nuclear non-proliferation policy in south asia

nuclear non-proliferation policy in south asia Sec. 584. (a) The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended by inserting the following new section: “SEC. 620F. NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION POLICY IN SOUTH ASIA. “(a) Findings.—The Congress finds that— “(1) the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction remains one of the most serious threats to international peace and stability; “(2) South Asia, in particular, is an area where the threat of a regional nuclear exchange remains high due to continued IndoPakistani tensions over issues such as Kashmir; “(3) to date, United States efforts to halt proliferation in South Asia have failed; “(4) although global disarmament is a desirable goal which should be vigorously pursued, both regional and sub-regional security arrangements can serve to decrease tensions and promote non-proliferation in certain areas; “(5) thus far, there has been some success on a regional basis, such as the South Pacific Nuclear Weapons Free Zone and the Treaty of Tlatelolco in Latin America; “(6) in particular, in Latin America, the Treaty of Tlatelolco has been signed by all the nuclear powers; “(7) a critical part of this treaty is Protocol II which prohibits nuclear attacks by nuclear weapons states on signatories to the treaty; “(8) in 1991, a proposal was made for a regional conference on non-proliferation in South Asia which would include Pakistan, India, the People’s Republic of China, the Soviet Union, and the United States; and “(9) thus far, Pakistan, China, Russia, and the United States have expressed interest in attending such a conference, whereas India has refused to attend. “(b) Policy.—It is the sense of the Congress that the President should pursue a policy which seeks a regional negotiated solution to the issue of nuclear non-proliferation in South Asia at the earliest possible time, including a protocol to be signed by all nuclear weapons states, prohibiting nuclear attacks by nuclear weapons states on countries in the region. Such a policy should have as its ultimate goal concurrent accession by Pakistan and India to the Nuclear NonProliferation Treaty, and should also include as needed a phased approach to that goal through a series of agreements among the parties on nuclear issues, such as the agreement reached by Pakistan and India not to attack one another’s nuclear facilities. “(c) Report on Progress Toward Regional Non-Proliferation.—Not later than April 1, 1993, and every six months there-after, the President shall submit a report to the Committees on Appropriations, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, on nuclear proliferation in South Asia, including efforts taken by the United States to achieve a regional agreement on nuclear non-proliferation, and including a comprehensive list of the obstacles to concluding such a regional agreement.”. (b) Report on South Asian Nuclear Programs—Not later than six months after the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit a report with respect to the People’s Republic of 106 STAT. 1689China, Pakistan, and India in writing to the Committees on Appropriations, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, on those country’s nuclear and ballistic missile programs, including, but not limited to— (1) a determination as to whether that country possesses a nuclear explosive device or whether it possesses all the components necessary for the assembly of such a device; (2) a complete report on the status of that country’s missile development program, foreign assistance to that program, and foreign sales of missiles or missile components to that country and steps which the United States has taken in response to such sales; and (3) a report on whether that country has agreed to fully adhere, and is adhering, to all peaceful nuclear cooperation agreements with the United States and has formally agreed to place all United States-supplied nuclear materials under international safeguards in perpetuity.