HAR §4-41-34. Standards for Hawaii-grown head cabbage

(a) As used in this section: "Damage" means any defect or combination of defects which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the head cabbage. "Excessively trimmed" means the outer head leaves have been removed, exposing the tender, white inner leaves. "Fairly firm" means the inner structure of the head is fairly compact and the head yields to moderate pressure but is not soft or puffy. "Fairly well shaped" means the head is not excessively elongated or otherwise materially off-shape for the type. "Firm" means the head is closely formed and does not yield readily to pressure. "Good head formation" means the various sections of the head show about the same degree of solidity, as determined from the outside of the head, and the outer head leaves are not short and at least reach to within an inch of the top of the head. "Puffy" means the head is very light in weight in comparison to its size, or has excessive air spaces in its central portion. "Reasonably solid" as applied to pointed type cabbage and domestic type cabbage means at least fairly firm; Danish type cabbage and red cabbage means at least firm; and savoy type cabbage means not soft or puffy (savoy type cabbages are characteristically loosely formed and light in weight). "Seedstem" means the seed stalk is showing or the formation of a seed stalk has plainly begun. "Similar varietal characteristics" means the cabbages in any lot have the same general characteristics as to shape, color, and type of growth. §4-41- 41-47 "Soft rot" means any soft or wet decay. "Well trimmed" means the stem does not extend more than one-half inch beyond the point of attachment of the outer leaves. In addition, head cabbages sold direct to consumers shall have no wrapper leaves and head cabbages sold in wholesale quantities shall have no more than four wrapper leaves. "Wrapper leaves" mean leaves which do not enfold the head fairly tightly more than two-thirds the distance from the base to the top. (b) Hawaii No. 1 (Hawaii Grade A) head cabbage consists of Hawaii-grown head cabbages of similar varietal characteristics which are reasonably solid, well trimmed but not excessively trimmed, and fairly well shaped; which have a good head formation; which are not withered, burst, or puffy; and which are free from soft rot and seedstem and from damage caused by discoloration, freezing, dirt, thrips or other insects, disease, or mechanical or other means. (c) Hawaii No. 2 (Hawaii Grade B) head cabbage consists of Hawaii-grown head cabbages of similar varietal characteristics which are well trimmed but not excessively trimmed, and not withered or burst; and which are free from soft rot and seedstem and from damage caused by discoloration, freezing, dirt, thrips or other insects, disease, or mechanical or other means. (d) Minimum or maximum size of head cabbage in any container or any lot may be specified in connection with the grade, e.g., "Hawaii No. 1, 1 pound minimum" or "Hawaii No. 2, 2 to 4 pounds" or "Hawaii No. 1, 4 pounds maximum"; or any container or any lot may be classified as small, medium, large, small to medium, or medium to large, based on the following size classifications: (1) For pointed and domestic type cabbages, small heads shall weigh under one and one-half pounds, medium heads shall weigh from one and one-half to four pounds, and large heads shall weigh over four pounds; and (2) For Danish type cabbages, small heads shall weigh under two and one-half pounds, medium heads shall weigh from two and one-half to five pounds, and large heads shall weigh over five pounds. (e) In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: §4-41- 41-48 (1) For defects, not more than ten per cent of the heads in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of the grade specified, provided not more than one-fifth of this amount, or two per cent, shall be allowed for heads affected by soft rot; and (2) For off-size, not more than five per cent of the heads in any lot may be below the minimum specified size and not more than five per cent of the heads may be above the maximum specified size. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §147-4) (Imp: HRS §147-4) §4-41-35 Standards for Hawaii-grown non-heading oriental cabbage. (a) As used in this section: "Clean" means practically free from dirt, dust, or other foreign matter. "Damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the cabbage: (1) Cracks, bruises, or tears, when two or more leaves are more than slightly cracked, broken, or bruised at the midrib, or slightly torn; or when any leaf is badly cracked, broken, or bruised at the midrib, or badly torn; or when any midrib crack is more than slightly discolored; or when more than the tip of any leaf is removed or cut off; (2) Cuts, when the leaves are trimmed to the extent that the appearance of the cabbage is materially affected; (3) Discoloration, when the appearance of the cabbage is materially affected by discolored or yellow leaves (cabbages with inner leaves that are slightly discolored or yellow shall be considered as damaged); (4) Seedstem, in pak choy type cabbage, when the seedstem extends above the leaves upon folding of the leaves around the seedstem or when the seedstem is removed or trimmed off, and in kai choy type cabbage, when the flower buds have opened, or when the seedstem extends above the leaves when the latter are folded together around the seedstem, or when §4-41- 41-49 the seedstem is removed or trimmed off; (5) Suckers, when the number or size of suckers materially affects the appearance of the cabbage; or (6) Wilting, when the outermost leaves are badly wilted, or when the inner leaves are more than slightly wilted. "Fairly compact" means the leaves are reasonably close together throughout most of their length. "Fresh" means the cabbages are not more than slightly wilted. "Non-heading oriental cabbage" means a cabbage of the leafy type, such as pak choy and kai choy, which normally does not develop a head. "Serious damage" means any defect or combination of defects which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the cabbage. "Similar varietal characteristics" means the cabbages in any lot have the same general characteristics as to shape, color, and type of growth. "Well developed" means the cabbage shows normal growth and is not stunted or poorly developed. "Well trimmed" means the stem is neatly cut off at a point close to the attachment of the outer leaves and the outer leaves which are coarse, discolored, yellowed, or otherwise damaged have been removed, but not to the extent that the heart or small inner leaves are fully exposed. (b) Hawaii No. l (Hawaii Grade A) non-heading oriental cabbage consists of Hawaii-grown oriental cabbages of similar varietal characteristics which are fresh, clean, well developed, well trimmed, and fairly compact; and which are free from soft rot, slugs, and worms and from damage caused by wormholes, suckers, wilting, seedstems, discoloration, cuts, cracks, bruises, tears, insects, disease, or mechanical or other means. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading and handling, not more than ten per cent of the cabbages in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one- half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for cabbages seriously damaged by any cause, including not more than one per cent for cabbages affected by decay. Percentages shall be calculated on a weight basis; however, when cabbages in any lot are fairly uniform in size, percentages may be calculated on a §4-41- 41-50 count basis. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §147-4) (Imp: HRS §147-4)