil and the percent-coverage of these habitats in the exposed subregion(s);
(c) The season in which spill impacts will be greatest;
(d) The individual species/year class vulnerability score (SAVSi) as described in subsection (4) of this section; and
(e) The composite salmon vulnerability score for a spill (SAVSs) as described in subsection (5) of this section.
(4) From the information enumerated in subsection (2) of this section, the RDA committee shall determine the species/year class vulnerability score for a spill (SAVSi) by summing the weighted species/year class vulnerability scores for each of the salmon vulnerability habitats classified in Table 8 of subsection (2) of this section, where weighting is defined as percent-coverage of the salmon vulnerability habitats as determined in subsection (3) of this section, as follows:
SAVS i = (savs 1 * PCT-COV 1 ) + (savs 2 * PCT-COV 2 ) + …+ (savs n * PCT-COV n ) where SAVS i = salmon vulnerability score for a species/year class; savs j = species/year class habitat vulnerability score for the season of greatest spill impact from subsection (2) of this section; PCT-COV j = percent-coverage of habitat j from subsection (2) of this section; i = Chinook, subyearling (Cs); Chinook, yearling (Cy); Coho (C); Pink (P); Chum (Ch); and Sockeye (So); and n = the number of salmon vulnerabililty habitats used to calculate SAVS as determined in subsection (3) of this section.
SAVS i = (savs 1 * PCT-COV 1 ) +
(savs 2 * PCT-COV 2 ) + …+ (savs n * PCT-COV n )
where
SAVS i = salmon vulnerability score for a species/year class;
savs j = species/year class habitat vulnerability score for the season of greatest spill impact from subsection (2) of this section;
PCT-COV j = percent-coverage of habitat j from subsection (2) of this section;
i = Chinook, subyearling (Cs); Chinook, yearling (Cy); Coho (C); Pink (P); Chum (Ch); and Sockeye (So); and
n = the number of salmon vulnerabililty habitats used to calculate SAVS as determined in subsection (3) of this section.
(5) The raw salmon vulnerability score for a spill (SAVS s ) shall be calculated as follows:
(a) In years when pink salmon are present in state waters. The chinook salmon spill vulnerability scores for subyearlings (SAVS Cs ) and yearlings (SAVS Cy ) as determined in subsection (4) of this section shall be averaged, then added to the spill vulnerability scores for coho (SAVS C ), pink (SAVS P ), chum (SAVS Ch ) and sockeye (SAVS So ) salmon as determined in subsection (4) of this section. The sum of these scores shall then be divided by 5, as described by the following formula:
SAVS s = [(SAVS Cs + SAVS Cy )/2 + SAVS C + SAVS P + SAVS Ch + SAVS So ]/5 where SAVS s = salmon vulnerability score for a spill; SAVS Cs = chinook, subyearling vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section; SAVS Cy = chinook (yearling) vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section; SAVS C = coho salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section; SAVS P = pink salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section; SAVS C = chum salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section; SAVS So = sockeye salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
SAVS s = [(SAVS Cs + SAVS Cy )/2 + SAVS C + SAVS P + SAVS Ch + SAVS So ]/5
where
SAVS s = salmon vulnerability score for a spill;
SAVS Cs = chinook, subyearling vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
SAVS Cy = chinook (yearling) vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
SAVS C = coho salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
SAVS P = pink salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
SAVS C = chum salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
SAVS So = sockeye salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
(b) In years when pink salmon are not present in state waters. The chinook salmon spill vulnerability scores for subyearlings (SAVS Cs ) and yearlings (SAVS Cy ) as determined in subsection (4) of this section shall be averaged, then added to the spill vulnerability scores for coho (SAVS C ), chum (SAVS Ch ) and sockeye (SAVS So ) salmon as determined in subsection (4) of this section. The sum of these scores shall then be divided by 4, as described by the following formula:
SAVS s = [(SAVS Cs + SAVS Cy )/2 + SAVS C + SAVS Ch + SAVS So ]/4 where SAVS s = salmon vulnerability score for a spill; SAVS Cs = chinook, subyearling vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section; SAVS Cy = chinook (yearling) vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section; SAVS C = coho salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section; SAVS P = pink salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section; SAVS C = chum salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section; SAVS So = sockeye salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
SAVS s = [(SAVS Cs + SAVS Cy )/2 + SAVS C +
SAVS Ch + SAVS So ]/4
where
SAVS s = salmon vulnerability score for a spill;
SAVS Cs = chinook, subyearling vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
SAVS Cy = chinook (yearling) vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
SAVS C = coho salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
SAVS P = pink salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
SAVS C = chum salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
SAVS So = sockeye salmon vulnerability score from subsection (4) of this section;
(6) If spilled oil enters a river mouth, SAVS i from subsection (4) of this section shall be assigned a score of 5 for each species/year class in peak occurrence in a river mouth during the period of time the spilled oil enters and remains in the river mouth. Scores of 5 determined for species/year classes under this subsection shall supersede SAVS i scores calculated under subsection (4) of this section. The RDA committee shall make determinations of whether oil enters a river mouth and whether species/year classes are in peak occurrence when spilled oil is present in a river mouth.
(7) The final SAVS s score is found by rounding the raw SAVS s score calculated in subsection (5) of this section to the nearest 0.01 as follows: Decimals less than 0.005 shall be rounded down and decimals equal to or greater than 0.005 shall be rounded up.
(8) The final salmon vulnerability score for a spill shall be multiplied by 1.5 when any number of individuals of state or federal threatened or endangered salmon races and/or runs are exposed to spilled oil.