106 CMR 703.193
EAEDC Vocational Factors
(A) Basic Work Activity.
(1) If the Department’s agent determines that an applicant or client does not have an
impairment or combination of impairments that either meets or is equivalent to a medical
standard specified in 106 CMR 703.192, or an impairment that is included in the SSI Listing
of Impairments as specified in 106 CMR 703.191(A)(1)(b), the agent shall determine if the
applicant or client has an anatomical, physiological, or psychological (or combination
thereof) impairment(s) that:
(a) is documented by medically acceptable clinical and/or laboratory diagnostic
techniques;
(b) is expected to last for at least 30 days; and
(c) has more than a nominal effect on the applicant’s or client’s physical and/or mental
capacity to perform on a sustained basis one or more basic work activities.
(2) If the applicant or client has an impairment, or combination of impairments, that meets
the requirements of 106 CMR 703.193(A)(1) and the impairment is a physical impairment,
as defined in 106 CMR 703.193(B)(5), the Department’s agent shall use the vocational
factors specified in 106 CMR 703.193(C) to determine if the applicant or client has an
impairment or combination of impairments that substantially reduces or eliminates the
applicant’s or client’s ability to support himself or herself for purposes of 106 CMR
703.191(A). If the impairment is a mental impairment as defined in 106 CMR
703.193(B)(4), the agent shall use the vocational factors specified in 106 CMR 703.193(D)
to determine if the applicant or client has an impairment or combination of impairments that
substantially reduces or eliminates the applicant’s or client’s ability to support himself or
herself for purposes of 106 CMR 703.191(A).
(3) If an applicant or client does not have an impairment, or combination of impairments,
that meets the requirements of 106 CMR 703.193(A)(1), the applicant or client shall not be
considered as having an impairment or combination of impairments that substantially reduces
or eliminates the applicant’s or client’s ability to support himself or herself for purposes of
106 CMR 703.191(A).
(4) If the applicant or client has more than one impairment, the Department’s agent shall
determine if the impairments in combination with each other satisfy the requirements of
106 CMR 703.193(A)(1).
(5) For purposes of 106 CMR 703.193(A)(1), basic work activities mean those activities
that are required to do most jobs. Basic work activities include walking, standing, sitting,
lifting, pushing, pulling, reaching, seeing, hearing, speaking, understanding, carrying out and
remembering simple instructions, use of judgment, responding appropriately to supervision
and coworkers, and dealing with changes in a routine work setting.
(B) Definitions. The following definitions shall apply to 106 CMR 703.193.
(1) Direct entry means a person has the education and/or vocational training or past work
experience to enter a job without further formal training beyond basic orientation.
(2) Education means formal schooling, other training, and/or work experience which
contributes to an ability to meet an educational requirement for a job; for example, reasoning
ability, communication skills, and arithmetic ability.
(3) Illiterate means an inability to read and write a simple message such as instructions or
inventory lists even if the individual can sign his or her own name.
(4) Mental Impairment means a psychological impairment documented by medically
acceptable clinical and/or laboratory diagnostic techniques.
(5) Physical Impairment means an anatomical or physiological impairment or combination
of anatomical and/or physiological impairments documented by medically acceptable clinical
and/or laboratory diagnostic techniques.
(6) Previous Work Experience means work experience which occurred within the past five
years.
(7) Sedentary Work means work activity that may involve occasional lifting, but no more
than ten pounds at a time, (i.e., carrying articles like docket files, ledgers and small tools) and
frequently (from a to b of the time) may require an individual to exert a negligible amount
of force by lifting, carrying, pushing, pulling or otherwise moving objects.
Sedentary work involves walking and/or standing a minimum of two hours per day and
sitting up to six hours per day with normal breaks.
(8) Semi-skilled means work requiring some skills but does not require doing more
complex job duties; may require alertness and attention to watching machine processes;
inspecting, testing or looking for irregularities; tending or guarding equipment, property or
persons; requiring dexterity and coordination.
(9) Skilled means work requiring judgment to determine the machine and manual
operations to be performed in order to obtain the proper form, quality or quantity of material
to be produced; may require laying out work, estimating quality, determining suitability and
quantity of materials; making precise measurements; dealing with people, facts or figures or
abstract ideas at a high level of complexity.
(10) Transferable Skills means skilled or semi-skilled work activities that were done in past
work and can be used to meet the requirements of skilled or semi-skilled work activities of
other jobs or kinds of work.
(11) Unable to Communicate in English means the inability to understand English and give
simple oral or written instructions in English.
(12) Unskilled means work requiring little or no judgment to do simple duties that can be
learned by rote or by demonstration on the job in a short period of time; it may or may not
require considerable strength; a person can usually learn to do the job in 30 days and little
specific vocational preparation and judgment are needed.
(C) Physical Impairment.
(1) An applicant or client who has a physical impairment as defined in 106 CMR
703.193(B)(5) that meets the requirements of 106 CMR 703.193(A)(1) shall be considered
as having an impairment or combination of impairments that substantially reduces or
eliminates the applicant’s or client’s ability to support himself or herself for purposes of
106 CMR 703.191(A), if:
(a) he or she cannot do the full range of sedentary work;
(b) he or she can do the full range of sedentary work but not more and is determined
disabled under 106 CMR 703.193(C)(4); or
(c) he or she can do more than the full range of sedentary work and is determined
disabled under 106 CMR 703.193(C)(6).
(2) If an applicant or client has both a physical and a mental impairment, the Department’s
agent shall first determine if based on the applicant’s or client’s physical impairment alone
he or she has an impairment that substantially reduces or eliminates the applicant’s or client’s
ability to support himself or herself pursuant to 106 CMR 703.193(C). If the applicant or
client is determined not to have such a physical impairment, the agent shall proceed to make
the determination required by 106 CMR 703.193(D) for mental impairments.
(3) The determination of whether or not an applicant or client can do the full range of
sedentary work or more will be made solely on the applicant’s or client’s functional capacity.
In determining an applicant’s or client’s functional capacity, the Department’s agent shall
consider if the statements of the competent medical authority (see 106 CMR 701.600:
Definition of Tems) are consistent with the diagnoses, clinical findings and the statements of
the applicant or client, including statements as to symptoms as set forth in 106 CMR
703.192(O).
(4) If an applicant or client can do the full range of sedentary work but not more, the grid
specified in 106 CMR 703.193(C)(5) shall be used in determining if an applicant or client
is or is not disabled for purposes of 106 CMR 703.191(A).
(5) Grid.
Age
Education
Previous Work Experience
Decision
55 or older
Illiterate or unable to communicate in
English
Unskilled or none
Disabled
55 or older
Less than 12 grade - at least literate
Unskilled or none
Disabled
th
55 or older
Less than 12 grade
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
th
not transferable
Disabled
55 or older
Less than 12 grade
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
th
transferable
Not Disabled
55 or older
High school graduate or more - does not
provide for direct entry into skilled work
Unskilled or none
Disabled
55 or older
High school graduate or more - provided
for direct entry into skilled work
Unskilled or none
Not Disabled
55 or older
High school graduate or more - does not
provide for direct entry into skilled work
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
not transferable
Disabled
55 or older
High school graduate or more - does not
provide for direct entry into skilled work
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
not transferable
Not Disabled
50 - 54
Illiterate or unable to communicate in
English
Unskilled or none
Disabled
50 - 54
Less than 12 grade - at least literate
Unskilled or none
Disabled
th
50 - 54
Less than 12 grade
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
th
not transferable
Disabled
50 - 54
Less than 12 grade
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
th
transferable
Not Disabled
50 - 54
High school graduate or more - does not
provide for direct entry into skilled work
Unskilled or none
Disabled
50 - 54
High school graduate or more - provided
for direct entry into skilled work
Unskilled or none
Not Disabled
50 - 54
High school graduate or more - does not
provide for direct entry into skilled work
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
not transferable
Disabled
50 - 54
High school graduate or more - does not
provide for direct entry into skilled work
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
not transferable
Not Disabled
Younger
Individual
Age 45-49
Illiterate or unable to communicate in
English
Unskilled or none
Disabled
Age 45- 49
Less than 12 grade - at least literate
Unskilled or none
Not Disabled
th
Age 45- 49
Less than 12 grade
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
th
not transferable
Not Disabled
Age 45- 49
Less than 12 grade
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
th
transferable
Not Disabled
Age 45- 49
High school graduate or more
Unskilled or none
Not Disabled
Age 45- 49
High school graduate or more
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
not transferable
Not Disabled
Age 45- 49
High school graduate or more
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
not transferable
Not Disabled
Younger
Individual
Age 18 - 44
Illiterate or unable to communicate in
English
Unskilled or none
Not Disabled
Age 18 - 44
Less than 12 grade - at least literate
Unskilled or none
Not Disabled
th
Age 18 - 44
Less than 12 grade
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
th
not transferable
Not Disabled
Age 18 - 44
Less than 12 grade
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
th
not transferable
Not Disabled
Age 18 - 44
High school graduate or more
Unskilled or none
Not Disabled
Age 18 - 44
High school graduate or more
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
not transferable
Not Disabled
Age 18 - 44
High school graduate or more
Skilled or semiskilled - skills
not transferable
Not Disabled
(6) If an applicant or client can do more than the full range of sedentary work, the vocational
factors as set forth in the grid at 106 CMR 703.193(C)(5) shall be applied to the applicant or
client. If under the grid, the applicant or client is determined to be “not disabled,” the
applicant or client shall not be considered disabled for purposes of 106 CMR 703.191(A).
In all other cases, the Department’s agent shall do a further review, based on the
applicant’s or client’s functional capacity and the factors set forth in this section, to determine
if there is a significant amount of full-time work in the northeast regional economy that the
applicant or client could do. If a significant amount of such full-time work does not exist, the
applicant or client shall be considered disabled for purposes of 106 CMR 703.191(A). The
vocational factors that are to be considered in this further review are as follows:
(a) Physical Activity.
1. the kinds and amount of physical activity the applicant or client can perform with
his or her impairment(s) on a regular and sustained basis;
2. whether such physical activity is consistent with the applicant’s or client’s
physical impairment(s);
3 the kinds and amount of non-exertional limitations on the applicant’s or client’s
physical activity, including, but not limited to, vision, hearing, speaking, posture,
reaching and feeling; and
4 the possible effects, if any, the applicant’s or client’s medications may have on his
or her work capacity.
(b) Age. The extent to which the applicant’s or client’s age may affect his or her ability
to adjust to changes in work routine or work environment.
(c) Education/Vocational Skills.
1 the years of formal education, if any, that the applicant or client has completed;
2. training and past work experience of the applicant or client;
3. whether the applicant or client has transferable skills;
4. if the applicant or client is literate and able to communicate in English; and
5. the period of time that has lapsed between the applicant’s or recipient client’s
education, training or past work experience and the beginning of his or her
impairments.
(d) Work in the Regional Economy.
1. For purposes of determining the amount of full-time work that exists in the
northeast regional economy of the United States within the range of work
("sedentary". "light". "medium". "heavy" and "very heavy" as those terms are defined
in the Dictionary of Occupational Titles) that the applicant or client can perform, the
Department’s agent may rely on the Dictionary of Occupational Titles, Occupational
Outlook Handbook and Labor Market Surveys.
2. A significant amount of such work exists in the north-east regional economy if
there is a significant number of full-time jobs in one or more occupations that the
applicant or client could do with his or her functional capacity and vocational
qualifications. It is not necessary for such work to exist in the immediate area where
the applicant or client lives; for job vacancies to exist; or for the applicant or client
to be hired if he or she applied for such work.
(D) Mental Impairment. For an applicant or client who has a mental impairment as defined in
106 CMR 703.193(B)(4), including the combination of mental and physical impairments, the
Department’s agent shall consider in combination with the applicant's or client's functional
capacity the factors specified in 106 CMR 703.193(C)(6) and the following factors in determining
whether there is a significant amount of full-time work in the northeast regional economy that the
applicant or client could do. If a significant amount of such full-time work does not exist, the
applicant or client shall be considered disabled for purposes of 106 CMR 703.191(A). The
factors are:
(1) whether there is any impairment to memory, concentration, pace and persistence, social
functioning, independence, and anhedonia;
(2) whether the applicant's or client's medication may have side effects that may limit those
abilities specified in 106 CMR 703.193(D)(1);
(3) the applicant's or client's ability to:
(a) understand, remember and carry out simple instructions;
(b) make simple work-related decisions;
(c) accept supervision and to ask questions or request assistance;
(d) complete tasks in a timely manner; and
(e) adjust to changes in work routine or work environment; and
(4) the applicant's or client’s past work experience.