Fossil-fuel-fired steam generators for which construction is commenced after August 17, 1971

Fossil-fuel-fired steam generators for which construction is commenced after August 17, 1971. (1) Applicability and designation of affected facility. (a) The affected facilities to which the provisions of this section apply are: 1. Each fossil-fuel-fired steam generating unit of more than 73 megawatts heat input rate (250 million Btu per hour). 2. Each fossil-fuel and wood-residue-fired steam generating unit capable of firing fossil fuel at a heat input rate of more than 73 megawatts (250 million Btu per hour). (b) Any change to an existing fossil-fuel-fired steam generating unit to accommodate the use of combustible materials other than fossil fuels as defined in this section does not bring that unit under the applicability of this section. (c) Except as provided in par. (d) , any facility under par. (a) that commenced construction or modification after August 17, 1971, is subject to the requirements of this section. (d) The requirements of subs. (5) (a) 4. and 5. , (b) and (d) , and (6) (f) 4. f. are applicable to lignite-fired steam generating units that commenced construction or modification after December 22, 1976. (e) Any facility covered under s. NR 440.20 is not covered under this section. (2) Definitions. As used in this section, terms not defined in this subsection have the meanings given in s. NR 440.02 . (a) “Coal” means all solid fuels classified as anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, or lignite by ASTM D388-99 (reapproved 2004), incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 12. (b) “Coal refuse” means waste-products of coal mining, cleaning and coal preparation operations (e.g. culm, gob, etc.) containing coal, matrix material, clay and other organic and inorganic material. (c) “Fossil fuel” means natural gas, petroleum, coal and any form of solid, liquid or gaseous fuel derived from such materials for the purpose of creating useful heat. (d) “Fossil-fuel and wood-residue-fired steam generating unit” means a furnace or boiler used in the process of burning fossil fuel and wood residue for the purpose of producing steam by heat transfer. (e) “Fossil-fuel-fired steam generating unit” means a furnace or boiler used in the process of burning fossil fuel for the purpose of producing steam by heat transfer. (f) “Wood residue” means bark, sawdust, slabs, chips, shavings, mill trim and other wood products derived from wood processing and forest management operations. (3) Standard for particulate matter. (a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by s. NR 440.08 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility any gases which: 1. Contain particulate matter in excess of 43 nanograms per joule heat input (0.10 lb per million Btu) derived from fossil fuel or fossil fuel and wood residue. 2. Exhibit greater than 20% opacity except for one 6-minute period per hour of not more than 27% opacity. (4) Standard for sulfur dioxide. (a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by s. NR 440.08 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility any gases which contain sulfur dioxide in excess of: 1. 340 nanograms per joule heat input (0.80 lb per million Btu) derived from liquid fossil fuel or liquid fossil fuel and wood residue. 2. 520 nanograms per joule heat input (1.2 lb per million Btu) derived from solid fossil fuel or solid fossil fuel and wood residue. (b) When different fossil fuels are burned simultaneously in any combination, the applicable standard (in ng/J) shall be determined by proration using the following formula: (c) Compliance shall be based on the total heat input from all fossil fuels burned, including gaseous fuels. (5) Standard for nitrogen oxides. (a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by s. NR 440.08 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility any gases which contain nitrogen oxides, expressed as NO 2 in excess of: 1. 86 nanograms per joule heat input (0.20 lb per million Btu) derived from gaseous fossil fuel. 2. 129 nanograms per joule heat input (0.30 lb per million Btu) derived from liquid fossil fuel, liquid fossil fuel and wood residue, or gaseous fossil fuel and wood residue. 3. 300 nanograms per joule heat input (0.70 lb per million Btu) derived from solid fossil fuel or solid fossil fuel and wood residue (except lignite or a solid fuel containing 25%, by weight, or more of coal refuse). 4. 260 nanograms per joule heat input (0.60 lb per million Btu) derived from lignite or lignite and wood residue, except as provided under subd. 5. 5. 340 nanograms per joule heat input (0.80 lb per million Btu) derived from lignite which is mined in North Dakota, South Dakota or Montana and which is burned in a cyclone-fired unit. (b) Except as provided under pars. (c) and (d) , when different fossil fuels are burned simultaneously in any combination, the applicable standard (in ng/J) is determined by proration using the following formula: (c) When a fossil fuel containing at least 25%, by weight, of coal refuse is burned in combination with gaseous, liquid or other solid fossil fuel or wood residue, the standard for nitrogen oxides does not apply. (d) Cyclone-fired units which burn fuels containing at least 25% of lignite that is mined in North Dakota, South Dakota or Montana remain subject to par. (a) 5. regardless of the types of fuel combusted in combination with that lignite. (6) Emission and fuel monitoring. (a) Each owner or operator shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate continuous monitoring systems for measuring the opacity of emissions, sulfur dioxide emissions, nitrogen oxides emissions, and either oxygen or carbon dioxide except as provided in par. (b) . (b) Certain of the continuous monitoring system requirements under par. (a) do not apply to owners or operators under the following conditions: 1. For a fossil-fuel-fired steam generator that burns only gaseous fossil fuel, continuous monitoring systems for measuring the opacity of emissions and sulfur dioxide emissions are not required. 2. For a fossil-fuel-fired steam generator that does not use a flue gas desulfurization device, a continuous monitoring system for measuring sulfur dioxide emissions is not required if the owner or operator monitors sulfur dioxide emissions by fuel sampling and analysis. 3. Notwithstanding s. NR 440.13 (2) , installation of a continuous monitoring system for nitrogen oxides may be delayed until after the initial performance tests under s. NR 440.08 have been conducted. If the owner or operator demonstrates during the performance test that emissions of nitrogen oxides are less than 70% of the applicable standards in sub. (5) , a continuous monitoring system for measuring nitrogen oxides emissions is not required. If the initial performance test results show that nitrogen oxide emissions are greater than 70% of the applicable standard, the owner or operator shall install a continuous monitoring system for nitrogen oxides within one year after the date of the initial performance tests under s. NR 440.08 and comply with all other applicable monitoring requirements under this chapter. 4. If an owner or operator does not install any continuous monitoring systems for sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, as provided under subds. 1. and 3. or subds. 2. and 3. , a continuous monitoring system for measuring either oxygen or carbon dioxide is not required. (c) For performance evaluations under s. NR 440.13 (3) and calibration checks under s. NR 440.13 (4) , the following procedures shall be used: 1. Methods 6, 7 and 3B of 40 CFR part 60 , Appendix A, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 , as applicable, shall be used for the performance evaluations of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides continuous monitoring systems. Acceptable alternative methods for Methods 6, 7 and 3B are given in sub. (7) (d) . 2. Sulfur dioxide or nitric oxide, as applicable, shall be used for preparing calibration gas mixtures under Performance Specification 2 of 40 CFR part 60 , Appendix B, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 . 3. For affected facilities burning fossil fuel, the span value for a continuous monitoring system measuring the opacity of emissions shall be 80, 90 or 100% and for a continuous monitoring system measuring sulfur oxides or nitrogen oxides the span value shall be determined as follows: