HAR §4-41-48. Standards for Hawaii-grown mangoes

(a) As used in this section: "Badly misshapen" means the mango is seriously irregular or abnormal in shape. "Bruises" means bruising injury other than those incident to proper handling and packing. "Clean" means practically free from dirt, dust, spray residue, or other foreign matter and the amount of sap on the fruit is not excessive. "Damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the mangoes: (1) Discoloration, when aggregating an area more than two and one-half per cent of the surface; or (2) Russeting or scars, when light colored, smooth, and aggregating an area more than ten per cent of the surface, or rough, scaly, dark, or sunken and aggregating an area more than one-half inch in diameter, or so deep as to materially affect appearance. "Diameter" means the distance across the smallest round opening through which the mango will pass without pressure. "Fairly well formed" means the mango may be slightly abnormal in shape, but not to an extent whereby its appearance is materially affected. "Injury" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which appreciably detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the mangoes: (1) Discoloration, when aggregating an area more than three-eighths inch in diameter; (2) Fiber, when the flesh of the fruit is fibrous in areas not immediately adjacent to the seed, or fibers normally present in areas immediately adjacent to the seed are so long as to appreciably affect palatability; or (3) Russeting or scars, when light colored, §4-41- 41-88 smooth, and aggregating an area more than three-eighths inch in diameter, or rough, scaly, dark, or prominent and aggregating an area more than one-eighth inch in diameter, or the affected area is sunken. "Insect stings" means punctures made by insects that can be identified with the naked eye without cutting the fruit. "Mature" means the mango has reached the stage of growth which insures a proper completion of the ripening process. "Overripe" means dead ripe, very soft, and past commercial utility. "Serious damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the mangoes: (1) Anthracnose, when any single spot is more than one-eighth inch in diameter, or when affected areas aggregate more than one-half inch in diameter; (2) Cracks, when not shallow, unhealed, or affecting an aggregate area more than one inch in diameter; (3) Discoloration, when affecting more than one- third of the surface; or (4) Russeting or scars, when rough, scaly, dark, or prominent and aggregating an area more than one and one-half inches in diameter, or so deep as to seriously affect appearance. "Small seeded" means the weight of the seed in any fruit does not exceed twenty-five per cent of the total weight of the fruit. "Smooth" means there are no ridges, grooves, or other irregularities of the skin of the fruit. Rough scars or cracks shall not be considered a factor of smoothness. "Well formed" means the mango has a shape typical of the variety and is symmetrical and without irregularities in shape. "Well trimmed" means the stem is neatly and smoothly cut or broken off at a point not more than one-half inch beyond the shoulder of the fruit. (b) Hawaii Fancy (Hawaii Grade AA) mango consists of Hawaii-grown mangoes of a single variety which are mature, not overripe, clean, well trimmed, well formed, smooth, and small seeded; and which are free from §4-41- 41-89 anthracnose or other decay, wormholes, insect stings, freezing injury, bruises, cuts, punctures, and cracks and from injury caused by fiber, discoloration, russeting, scars, disease, insects, or mechanical or other means. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on count, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than a total of ten per cent of the mangoes in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for mangoes with anthracnose or damage by any cause, including not more than one per cent for mangoes affected by decay other than anthracnose; and (2) For off-size, not more than a total of ten per cent of the mangoes in any lot may vary from the size specified. (c) Hawaii No. 1 (Hawaii Grade A) mango consists of Hawaii-grown mangoes of a single variety which are mature, not overripe, clean, well trimmed, fairly well formed, smooth, and small seeded; which are free from anthracnose or other decay, wormholes, insect stings, freezing injury, bruises, cuts, punctures, and cracks; and which are free from injury caused by fiber and from damage caused by discoloration, russeting, scars, disease, insects, or mechanical or other means. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on count, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than a total of ten per cent of the mangoes in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, shall be allowed for mangoes with anthracnose or serious damage by any cause, including not more than one per cent for mangoes affected by decay other than anthracnose; and (2) For off-size, not more than a total of ten per cent of the mangoes in any lot may vary from the size specified. (d) Hawaii No. 2 (Hawaii Grade B) mango consists of Hawaii-grown mangoes of a single variety which are mature, not overripe, clean, well trimmed, not badly misshapen, smooth, and small seeded; which are free §4-41- 41-90 from decay (except anthracnose), wormholes, insect stings, freezing injury, bruises, cuts, and punctures; and which are free from injury caused by fiber and from serious damage caused by discoloration, russeting, scars, disease, insects, anthracnose, cracks, or mechanical or other means. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on count, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than a total of ten per cent of the mangoes in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one tenth of this amount, or one per cent, shall be allowed for mangoes affected by decay other than anthracnose; and (2) For off-size, not more than a total of ten per cent of the mangoes in any lot may vary from the size specified. (e) Numerical count or minimum diameter or the applicable size classification shall be specified in connection with the grade to describe the size of mangoes in any container. When the numerical count is specified, the diameter of the largest mango in any container shall not exceed the diameter of the smallest mango by more than one-half inch when most of the mangoes are three inches or larger in diameter, nor by more than three-eighths inch in diameter when most of the mangoes are less than three inches in diameter. Size of mangoes may also be specified based on the following size classifications: (1) Small, each mango shall measure under two and one-half inches in diameter; (2) Medium, each mango shall measure from two and one-half to three inches in diameter; or (3) Large, each mango shall measure over three inches in diameter. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §147-4) (Imp: HRS §147-4) 4-41-49 Standards for Hawaii-grown onions. (a) As used in this section: "Badly misshapen" means the onion is so badly deformed its appearance is seriously affected. "Breakdown" means the condition in which the scales are watersoaked. "Bottlenecks" means the onions have abnormally thick necks and usually poorly developed bulbs. §4-41- 41-91 "Clean" means free from staining or dirt or other foreign material. "Damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the onions: (1) Breakdown or freezing injury, when the equivalent of one or more scales is watersoaked; (2) Splits, when distinct bulbs are readily apparent on casual examination of the onion, or the onion is not completely covered by two or more outer scales; (3) Sunburn, when the appearance of the individual bulb is materially affected, or the contents of a package have a distinct greenish cast; or (4) Sunscald, when the appearance of a dry, well cured onion is affected, or the affected area is soft, mushy, or wet. "Diameter" means the greatest dimension taken at right angles to a straight line running from the stem of the onion to its root. "Distinctive pink color" means the pink color often found on onions in a lot of yellow bermuda onions is so conspicuous as to materially affect the appearance of the individual onion. "Doubles" means the onion has developed more than one distinct bulb joined only at the base. "Dry" means entirely free from any trace of dampness. "Fairly clean" means reasonably free from dirt or other foreign material and the individual onions are not caked with dirt or materially stained. "Fairly dry” means not moist or damp, although not necessarily completely dry. "Fairly firm" means the onion is not materially soft or spongy. "Fairly well shaped" means the onions are characteristically shaped and are not three, four, or five-sided, thick necked, or badly pinched. "Firm" means the onion is not appreciably soft or spongy. "Injury" means any defect or combination of defects which appreciably detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the onions. §4-41- 41-92 "Mature" means well developed and not wrinkled or shriveled. "Serious damage" means any of the following specific defects, or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or shipping quality of the onions: (1) Breakdown or freezing injury, when the equivalent of two or more scales is watersoaked; (2) Shriveling, when more than slight; or (3) Splits, when the presence of distinct bulbs seriously affects the appearance, or the onion is not completely covered by one or more outer scales. "Single variety" means the onions have the same characteristics as to shape, color, and character of growth. "Splits" means an onion has developed more than one distinct bulb all of which are at least partially covered by an outer scale. "Well shaped" means the onion is well rounded, well proportioned as to the neck and other characteristics, and has the shape typical of the variety. (b) Hawaii Fancy (Hawaii Grade AA) onion consists of Hawaii-grown onions of a single variety which are mature, firm, dry, clean, and well shaped; and which are free from decay, breakdown, sprouts, new neck growth, bottlenecks, doubles, distinctive pink color, seedstems, splits, sunburn, sunscald, cuts, and freezing injury and from injury caused by peeling, disease, insects, or mechanical or other means. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than five per cent of the onions in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one per cent may be badly watersoaked or affected by decay; and (2) For off-size, not more than five per cent of the onions in any lot may be below the specified minimum size and not more than ten per cent may be over the specified maximum size. (c) Hawaii No. 1 (Hawaii Grade A) onion consists of Hawaii-grown onions of a single variety which are mature, firm, fairly dry, fairly clean, and fairly well §4-41- 41-93 shaped; and which are free from decay, sprouts, new neck growth, bottlenecks, doubles, distinctive pink color, and seedstems and from damage caused by peeling, disease, insects, breakdown, splits, sunburn, sunscald, cuts, freezing, or mechanical or other means. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than a total of ten per cent of the onions in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one-half of this amount, or five per cent, may fail to meet the requirements of Hawaii No. 2 (Hawaii Grade B), including not more than one per cent which may be badly watersoaked or affected by decay; and (2) For off-size, not more than five per cent of the onions in any lot may be below the specified minimum size and not more than ten per cent may be over the specified maximum size. (d) Hawaii No. 2 (Hawaii Grade B) onion consists of Hawaii-grown onions of a single variety which are fairly firm, fairly dry, fairly clean, and not badly misshapen; which are free from decay, sprouts, new neck growth, bottlenecks, doubles, distinctive pink color, and seedstems; and which are free from damage caused by sunburn and sunscald and from serious damage caused by peeling, disease, insects, breakdown, splits, cuts, freezing, shriveling, or mechanical or other means. In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading, sizing, and handling, the following tolerances, based on weight, are provided: (1) For defects, not more than ten per cent of the onions in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of this grade, provided not more than one per cent may be affected by decay or badly watersoaked; and (2) For off-size, not more than five per cent of the onions in any lot may be below the specified minimum size and not more than ten per cent may be over the specified maximum size. (e) Onions may be classified as to size on the basis of minimum or maximum diameter, or both minimum and maximum diameters, or the following optional size classifications: §4-41- 41-94 (1) Small, when each onion is one to two inches in diameter; (2) Medium, when each onion is two to three and one-half inches in diameter; (3) Large, when each onion is three and one-half to four and one-half inches in diameter; or (4) Extra large, when each onion is four and one-half inches or larger in diameter. [Eff 5/29/81; am and comp 8/18/83; am and comp 3/24/86] (Auth: HRS §147-4) (Imp: HRS §147-4)