HAR §4-41-41. Standards for Hawaii-grown dasheen

(a) As used in this section: "Badly misshapen" means the dasheen is more than slightly constricted, or so curved or elongated as to seriously affect its appearance. "Clean" means the dasheens are practically free from dirt or staining of any kind. "Damage" means any defect or combination of defects which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the dasheen. "Diameter" means the greatest dimension of the dasheen taken at right angles to the longitudinal axis. "Dry" means the dasheens are entirely free from external moisture. "Fairly clean" means the dasheens show only a slight amount of dirt or are only appreciably stained. "Fairly smooth" means the dasheen has no more than seven scars where tubers were attached; no young tubers extend more than three-eighths inch beyond the surface of the dasheen; and there are no other swellings or rough areas. "Fairly well shaped" means the dasheen is fairly symmetrical, fairly well rounded, not constricted, not flat or sunken on either end, and not so curved or elongated for the variety or otherwise misshapen as to materially affect the appearance of the dasheen. "Fairly well trimmed" means the dasheens are practically free from leaf stalks and feeding roots, and loose fibers are not present in excessive amounts. §4-41- 41-65 "Firm" means the dasheen does not yield to heavy pressure of the thumb and shows no evidence of flabbiness. "Free from shriveling" means the dasheen shows no evidence of shriveling. "Serious damage" means any defect or combination of defects which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the dasheen. "Similar varietal characteristics" means the dasheens in any lot shall be of the same color and type. "Slightly dirty" means the dasheens are not caked with dirt or materially stained. "Slightly shriveled" means the dasheen shows only a very small amount of shriveling. "Smooth" means the dasheen has no more than three scars where tubers were attached and such scars are not excessively large; no young tubers extend more than 3/16 inch beyond the surface of the dasheen; and there are no other swellings or slightly rough areas. "Well shaped" means the dasheen is symmetrical, plump, and well rounded for the variety, and well rounded on top. "Well trimmed" means the dasheens are free from leaf stalks and feeding roots and practically free from loose fibers. (b) Hawaii Fancy (Hawaii Grade AA) dasheen consists of Hawaii-grown dasheens of similar varietal characteristics which are dry, well trimmed, smooth, firm, well shaped, and clean; and which are free from sprouts, shriveling, freezing injury, wet breakdown, and soft rot or other decay and from damage caused by cuts, bruises, root scars, disease, or mechanical or other means. Unless otherwise specified, each dasheen shall be one and one-half to two and one-half inches in diameter and weigh not less than one and three-fourths ounces. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than a total of ten per cent of the dasheens in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for dasheens seriously damaged by any cause, including not more than one per cent affected by soft rot §4-41- 41-66 or wet breakdown; and (2) For off-size, not more than ten per cent of the dasheens in any lot may vary from the size specified, provided not more than one- half of this amount, or five per cent, may be below the specified minimum diameter or minimum weight. (c) Hawaii No. 1 (Hawaii Grade A) dasheen consists of Hawaii-grown dasheens of similar varietal characteristics which are dry, well trimmed, smooth, firm, fairly well shaped, and fairly clean; and which are free from sprouts, shriveling, freezing injury, wet breakdown, and soft rot or other decay and from damage caused by cuts, bruises, root scars, disease, or mechanical or other means. Unless otherwise specified, each dasheen shall be one and one-half to two and one- half inches in diameter and weigh not less than one and three-fourths ounces. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than a total of ten per cent of the dasheens in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for dasheens seriously damaged by any cause, including not more than one per cent affected by soft rot or wet breakdown; and (2) For off-size, not more than ten per cent of the dasheens in any lot may vary from the size specified, provided not more than one- half of this amount, or five per cent, may be below the specified minimum diameter or minimum weight. (d) Hawaii No. 2 (Hawaii Grade B) dasheen consists of Hawaii-grown dasheens of similar varietal characteristics which are dry, fairly well trimmed, fairly smooth, firm, not badly misshapen, not more than slightly dirty, and not more than slightly shriveled; and which are free from sprouts, freezing injury, wet breakdown, and soft rot or other decay and from serious damage caused by cuts, bruises, disease, or mechanical or other means. Unless otherwise specified, each dasheen shall be one and one-fourth to three inches in diameter and weigh not less than one ounce. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: §4-41- 41-67 (1) For defects, not more than a total of ten per cent of the dasheens in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-tenth of this amount, or one per cent, shall be allowed for dasheens affected by soft rot or wet breakdown; and (2) For off-size, not more than ten per cent of the dasheens in any lot may vary from the size specified, provided not more than one- half of this amount, or five per cent, may be below the specified minimum diameter or minimum weight. (e) Minimum or maximum size, or both, of the dasheens in any container may be specified in connection with the grade, such as "Hawaii No. 1, 1 inch minimum" or "Hawaii No. 2, 2 to 3 inches"; or the size of dasheens in any container may be specified in connection with the grade according to the following size classifications: (1) Small, when each dasheen measures one and one-fourth to two inches in diameter; (2) Medium, when each dasheen measures one and three-fourths to two and one-half inches in diameter; or (3) Large, when each dasheen measures over two and one-half inches in diameter. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §l47-4) (Imp: HRS §l47-4) §4-4l-42 Standards for Hawaii-grown eggplants. (a) As used in this section: "Badly misshapen" means the eggplant varies decidedly from the normal shape and is seriously deformed. A long type eggplant eight inches in length is badly misshapen when the distance between the inner curvature and a straight line extending from one end of the eggplant to the other, exclusive of the attached stem, exceeds two and one-fourth inches at any one point. Shorter eggplants shall have a proportionately lesser curvature and longer eggplants may have greater curvatures, provided such curvatures do not affect the appearance of the eggplants to a greater extent than the curvature permitted on an eight-inch eggplant. "Bruises" means bruising injuries other than those that are slight and incident to proper packing and handling. §4-41- 41-68 "Clean" means practically free from dirt or other foreign material, and from staining. "Damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the eggplants: (l) Cracks, when unhealed or affecting appearance to a greater extent than permitted for scars; (2) Scars on long type eggplant, when smooth and aggregating an area more than three-fourths inch in diameter, or rough and aggregating an area more than one-half inch in diameter, or excessively rough and affecting shape; or (3) Scars on thick, chunky, and intermediate type eggplant, when smooth and aggregating an area more than one inch in diameter, or rough and aggregating an area more than three-fourths inch in diameter, or excessively rough and affecting shape. "Fairly smooth" means the eggplant is not materially ridged or rough. "Fairly well colored" means: (1) For thick, chunky, and intermediate types of purple eggplant, at least ninety per cent of the surface is a deep purple or purplish black color; (2) For long type purple eggplant, at least sixty per cent of the surface is of purple color and the remainder of the surface is not yellow or otherwise abnormally colored; and (3) For eggplants that are of other than purple type, the color is fairly bright and typical of the variety. "Fairly well shaped" means the eggplants do not vary more than moderately from the normal shape. Long type eggplants may be no more than moderately curved, curled, or twisted. A long type eggplant eight inches in length is more than moderately curved when the distance between the inner curvature of the eggplant and a straight line extending from one end of the eggplant to the other, exclusive of the attached stem, exceeds one and one-half inches at any one point. Shorter eggplants shall have a proportionately lesser curvature and longer eggplants may have greater curvatures, provided such curvatures do not affect the appearance of the eggplants to a greater extent than the curvature permitted on an eight-inch eggplant. §4-41- 41-69 Intermediate type eggplants shall be no more than slightly curved, but may be cylindrical. "Firm" means not soft, flabby, or shriveled. "Injury" means any defect or combination of defects which appreciably detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the eggplant. Smooth, blossom-end scars shall be permitted on thick, chunky, or intermediate type eggplants, provided the scars do not aggregate an area more than three-fourths inch in diameter. "Intermediate types" means oval, cylindrical, or pear shaped, or similar types of eggplants that appear elongated as compared to thick, chunky type eggplants. "Length" means the measurement along the entire outer curvature of a long type eggplant, exclusive of the attached stem. "Overgrown" means the eggplant has passed the best stage for eating, indicated by a spongy flesh and seeds that are tough or dark brown. "Serious damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the eggplants: (l) Cracks, when unhealed or affecting appearance to a greater extent than permitted for scars; (2) Scars, when smooth and aggregating an area more than fifteen per cent of the surface, or rough and aggregating an area more than five per cent of the surface; or (3) Yellowing, when any yellow color or any abnormal color seriously affects appearance. "Similar varietal characteristics" means the eggplants are alike as to shape, color, and other general characteristics. "Smooth" means free from cracks, rough areas, or rough scars. "Well colored" means: (1) For purple type eggplant, the individual eggplant is uniformly colored with a deep purple or purplish black color, the color is bright, and the eggplants in any container are reasonably uniform in color; and (2) For all other types of eggplant, the color of the eggplant is bright and typical of the §4-41- 41-70 variety, and the eggplants in any container are reasonably uniform in color. "Well shaped" means the eggplant is well proportioned and has the normal shape for the variety. Long type eggplants may be no more than very slightly curved. A long type eggplant eight inches in length is more than very slightly curved when the distance between the inner curvature of the eggplant and a straight line extending from one end of the eggplant to the other, exclusive of the attached stem, exceeds three-fourths inch at any one point. Shorter eggplants shall have a proportionately lesser curvature and longer eggplants may have greater curvatures, provided such curvatures do not affect the appearance of the eggplants to a greater extent than the curvature permitted on an eight-inch eggplant. "Well trimmed" means the stem is not longer than one and one-half inches; is cut off neatly; and is not sharp or frayed. (b) Hawaii Fancy (Hawaii Grade AA) eggplant consists of Hawaii-grown eggplants of similar varietal characteristics which are clean, firm, well trimmed, well colored, well shaped, smooth, and not overgrown; and which are free from decay, freezing injury, wormholes, and bruises and from injury caused by scars, disease, insects, or mechanical or other means. Thick, chunky, and intermediate type eggplants shall be one- half to one and three-fourths pounds in weight. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on count, are provided: (l) For defects, not more than a total of ten per cent of the eggplants in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for eggplants damaged by any cause, including not more than one per cent affected by decay; and (2) For off-size, not more than ten per cent of the eggplants in any lot may vary from the size requirements of the grade. (c) Hawaii No. l (Hawaii Grade A) eggplant consists of Hawaii-grown eggplants of similar varietal characteristics which are clean, firm, well trimmed, fairly well colored, fairly well shaped, fairly smooth, and not overgrown; and which are free from decay, freezing injury, wormholes, and bruises and from damage caused by scars, disease, insects, cracks, or mechanical or other means. Unless otherwise specified, §4-41- 41-71 thick, chunky, or intermediate type eggplants shall be not less than three-eighths pound in weight. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on count, are provided: (l) For defects, not more than a total of ten per cent of the eggplants in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for eggplants seriously damaged by any cause, including not more than one per cent affected by decay; and (2) For off-size, not more than ten per cent of the eggplants in any lot may vary from the size specified. (d) Hawaii No. 2 (Hawaii Grade B) eggplant consists of Hawaii-grown eggplants of similar varietal characteristics which are clean, firm, well trimmed, not badly misshapen, and not overgrown; and which are free from decay, freezing injury, and wormholes and from serious damage caused by scars, disease, insects, cracks, yellowing, bruises, or mechanical or other means. There is no size requirement for this grade but an optional size designation may be used. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on count, are provided: (l) For defects, not more than a total of ten per cent of the eggplants in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-tenth of this amount, or one per cent, may be affected by decay; and (2) For off-size, not more than ten per cent of the eggplants in any lot may vary from the size specified. (e) Size of eggplants in any container or any lot may be specified in connection with the grade in terms of count, or minimum weight, or minimum and maximum weights. If designated in terms of count, eggplants in individual containers shall be fairly uniform in size; i.e., the weight of the smallest eggplant in any container shall be not less than one- half the weight of the largest eggplant, provided that one eggplant which does not meet this requirement shall be permitted in any container. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §147-4) (Imp: HRS §l47-4) §4-41- 41-72 §4-4l-43 Standards for Hawaii-grown ginger roots. (a) As used in this section: "Clean" means practically free from dirt or other foreign material, and there are no caked dirt on the rhizome. "Damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or marketing quality of the ginger root: (l) Cuts, breaks, or tears, when ragged or more than three-eighths inch deep; (2) Cuts, breaks, or tears, excluding points of mother plant and shoot attachments, when: (A) More than one defect is present per two ounces of rhizome; or (B) More than fifteen defects are present per rhizome (excluding inconspicuous tears where roots were attached); or (C) Large, conspicuous, and materially affecting the appearance or marketing quality; or (D) Obviously not at the end of a segment and exceeds an area three-fourths inch in diameter; or (E) Any single tear exceeds one-half inch in diameter; or (F) An aggregate of tears exceeds an area one inch in diameter; (3) Discolored flesh, when removal of the discolored area causes a loss of more than five per cent of the total weight of the rhizome; (4) Insects, when there is more than one small, shallow feeding depression per one-half ounce of rhizome, or any feeding depression exceeds three-eighths inch in diameter or three- sixteenths inch in depth; (5) Rootlets, when more that two short rootlets are present per ounce of rhizome; (6) Shriveling, when: (A) Area not adjacent to cuts, tears, breaks, or bruises are more than slightly shriveled; or (B) Areas adjacent to cuts, tears, breaks, §4-41- 41-73 or bruises are more than materially shriveled; or (7) Sprouts, when any sprout exceeds three- fourths inch in length. "Dry" means the ginger roots are free from external moisture, but dampness due to condensation shall be allowed. "Fairly clean" means reasonably free from dirt or other foreign matter and there is no caked dirt on the rhizome. "Fairly well matured" means the skin of the ginger root is tight and more than one-half of the surface of the rhizome is of a silvery tan color. The remaining surface of the rhizome may show slight tints of yellow or brown color. "Firm" means the ginger root is not shriveled or flabby and is unyielding to moderately heavy pressure. "Immature" means the skin of the ginger root has the yellow or brown color characteristic of immature ginger root, and the ginger root has a stem attached. "Injury" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which appreciably detracts from the appearance, or the edible or marketing quality of the ginger root: (1) Cuts, breaks, or tears, when ragged or more than one-fourth inch deep; (2) Cuts, breaks, or tears, excluding points of mother plant and shoot attachments, when: (A) More than one defect is present per four ounces of rhizome; or (B) More than three defects are present per rhizome (excluding inconspicuous tears where roots were attached); or (C) Large, conspicuous, and more than slightly affecting the appearance or marketing quality; or (D) Obviously not at the end of a segment and exceeds an area one-half inch in diameter; or (E) Any single tear exceeds one-fourth inch in diameter; or (F) An aggregate of tears exceeds an area one-half inch in diameter; (3) Discolored flesh, when removal of the discolored area causes a loss of more than §4-41- 41-74 three per cent of the total weight of the rhizome; (4) Insects, when there is more than one small, shallow feeding depression per one ounce of rhizome, or any feeding depression exceeds one-fourth inch in diameter or one-eighth inch in depth; (5) Rootlets, when more than one short rootlet is present per ounce of rhizome; (6) Shriveling, when: (A) Occurring in areas not adjacent to cuts, tears, breaks, or bruises; or (B) Areas adjacent to cuts, tears, breaks, or bruises are more than slightly shriveled; (7) Skin cracks, when prominent or numerous and affecting more than fifty per cent of the rhizome surface; or (8) Sprouts, when any sprout exceeds three- eighths inch in length. "Mature" means the skins of the ginger root is tight and more than three-fourths of the surface of the rhizome is of a silvery tan color. The remaining surface of the rhizome may show slight tints of yellow or brown color. "Reasonable size" means all segments of the rhizome shall be at least seven-eighths inch wide as measured from the side, except that terminal segments which have no attached buds longer than three-fourths inch may be less than seven-eighths inch in width. "Serious damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or marketing quality of the ginger root: (1) Cuts, breaks, or tears, when very ragged or more than one-half inch deep; (2) Cuts, breaks, or tears, excluding points of mother plant and shoot attachments, when: (A) More than one defect is present per one ounce of rhizome; or (B) More than twenty-five defects are present per rhizome (excluding inconspicuous tears where roots were attached); or (C) Large, conspicuous, and seriously affecting the appearance or marketing quality; or §4-41- 41-75 (D) Obviously not at the end of a segment and exceeds are area one inch in diameter; or (E) Any single tear exceeds three-fourths inch in diameter; or (F) An aggregate of tears exceeds an area one and one-half inches in diameter; (3) Discolored flesh, when removal of the discolored area causes a loss of more than ten per cent of the total weight of the rhizome; (4) Insects, when there is more than one small shallow feeding depression per one-fourth ounce of rhizome, or any feeding depression exceeds one-half inch in diameter or three- eighths inch in depth; or (5) Rootlets, when more than three short rootlets are present per ounce of rhizome. "Similar varietal characteristics" means the ginger roots are of the same general type with similar flesh color, flavor, and fiber content. "Skin cracks" means shallow cracks of the epidermis, which usually occur on well matured rhizomes and are generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the segment. "Soft rot" means any soft, mushy, or leaky condition of the tissue. "Wet breakdown" means the leaky condition of ginger root tissue following freezing. (b) Hawaii No. l (Hawaii Grade A) ginger root consists of Hawaii-grown ginger roots of similar varietal characteristics which are fairly well matured, dry, clean, firm, and of reasonable size; and which are free from soft rot or other decay, wet breakdown, wormholes, and sunscald and from injury caused by cuts, breaks, or tears, insects, rootlets, disease, skin cracks, growth cracks, discolored flesh, shriveling, sprouts, or mechanical or other means. Each ginger root shall weigh not less than four ounces. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (l) For defects, not more than a total of ten per cent of the ginger roots in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for ginger roots with damage by any cause, §4-41- 41-76 including not more than one per cent affected by soft rot; and (2) For off-size, not more than five per cent of the ginger roots in any lot may be below the specified minimum weight. (c) Hawaii Commercial ginger root consists of Hawaii-grown ginger roots of similar varietal characteristics which are fairly well matured, dry, fairly clean, firm; and which are free from soft rot or other decay, wet breakdown, wormholes, and sunscald and from damage caused by cuts, breaks, or tears, insects, rootlets, disease, growth cracks, discolored flesh, shriveling, sprouts, or mechanical or other means. Each ginger root shall weigh not less than two ounces. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than a total of ten per cent of the ginger roots in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for ginger roots with serious damage by any cause, including not more than one per cent affected by soft rot; and (2) For off-size, not more than five per cent of the ginger roots in any lot may be below the specified minimum weight. (d) Hawaii Young Ginger ginger root consists of Hawaii-grown ginger roots of similar varietal characteristics which are immature, dry, fairly clean, firm; and which are free from soft rot or other decay, wet breakdown, wormholes, and sunscald and from damage caused by cuts, breaks, or tears, insects, rootlets, disease, growth cracks, discolored flesh, shriveling, or mechanical or other means. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading and handling, not more than a total of ten per cent, by weight, of the ginger roots in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for ginger roots with serious damage by any cause, including not more than one per cent affected by soft rot. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am and comp 3/24/86; am 8/6/90; am 5/26/92] (Auth: HRS §l47-4) (Imp: HRS §147-4) §4-41- 41-77 §4-4l-44 Standards for Hawaii-grown lettuce. (a) As used in this section: "Burst" means the head is broken open. "Clean" means the head is practically free from dirt or other foreign material. "Damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the lettuce: (l) Aphids, when infestation is on the compact portion of the head, or wrapper leaves are badly infested; (2) Broken midribs, when more than two outer head leaves are affected; (3) Dirt, when the head is smeared with mud, or wrapper leaves are badly smeared with mud, or the basal portion is caked with mud or dry dirt, or head and wrapper leaves are covered with a heavy layer of dust; (4) Freezing, when outer head leaves show discoloration over more than half the crown, or more than three outer head leaves are appreciably affected; (5) Seedstems, when apparent upon inspection of the head; (6) Sunburn, when discoloration of head leaves affect more than half the crown; or (7) Tipburn, when aggregating an area more than one inch long and one-half inch wide. "Doubles" means two heads on the same stem. "Excessively trimmed" means the outer head leaves have been removed exposing the tender, inner leaves. "Fairly clean" means the appearance of the head or plant is not materially affected by the presence of dirt or other foreign material. "Fairly firm" when applied to heads of iceberg type lettuce means the head is fairly compact and has good head formation and is not soft or spongy; and when applied to big boston type lettuce means the head is not soft or spongy. "Fairly well formed" means the head is fairly symmetrical and not decidedly off shape in any respect, and the midribs are not excessively prominent and protruding. "Firm" when applied to heads of iceberg lettuce §4-41- 41-78 means the head is compact but may yield slightly to moderate pressure; and when applied to big boston type lettuce means the head is fairly compact. "Fresh" means the head is crisp although the wrapper leaves may be slightly wilted, or in the absence of wrapper leaves, one or two head leaves may be slightly wilted. "Not badly misshapen" means the midribs are not badly curved and do not protrude excessively, although the head may be asymmetrical and irregular in shape. "Serious damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the lettuce: (l) Broken midribs, when more than four outer head leaves are affected; or (2) Tipburn, when any single spot is more than one and one-half inches long and three- fourths inch wide. "Similar varietal characteristics" means the heads have the same characteristic leaf growth. "Well formed" means the head is reasonably symmetrical and the midribs are not protruding or abnormally prominent. "Well grown" means the heads or the plants are not stunted or poorly developed. "Well trimmed" means the butt is trimmed off neatly close to the point of attachment of the outer leaves and the outermost leaves of the head show some shade of green color. No wrapper leaves shall be permitted on lettuce sold direct to consumers, and lettuce sold in wholesale quantities shall have no more than four wrapper leaves per head, provided such wrapper leaves are not coarse, materially torn, or badly blistered. "Wrapper leaves" means leaves which do not closely enfold the compact portion of the head. (b) Hawaii Fancy (Hawaii Grade AA) head lettuce consists of Hawaii-grown head lettuce of similar varietal characteristics which are fresh, firm, clean, well formed, well trimmed but not excessively trimmed, well grown, and not split, burst, or open; and which are free from decay, tipburn, doubles, russet, brown blight, and spotted wilt and from damage caused by seedstems, broken midribs, freezing, sunburn, discoloration, disease, aphids or other insects, or mechanical or other means. §4-41- 41-79 In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading and handling, not more than a total of ten per cent, by count, of the heads in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for heads with serious damage by any cause, including not more than two per cent with soft rot affecting the compact portion of the head. (c) Hawaii No. l (Hawaii Grade A) head lettuce consists of Hawaii-grown head lettuce of similar varietal characteristics which are fresh, fairly firm, fairly well formed, well trimmed but not excessively trimmed, well grown, and not split, burst, or open; and which are free from decay and doubles and from damage caused by seedstems, broken midribs, freezing, sunburn, discoloration, disease, aphids or other insects, russet, brown blight, spotted wilt, tipburn, or mechanical or other means. Hawaii Grade A lettuce shall be clean and Hawaii No. l lettuce may be fairly clean. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading and handling, not more than a total of ten per cent, by count, of the heads in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for heads with serious damage by any cause, including not more than two per cent with soft rot affecting the compact portion of the head. (d) Hawaii No. 2 (Hawaii Grade B) head lettuce consists of Hawaii-grown head lettuce of similar varietal characteristics which are fresh, not badly misshapen, well trimmed but may be excessively trimmed, and not split, burst, or open; which are free from decay; and which are free from damage caused by seedstems, freezing, russet, brown blight, spotted wilt, or dirt and from serious damage caused by wilting, tipburn, broken midribs, discoloration, disease, aphids or other insects, or mechanical or other means. Hawaii Grade B lettuce shall be clean. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading and handling, not more than a total of ten per cent, by count, of the heads in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, including not more than two per cent with soft rot affecting the compact portion of the head. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §147-4) (Imp: HRS §l47-4) §4-41- 41-80 §4-4l-45 Standards for Hawaii-grown leaf lettuce. (a) As used in this section: "Damage" means any defect or combination of defects which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the lettuce. "Fairly clean" means the appearance of the plant is not materially affected by the presence of dirt or other foreign material. "Fresh" means the leaves are not wilted. "Similar varietal characteristics" means the plants in any lot have no distinct head formation and are of the same general type. "Well grown" means the plants are not stunted or poorly developed. "Well trimmed" means the butt is trimmed off neatly close to the point of attachment of the first whorl of leaves and leaves which are more than slightly bleached or discolored have been removed. (b) Hawaii No. l (Hawaii Grade A) leaf lettuce consists of Hawaii-grown leaf lettuce of similar varietal characteristics which are fresh, well trimmed, well grown, and fairly clean; and which are free from decay and seedstem and from damage caused by coarse stem, bleached or discolored leaves, sprayburn, wilting, freezing, insects, or mechanical or other means. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading and handling, not more than a total of ten per cent, by count, of the lettuce in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than two per cent may be affected by soft rot. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §l47-4) (Imp: HRS §l47-4) §4-4l-46 Standards for Hawaii-grown in-shell macadamia nuts. (a)As used in this section: "Clean" means the shell is practically free from dirt or other foreign material, or the general appearance of the lot is not more than appreciably affected by dirt or other foreign material. "Damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the in-shell macadamia nuts: §4-41- 41-81 (l) Shell defects: (A) Adhering husk, when more than ten per cent of the shell surface is covered with husk; (B) Crack, when open or exceeds one-half the long axis of the nut; (C) Holes and punctures, when extending through the shell to the kernel; (D) Rodent injury, when the shell shows evidence of gnawing; or (E) Surface mold, when conspicuous; and (2) Kernel defects: (A) Discolored area, when any markedly discolored spot is present, or any more than slightly discolored spot exceeds an area 3/32 inch in diameter, or any more than slightly discolored spot exceeds one-eighth inch in length or width, or a markedly discolored ring is present, or speckles that affect appearance more than slightly are present; or (B) Insect scar, when any feeding scar exceeds an area 3/32 inch in diameter, or two or more scars are present within a one-half inch area. "Diameter" means the shortest axis of the nut. "Doubles" means the nuts that result when two nuts have a common husk. "Dry" means the shell is free from surface moisture. "Insect infestation" means an insect or insect fragment, web, or frass is present within the nut. "Loose extraneous or foreign material" means loose pieces of husk or shell, empty shell, plant material, and substance other than macadamia nuts in the shell. "Off-odor or off-flavor by any cause" means the macadamia nut kernel possesses an odor or flavor which is not characteristic of macadamia nuts and which appreciably affects the eating quality of the kernel. "Serious damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the in-shell macadamia nuts: (l) Discolored area on kernel, when any markedly discolored or prominent spot (abnormalities such as an area encircled by a reddish brown §4-41- 41-82 line) or an aggregate of such spots within a one-half inch area exceeds an area 3/16 inch in diameter, or speckles that seriously affect appearance are present; (2) Insect scar on kernel, when any feeding scar or an aggregate of such scars within a one- half inch area exceeds an area one-eighth inch in diameter; or (3) Shriveling, when excessive. "Similar varietal characteristics" means the macadamia nuts have similar shape and shell texture; for example, smooth-shell type nuts shall not be mixed with rough-shell type in any lot. "Well developed" means the kernel is plump and not shriveled or excessively soft. (b) Hawaii No. l (Hawaii Grade A) in-shell macadamia nut consists of Hawaii-grown husked in-shell macadamia nuts of similar varietal characteristics which are more than five-eighths inch in diameter and free from doubles, live insect, and loose extraneous or foreign material; which have shells that are clean, dry, and free from damage caused by rodents, adhering husk, cracks, holes or punctures, surface mold, or other means; and which have kernels that are well developed and free from mold, decay, rodent injury, off-odor or off-flavor by any cause, and insect infestation and from damage caused by insect scar, discolored area, or other means. The average moisture content of the kernels shall not exceed three per cent, by weight. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (l) For shell requirements, not more than five per cent, by gross in-shell weight, of the macadamia nuts in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade; (2) For kernel requirements, not more than a total of ten per cent, by gross kernel weight, of the kernels in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than a total of three per cent of the kernels may be affected by mold, decay, rodent injury, insect infestation other than live insect, off-odor or off-flavor by any cause, or serious damage other than by insect scar, not more than two per cent may be affected by serious damage by insect scar, and no live insect shall be permitted; and §4-41- 41-83 (3) For other requirements, not more than three per cent, by gross in-shell weight, of the macadamia nuts in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-third of this amount, or one per cent, shall be allowed for loose extraneous or foreign material, and no live insect shall be permitted. (c) Tolerances provided in these standards are on a lot basis and shall be applied to a composite sample representative of the lot; however, any identifiable container or group of containers in which the macadamia nuts are obviously of a quality materially inferior from the majority of the containers in the lot shall be considered as a separate lot. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am 1/16/84; am and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §147-4) (Imp: HRS §147-4) §4-41-47 Standards for Hawaii-grown shelled macadamia nuts. (a) As used in this section: "Clean" means the kernel is practically free from dirt or other foreign material, or the general appearance of the lot is not more than appreciably affected by dirt or other foreign or extraneous substance. "Damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the shelled macadamia nuts: (1) Adhering shell, when shell specks affect the appearance or eating quality more than slightly, or any shell piece present exceeds 1/32 inch both in length and width; (2) Dark center, when the naturally exposed kernel center is appreciably dark or discolored; (3) Discolored area, when any markedly discolored spot is present or any more than slightly discolored spot exceeds an area 3/32 inch in diameter, or any more than slightly discolored spot exceeds and area one-eighth inch in length or width, or a markedly discolored ring is present, or speckles affecting appearance more than slightly are present; or §4-41- 41-84 (4) Insect scar, when any feeding scar present exceeds an area 3/32 inch in diameter, or there are two or more feeding scars within a one-half inch area. "Dry" means the kernel is free from surface moisture. "Half kernel" means the approximate half of a whole kernel with not more than one-eighth of its mass chipped off or missing. "Insect infestation" means an insect or insect fragment, web, or frass is present. "Loose extraneous material" means any loose substance which will pass through a 3/32 inch square opening in styles I, II, III, and IV. "Loose foreign matter" means any loose substance, other than macadamia kernels, which will not pass through a 1/16 inch square opening. "Off-odor or off-flavor by any cause" means the macadamia nut kernel possesses an odor or flavor which is not characteristic of macadamia nuts and which appreciably affects the eating quality of the kernel. "Serious damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the shelled macadamia nuts: (1) Adhering shell, when shell specks seriously affect the appearance or eating quality, or any shell piece exceeding an area 1/16 inch in diameter is present; (2) Dark center, when the naturally exposed kernel center is markedly dark or discolored; (3) Discolored area, when any dark brown or black spot or an aggregate of such spots within a one-half inch area exceeds an area 1/16 inch in diameter, or any markedly discolored or prominent spot (abnormalities such as an area encircled by a reddish brown line) or an aggregate of such spots within a one-half inch area exceeds an area 3/16 inch in diameter, or speckles seriously affecting appearance are present; (4) Insect scar, when any feeding scar or an aggregate of such scars within a one-half inch area exceeds an area one-eighth inch in diameter; or (5) Shriveling, when the kernel is excessively shriveled. §4-41- 41-85 "Well developed" means the kernel is plump and not shriveled or excessively soft. "Whole kernel" means the kernel is not split or separated into halves, and the kernel contour is not more than materially affected by a missing portion or portions, and not more than one-fourth of the kernel is chipped off or missing. (b) Hawaii No. 1 (Hawaii Grade A) shelled macadamia nut consists of Hawaii-grown macadamia nut kernels which are well developed, clean, and dry; and which are free from loose extraneous material, mold, decay, insect infestation, rodent injury, off-odor or off-flavor by any cause, hollow center, and loose foreign material and from damage caused by adhering shell, insect scar, discolored area, dark center, or other means. The average moisture content of the kernels shall not exceed one and one-half per cent, by weight. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For all defects, not more than a total of five per cent of the kernels in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade; (2) For dirt, mold, decay, and serious damage, not more than one per cent of the kernels in any lot may be affected; (3) For loose extraneous material, not more than one-half of one per cent of the kernels in any lot may be affected; (4) For insect infestation and off-odor or off- flavor, not more than one-tenth of one per cent of the kernels in any lot may be insect infested and not more than one-tenth of one per cent of the kernels may be affected by off-odor or off-flavor, provided there shall be no tolerance for live insect; and (5) For loose foreign matter, the amount present shall not exceed one-tenth of one per cent. (c) Tolerances provided in this section are on a lot basis and shall be applied to a composite sample representative of a lot; provided, any identifiable container or group of containers in which the macadamia nuts are obviously of a quality materially inferior from the majority of the containers in the lot shall be considered a separate lot. (d) The style of shelled macadamia nuts shall be specified in accordance with the following §4-41- 41-86 requirements, based on weight, for which no part of any tolerance shall be allowed: (1) Style I (wholes) shall consist of not less than ninety per cent whole kernels with the remaining units of such size that not more than one per cent will pass through a one- fourth inch square opening; (2) Style II (wholes and halves) shall consist of at least fifty per cent whole kernels with the remaining units of such size that not more than two per cent will pass through a 5/16 inch square opening; (3) Style III (cocktail) shall consist of at least ninety per cent half or larger kernels, included therein at least twenty-five per cent whole kernels, with the remaining units of such size that not more than two per cent will pass through a one-fourth inch square opening; (4) Style IV (halves and pieces) shall consist of at least fifty per cent half kernels with the remaining units of such size that not more than two per cent will pass through a one- fourth inch square opening, and not more than five per cent are larger than half kernels; (5) Style V (large diced) shall consist of units which are smaller than half kernels but of such size that not more than five per cent will pass through a 5/16 inch by one inch opening, included therein not more than two per cent that will pass through a 3/32 inch square opening; (6) Style VI (chips) shall consist of units of such size that at least ninety-five per cent will pass through a 5/16 inch by one inch opening but not more than two per cent will pass through a 3/32 inch square opening; (7) Style VII (bits, diced) shall consist of units which are smaller than half kernels and of such size that at least ninety-five per cent will pass through a 5/16 inch square opening but not more than ten per cent will pass through a 3/32 inch square opening; and (8) Style VIII (fines) shall consist of broken, chipped, or chopped kernels of such size that all units will pass through a one-fourth inch square opening and most will also pass through a 3/32 inch square opening. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am 1/16/84; am §4-41- 41-87 and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §147-4) (Imp: HRS §147-4)