HAR §4-41-32. Standards for Hawaii-grown burdock

(a) As used in this section: "Badly misshapen" means the root is so crooked or otherwise misshapen as to seriously affect the appearance of the root or to cause a loss of more than ten per cent of the total weight of the burdock root, including the peel covering the defective area, in the ordinary preparation for use; or the root is forked at a point within twelve inches of the crown; or the root is materially smaller below the point where one branch of a fork has been cut off. "Clean" means practically free from dirt or any foreign material, or not more than materially stained. "Damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the burdock roots: (1) Dirt, when the general appearance of the lot is more than slightly dirty or stained, or when individual roots are badly stained or caked with dirt, or when other foreign matter materially affects the appearance of the roots; (2) Growth cracks, when the appearance of the roots is materially affected; or (3) Pithiness, when the center of the root four inches below the crown is more than slightly pithy, or any air space present is more than 1/32 inch in cross section. "Diameter" means the greatest dimension of the root taken at right angles to the longitudinal axis, exclusive of secondary roots and of that portion of the root within one inch of the crown. "Fairly smooth" means the root is not so ridged, pebbled, or rough as to seriously affect the appearance of the individual root or to cause a loss of more than ten per cent of the total weight of the root, including the peel covering the defective area, in the ordinary preparation for use. "Fairly well formed" means the root is fairly §4-41- 41-39 straight and not forked, constricted, bent sharply, or otherwise irregular in shape. Secondary roots may be cut off if the appearance of the whole root is not materially affected, provided the presence of the secondary roots has not caused the root to be crooked or noticeably smaller in size below the point where the secondary root was cut off. Roots are not considered fairly well formed when the two axes of those portions of the root located at the two ends of a curve or bend form an angle that is less than one hundred sixty-five degrees. "Firm" means the burdock root is not soft, flabby, or shriveled. "Length" means the total length of the root, measured from the crown to the tip of the root. "Serious damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the burdock roots: (1) Dirt, when the general appearance of the lot is seriously affected by the presence of caked dirt on the roots, or the presence of other foreign matter seriously affects the appearance of the roots; or (2) Growth cracks, when the appearance of the roots is seriously affected. "Similar varietal characteristics" means the burdock roots in any lot are of the same general shape and character of growth. "Smooth" means the burdock root is free from ridges, pebbling, and other distinctly uneven surfaces. "Tender" means the root tissues are free from woodiness and tough fibers. "Well trimmed" means the top is trimmed back to not more than one inch in length and no part of the upper portion of the root has been cut off. (b) Hawaii No. 1 (Hawaii Grade A) burdock consists of Hawaii-grown burdock roots of similar varietal characteristics which are clean for Hawaii Grade A and free from damage caused by dirt for Hawaii No. 1, firm, well trimmed, fairly well formed, smooth, and tender; and which are free from soft rot and from damage caused by cuts, bruises, growth cracks, internal discoloration, pithiness, secondary rootlets, disease, nematodes, insects, or mechanical or other means. The individual root shall be not more than one inch in §4-41- 41-40 diameter, but not less than five-eighths inch in diameter over nine inches of its length, and not less than eighteen inches in length. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than ten per cent of the roots in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for roots which are seriously damaged by any cause, including not more than one per cent affected by soft rot; and (2) For off-size, not more than ten per cent of the roots in any lot may fail to meet the minimum and maximum diameter requirements or the minimum length requirement. (c) Hawaii No. 2 (Hawaii Grade B) burdock consists of Hawaii-grown burdock roots of similar varietal characteristics which are clean for Hawaii Grade B and free from damage caused by dirt for Hawaii No. 2, firm, well trimmed, fairly well formed, smooth, and tender; and which are free from soft rot and from damage caused by cuts, bruises, growth cracks, internal discoloration, pithiness, secondary rootlets, disease, nematodes, insects, or mechanical or other means. The individual root shall be not less than three-eighths inch in diameter and not less than fifteen inches in length. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than ten per cent of the roots in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for roots which are seriously damaged by any cause, including not more than one per cent affected by soft rot; and (2) For off-size, not more than ten per cent of the roots in any lot may fail to meet the minimum diameter or minimum length requirement. (d) Hawaii Utility burdock consists of Hawaii- grown burdock roots of similar varietal characteristics which are firm, well trimmed, not badly misshapen, fairly smooth, and not tough or woody; and which are §4-41- 41-41 free from soft rot and from serious damage caused by cuts, bruises, dirt, internal discoloration, pithiness, secondary rootlets, growth cracks, disease, nematodes, insects, or mechanical or other means. The individual root shall be one inch or larger in diameter and fifteen inches or longer in length. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than ten per cent of the roots in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one per cent is affected by soft rot; and (2) For off-size, not more than ten per cent of the roots in any lot may fail to meet the minimum diameter or minimum length requirement. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §147-4) (Imp:HRS §147-4) §4-41-33 Standards for Hawaii-grown Chinese cabbage. (a) As used in this section: "Chinese cabbage" means the type of Chinese cabbage which normally forms a head. "Clean" means practically free from dirt or other foreign material. "Damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the Chinese cabbage: (1) Aphids, when more than a few aphids are present; (2) Black leaf speck, when midribs are badly spotted, or other portions of leaves are materially spotted; (3) Discoloration or spotting, when more than two midribs show material internal discoloration, or wrapper leaves are materially spotted or discolored, or head leaves are more than slightly spotted or discolored by defects other than black leaf specks; (4) Slugs, when more than one slug is present; (5) Sucker, when over one-half inch long or materially affecting appearance; §4-41- 41-42 (6) Wilting, when wrapper leaves are badly wilted, or head leaves are more than slightly wilted; (7) Worms, when more than one worm present, or one worm present and the cabbage is more than slightly injured by worms or other insects; or (8) Wormholes, when noticeably affecting appearance or extending deeply into the head. "Excessively trimmed" means the outer head leaves or outer leaves have been removed to such an extent as to expose the tender inner head leaves or the tender inner leaves. "Fairly clean" means the Chinese cabbage may show a small amount of dirt or sand, but is not smeared or caked with mud or its appearance materially affected by the presence of any foreign material. "Fairly firm" means the head is fairly compact and when moderate pressure is applied, yields not more than slightly over at least one-fourth of the length of the head and not more than moderately over at least two-thirds of the length of the head, exclusive of wrapper leaves. "Fairly well formed" means the Chinese cabbage does not vary materially from the normal upright type of growth. "Fairly well trimmed" means the stem is neatly cut off at a point not more than one-half inch beyond the point of attachment of the outer leaves and the wrapper leaves are reasonably upright, not coarse, and not excessive in number. Ends of wrapper leaves and head leaves may be removed or cut off, provided the appearance of the Chinese cabbage is not seriously affected. "Firm" means the head is compact and when moderate pressure is applied, does not yield more than slightly over at least two-thirds of the length of the head, exclusive of wrapper leaves. "Flat midribs" means the width of the midrib at the point of maximum width is at least four times the maximum thickness. "Head leaves" means those leaves which curve inward at the top to form a head. "Injury" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which appreciably detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the Chinese cabbage: §4-41- 41-43 (1) Aphids, when more than an occasional isolated aphid is present; (2) Black leaf speck, when midribs and other portions of leaves are more than slightly spotted; (3) Discoloration or spotting, when more than one midrib shows material internal discoloration, or wrapper leaves are more than slightly spotted or slightly discolored, or more than a few insignificant spots (other than black leaf specks) are present on head leaves; or (4) Wilting, when wrapper leaves are more than slightly wilted, or head leaves are slightly wilted. "Inner leaves" are those leaves on non-headed plants that approximately correspond to head leaves on headed Chinese cabbage. "Serious damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the Chinese cabbage: (1) Aphids, when fairly numerous or their presence is fairly prominent; (2) Black leaf specks, when seriously affecting the appearance of midribs or other portions of the leaves; (3) Discoloration or spotting, when more than three midribs show material internal discoloration, or wrapper leaves are seriously spotted or discolored, or head leaves are moderately spotted or discolored by defects other than black leaf specks; (4) Seedstem, when apparent upon external examination of the cabbage; (5) Slugs, when more than three slugs are present; (6) Suckers, when over two inches long or seriously affecting appearance; (7) Worms, when more than two worms are present, or two worms are present and the cabbage is damaged by worms or other insects; or (8) Wormholes, when seriously affecting appearance, or more than one wormhole extends deeply into the head. "Similar varietal characteristics" means the §4-41- 41-44 Chinese cabbage in any lot have the same general characteristics as to shape, color, and type of growth. "Well formed" means the Chinese cabbage has the normal upright type of growth. "Well grown" means the plant is not stunted or poorly grown. "Well trimmed" means the stem is neatly cut off at a point not more than one-half inch beyond the point of attachment of the outer leaves, and the ends of the head leaves or, in the case of unheaded plants, the inner leaves have not been removed or cut off. In addition, no wrapper leaves shall be permitted on Chinese cabbages sold direct to consumers, and Chinese cabbages sold in wholesale quantities shall have no more than seven wrapper leaves which shall be upright and not coarse. Ends of wrapper leaves may or may not be cut off, but if cut off the leaf ends shall be neatly cut off. "Wrapper leaves" means those leaves on headed Chinese cabbage which do not curve inward at the top to form the head, or those leaves on non-headed Chinese cabbage which approximately correspond to wrapper leaves on headed Chinese cabbage. (b) Hawaii Fancy (Hawaii Grade AA) Chinese cabbage consists of Hawaii-grown Chinese cabbages of similar varietal characteristics which are firm, well trimmed but not excessively trimmed, clean, well formed, and well grown; which have flat midribs; and which are free from soft rot, seedstem, suckers, slugs, worms, and wormholes and from injury caused by discoloration or spotting, freezing, wilting, black leaf speck or other diseases, aphids or other insects, or mechanical or other means. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than ten per cent of the cabbages in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-fifth of this amount, or two per cent, shall be allowed for cabbages affected by soft rot; and (2) For off-size, not more than ten per cent of the cabbages in any lot may vary from the size specified. (c) Hawaii No. 1 (Hawaii Grade A) Chinese cabbage consists of Hawaii-grown Chinese cabbages of similar varietal characteristics which are fairly firm, well trimmed but not excessively trimmed, clean, well §4-41- 41-45 formed, and well grown; which have flat midribs; and which are free from soft rot and seedstem and from damage caused by discoloration or spotting, freezing, wilting, black leaf speck or other diseases, aphids or other insects, suckers, slugs, worms, wormholes, or mechanical or other means. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than ten per cent of the cabbages in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-fifth of this amount, or two per cent, shall be allowed for cabbages affected by soft rot; and (2) For off-size, not more than ten per cent of the cabbages in any lot may vary from the size specified. (d) Hawaii No. 2 (Hawaii Grade B) Chinese cabbage consists of Hawaii-grown Chinese cabbages of similar varietal characteristics which are fairly well trimmed (except that Hawaii Grade B cabbages shall be well trimmed), fairly clean, fairly well formed, and well grown; which have flat midribs; and which are free from soft rot and from serious damage caused by discoloration or spotting, freezing, black leaf speck or other diseases, aphids or other insects, suckers, slugs, worms, wormholes, seedstem, or mechanical or other means. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than ten per cent of the cabbages in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-fifth of this amount, or two per cent, shall be allowed for cabbages affected by soft rot; and (2) For off-size, not more than ten per cent of the cabbages in any lot may vary from the size specified. (e) The minimum or maximum size or both the minimum and maximum sizes of Chinese cabbage may be specified in connection with the grade (e.g., "Hawaii Fancy, 1 pound minimum" or "Hawaii No. 1, 4 pounds maximum" or "Hawaii No. 2, 2 to 3 pounds"); or any lot may be classified in connection with the grade according to the following size classifications: §4-41- 41-46 (1) Small, when each cabbage weighs less than one and three-fourths pounds; (2) Medium, when each cabbage weighs one and three-fourths to two and three-fourths pounds; (3) Large, when each cabbage weighs two and three-fourths to four pounds; or (4) Extra Large, when each cabbage weighs over four pounds. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §147-4) (Imp: HRS §147-4)